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Research

28,180 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 1–25 of 338 studies in How common it is scoring 50–69 out of 100 (page 1 of 14) · 28,180 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Download bibliography of these 338 studies, in this order: BibTeX (.bib) · RIS (.ris)

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Other subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 13,658 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

What “How common it is” covers

How common it is — Counting patterns across whole populations: who gets dementia, at what age, and how that is changing.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Contribution of Modifiable Midlife and Late-Life Vascular Risk Factors to Incident Dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. JAMA Neurology 2025-07-01

A total of 7731 participants were included in analysis of risk factors measured at age 45 to 54 years (4494 female [58%]; 2207 Black [29%]; 5524 White [71%]), 12 274 contributed to analysis of risk factors measured at age 55 to 64 years (6698 female [55%]; 2886 Black [24%]; 9388 White [76%]), and 6787 contributed to analysis of risk factors measured at age 65 to 74 years (3764 female [56%], 1375 Black [20%]; 5412 White [80%]). 3 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 12,274 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Influence of education and occupation on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. JAMA 1994-04-01

The data suggest that increased educational and occupational attainment may reduce the risk of incident AD, either by decreasing ease of clinical detection of AD or by imparting a reserve that delays the onset of clinical manifestations. 2 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 593 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Diabetes mellitus and risks of cognitive impairment and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 144 prospective studies

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. Ageing research reviews 2019-08-17

Diabetes, even prediabetes and changes of diabetes-related biochemical indicators, predicted increased incidence of cognitive impairment and dementia. 3 key findings →

Design: systematic review Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

All cause and disease specific mortality in patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis: population based cohort study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2011-03-08

Patients with osteoarthritis had excess all cause mortality compared with the general population (standardised mortality ratio 1.55, 95% confidence interval 1.41 to 1.70). 2 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 1,163 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Relation of cerebral vessel disease to Alzheimer's disease dementia and cognitive function in elderly people: a cross-sectional study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. The Lancet. Neurology 2016-06-14

Each level increase in the severity of atherosclerosis or arteriolosclerosis was associated with significantly higher odds of Alzheimer's disease dementia (odds ratio [OR] for atherosclerosis 1·33, 95% CI 1·11-1·58; OR for arteriolosclerosis 1·20, 1·04-1·40). 4 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 1,143 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative positron emission tomography core

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2010-05-01

ADNI has demonstrated the feasibility and utility of multicenter PET studies and is helping to clarify the role of biomarkers in the study of aging and dementia. 3 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 100 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

APOE4 homozygozity represents a distinct genetic form of Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. Nature medicine 2024-05-06

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of APOE4 homozygosity on Alzheimer's disease (AD) by examining its clinical, pathological and biomarker changes to see whether APOE4 homozygotes constitute a distinct, genetically determined form of AD. 2 key findings →

Participants: 3,297 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Is dementia incidence declining?: Trends in dementia incidence since 1990 in the Rotterdam Study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100. Neurology 2012-05-02

In the 1990 subcohort (25,696 person-years), 286 persons developed dementia, and in the 2000 subcohort (8,384 person-years), 49 persons. 4 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 5,727 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Incidence of Dementia over Three Decades in the Framingham Heart Study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. New England Journal of Medicine 2016

This long-running Massachusetts study tracked dementia rates over more than 30 years and found that a given person's chance of developing dementia at a given age has been steadily falling since the late 1970s. The decline was seen mainly in people with at least a high school education. 4 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 5,205 Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Inequalities in dementia incidence between six racial and ethnic groups over 14 years

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. Alzheimer's & Dementia 2016-03

This large study followed over 274,000 members of a single California health system for 14 years and found striking differences in dementia rates by race and ethnicity. 5 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 274,283 Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Cognitive and clinical characteristics of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis carrying a C9orf72 repeat expansion: a population-based cohort study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100. The Lancet. Neurology 2012-02-03

Patients with the repeat expansion had significantly more co-morbid FTD than patients without the repeat (50%vs 12%), and a distinct pattern of non-motor cortex changes on high-resolution 3 T magnetic resonance structural neuroimaging. 3 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 49 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Incidence and Prevalence of Frontotemporal Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. JAMA Neurology 2025-11-01

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, estimates indicate that FTD is comparable in frequency to dementia with Lewy bodies and occurs at higher rates than progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal syndrome, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 5 key findings →

Design: meta-analysis Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Delirium, long-term conditions, and incident dementia in older adults admitted to hospital for emergency care in Lothian, Scotland: a population-based cohort study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. The lancet. Healthy longevity 2026-03-27

Of 23 558 people without pre-existing dementia, 4135 (17·6%) had an admission with delirium. 5 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 23,558 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

The role of frailty and comorbidities in severe infections and the risk of dementia: a prospective, multicohort, observational study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. The lancet. Healthy longevity 2026-04-09

Frailty, comorbidities, and other age-related diseases were associated with a higher risk of dementia but did not account for the elevated dementia risk observed after severe infections. 3 key findings →

Design: cohort Participants: 449,223 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Update on treatments for nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease-an evidence-based medicine review

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society 2019-01-17

The evidence base for treating a range of nonmotor symptoms in PD has grown substantially in recent years. 2 key findings →

Participants: 37 Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Prediction of dementia by subjective memory impairment: effects of severity and temporal association with cognitive impairment

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Archives of general psychiatry 2010-04-01

The prediction of dementia in AD by SMI with subsequent amnestic MCI supports the model of a consecutive 3-stage clinical manifestation of AD from SMI via MCI to dementia. 2 key findings →

Design: cohort study Participants: 2,415 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Cognitive deficits in people who have recovered from COVID-19

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. EClinicalMedicine 2021-07-23

People who had recovered from COVID-19, including those no longer reporting symptoms, exhibited significant cognitive deficits versus controls when controlling for age, gender, education level, income, racial-ethnic group, pre-existing medical disorders, tiredness, depression and anxiety. 2 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 192 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

FastSurfer - A fast and accurate deep learning based neuroimaging pipeline

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. NeuroImage 2020-06-08

Traditional neuroimage analysis pipelines involve computationally intensive, time-consuming optimization steps, and thus, do not scale well to large cohort studies with thousands or tens of thousands of individuals. 5 key findings →

Design: cohort study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Prevalence and prognostic value of CSF markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in patients with subjective cognitive impairment or mild cognitive impairment in the DESCRIPA study: a prospective cohort study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. The Lancet. Neurology 2009-06-10

The CSF AD profile was more common in patients with SCI (31 of 60 [52%]), naMCI (25 of 37 [68%]), and aMCI (56 of 71 [79%]) than in healthy controls (28 of 89 [31%]). 3 key findings →

Design: cohort study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Normative estimates of cross-sectional and longitudinal brain volume decline in aging and AD

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100. Neurology 2005-03-01

Nondemented individuals exhibit a slow rate of whole-brain atrophy from early in adulthood with white-matter loss beginning in middle age; in older adults, the onset of dementia of the Alzheimer type is associated with a markedly accelerated atrophy rate. 2 key findings →

Design: cross-sectional Participants: 192 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 28,180 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 28,180 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (61.7% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.1%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,034 records (3.7% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed