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Research

27,380 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 1–25 of 57 studies published 1988 (page 1 of 3) · 27,380 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 12,859 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Mechanisms of lower oesophageal sphincter incompetence in patients with symptomatic gastrooesophageal reflux

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 84 out of 100. Gut 1988-08-01

Visually impaired individuals were more likely to develop incident dementia, with a progressively greater risk among those with worse visual acuity. 5 key findings →

Design: systematic review Participants: 117,187 Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Olfactory dysfunction in parkinsonism: a general deficit unrelated to neurologic signs, disease stage, or disease duration

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 62 out of 100. Neurology 1988-08-01

To explore the nature of the olfactory dysfunction associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), 81 PD patients who scored well on a cognitive screening test were administered the 40-odorant University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test; 38 were additionally given a forced-choice phenylethyl alcohol odor detection threshold test. 2 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 24 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Apolipoprotein E: Cholesterol Transport Protein with Expanding Role in Cell Biology

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Science 1988-04-29

Apolipoprotein E is a plasma protein that serves as a ligand for low density lipoprotein receptors and, through its interaction with these receptors, participates in the transport of cholesterol and other lipids among various cells of the body.

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Reactive microglia are positive for HLA-DR in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease brains

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100. Neurology 1988-08-01

We detected large numbers of HLA-DR-positive reactive microglia (macrophages), along with Lewy bodies and free melanin, in the substantia nigra of all cases studied with Parkinson's disease (5) and parkinsonism with dementia (PD) (5). 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

The relevance of the Lewy body to the pathogenesis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 1988-06-01

The Lewy body is a distinctive neuronal inclusion that is always found in the substantia nigra and other specific brain regions in Parkinson's disease. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Neuropsychiatric disorders caused by cobalamin deficiency in the absence of anemia or macrocytosis

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. The New England journal of medicine 1988-06-01

Among 141 consecutive patients with neuro-psychiatric abnormalities due to cobalamin deficiency, we found that 40 (28 percent) had no anemia or macrocytosis. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

The brain in AIDS: central nervous system HIV-1 infection and AIDS dementia complex

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. Science (New York, N.Y.) 1988-02-01

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is frequently complicated in its late stages by the AIDS dementia complex, a neurological syndrome characterized by abnormalities in cognition, motor performance, and behavior. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Clinical, pathological, and neurochemical changes in dementia: A subgroup with preserved mental status and numerous neocortical plaques

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Annals of Neurology 1988-02-01

Postmortem examination was performed on 137 residents (average age 85.5 years) of a skilled nursing facility whose mental status, memory, and functional status had been evaluated during life.

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Beta-amyloid precursor protein of Alzheimer disease occurs as 110- to 135-kilodalton membrane-associated proteins in neural and nonneural tissues

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1988-10-01

Progressive cerebral deposition of extracellular filaments composed of the beta-amyloid protein (beta AP) is a constant feature of Alzheimer disease (AD). 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Expression of the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR in neurological disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Acta neuropathologica 1988-01-01

Reactive microglia or macrophages expressing the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR were detected in many neurological diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Pick's and Huntington's diseases, parkinsonism-dementia of Guam, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Shy-Drager syndrome, multiple sclerosis and AIDS encephalopathy. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: comparison of speech and language alterations

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 48 out of 100. Neurology 1988-05-01

Speech and language alterations were assessed in 51 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 10 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT). 3 key findings →

Participants: 51 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Comparing the Areas under Two or More Correlated Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves: A Nonparametric Approach

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 48 out of 100. Biometrics 1988-09-01

When a test is based on an observed variable that lies on a continuous or graded scale, an assessment of the overall value of the test can be made through the use of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Motor vehicle crashes in dementia of the Alzheimer type

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 47 out of 100. Annals of neurology 1988-12-01

To assess the occurrence and related features of motor vehicle crashes in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) we studied 30 patients who had been followed longitudinally and 20 healthy age-matched control subjects. 2 key findings →

Participants: 30 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

NIH conference. Alzheimer disease: clinical and biological heterogeneity

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 46 out of 100. Annals of internal medicine 1988-08-01

The clinical and biological features of Alzheimer disease are not uniform in their expression; heterogeneity is evident in the disease's clinical, anatomic, and physiologic characteristics. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Comparative mapping of DNA markers from the familial Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome regions of human chromosome 21 to mouse chromosomes 16 and 17

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 46 out of 100. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1988-08-01

Mouse trisomy 16 has been proposed as an animal model of Down syndrome (DS), since this chromosome contains homologues of several loci from the q22 band of human chromosome 21. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Language functions in Huntington's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Brain : a journal of neurology 1988-12-01

A comprehensive language test battery (Aachen Aphasia Test) was administered to 45 patients in the early, middle or later stages of Huntington's disease (HD) and to 20 control subjects. 3 key findings →

Participants: 45 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (60.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.6%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,032 records (3.8% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed