28,180 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.
This study included 33 858 patients in the GLP-1RA vs other GLD cohort (mean age, 65 years; 53.1% female), 34 185 patients in the SGLT2i vs other GLD cohort (mean age, 65.8 years; 49.3% female), and 24 117 patients in the GLP-1RA vs SGLT2i cohort (mean age, 63.8 years; 51.7% female). 5 key findings →
Participants: 33 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
From 2520 records screened, 16 population-based studies were included and 12 contributed to meta-analyses. 5 key findings →
Design: systematic review Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
This meta-analysis included 21 studies involving 35,449 participants. 5 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis Participants: 21 Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
WMHs in the frontoparietal and anterior periventricular region were associated with blood pressure traits, WMH genetic risk score (GRS), baseline and decline in general cognitive performance, incident all-cause dementia, and ischemic stroke. 5 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study Participants: 2,878 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
Mary Poppins famously asserted that "a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down," but this bon mot is likely wrong in almost every way. 1 key finding →
Design: meta-analysis Participants: 74,148 Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
The global metabolic disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), significantly increases the risk of cognitive dysfunction, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). 5 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis Participants: 250,000 Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
We included 147,986 participants (Chinese [n = 6,034], Filipino [n = 4,649], Japanese [n = 3,099], South Asian [n = 996], non-Latino White [n = 133,208]); the mean baseline age ranged from 69 to 72 years, and the percentage of female participants ranged from 40% to 63% across groups. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study Participants: 6,034 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. 5 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription
BackgroundDiabetes has been linked to increased prevalence of dementia, but the link between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear. 4 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional Participants: 79 Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The established association of APOE*4 carriers with AD was confirmed in this community-based sample of older subjects (odds ratio (OR) = 2.22; p = 9.36E-14) and was stronger in females (OR = 2.72; p = 1.74E-10) than in males (OR = 1.88; p = 2.43E-05). 5 key findings →
Design: case-control study Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Our two-sample MR analysis indicated that T2D is not associated with the risk of AD (OR: 1.03, CI: 0.99-1.08, P = 0.128). 5 key findings →
Participants: 455,017 Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
During a median of 10.8 years follow-up, sleeping more or fewer than 7 hours was associated with a higher dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR] for 5 vs 7 hours: 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.64; HR for 9 vs 7 hours: 1.59; 95% CI 1.37-1.85) as was daytime napping (HR for often/all of the time vs never/rarely: 1.67; 95% CI 1.37-2.03). 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
We observed a dose-response association between higher alcohol consumption in 2006 and worse sleep quality in 2012 (Ptrend < 0·001), after adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, smoking status, physical activity, obesity, plasma lipid profiles, diabetes and hypertension. 5 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional Participants: 905 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The combined hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation (hazard ratio: 1.69, 95% confidence interval: 1.09-2.61) and non-hearing impairment and isolation with lack of conversation (hazard ratio: 1.60, 95% confidence: 1.07-2.39) were associated with the development of dementia. 3 key findings →
Participants: 2,745 Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The mean age was 58.4 years (SD = 6.2). A 20-dB (equivalent to a one-category worsening) increase in HL was associated with a -1.53 (95% CI, -2.11, -0.94) raw score point difference in the DSST, adjusting for demographics, hearing aid use, and cardiovascular disease. 4 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional Participants: 5,277 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
During the follow-up, 428 developed dementia; 221 had AD, 157 had VaD, and 50 had dementia of other subtypes. 5 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Social isolation and loneliness are increasingly recognized as detrimental risk factors for brain health. 3 key findings →
Participants: 383,421 Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Modeling estimated single-year exposure, each 1 μg/m3 higher ambient PM2.5 was associated with 67% higher adjusted risk of incident dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.669, 95% credible interval [CI]: 1.298, 2.136) and 75% higher adjusted risk of incident MCI (HR = 1.746, 95% CI: 1.518, 2.032). 4 key findings →
Participants: 1,572 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Recent studies suggested that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was related to a higher risk of dementia incidence or hospitalizations in western populations, but the evidence is limited in Asian cities. 3 key findings →
Participants: 66,820 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Over a mean follow-up of 8.4 years (range, Conclusions and relevance This cohort study of older adults found that adherence to a dietary pattern with lower inflammatory potential was associated with lower dementia risk among individuals with AD pathology and broader neurobiological risk. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort Participants: 1,865 Evidence: early
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
Early metformin initiation was not associated with incident dementia in older adults newly diagnosed with diabetes. 2 key findings →
Design: cohort Participants: 34,700 Evidence: null result
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
A distinct set of midlife depressive symptoms was associated with an increased risk of dementia, suggesting that these symptoms might be early markers of underlying neurodegenerative processes. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort Participants: 5,811 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
These findings suggest that increases in certain plasma AD biomarkers are associated with NP in WLWH and WLWOH and may be associated with later onset of AD, and measuring these biomarkers could be a pivotal advancement in monitoring aging brain health and development of AD among women with and without HIV. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study Participants: 307 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
In this review, the evidence that single clinically defined cardiovascular risk factors are significantly associated with incident AD is inconsistent at best. 2 key findings →
Design: systematic review Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
The genotype KL-VSHET+ is associated with reduced AD risk and Aβ burden in individuals who are aged 60 to 80 years, cognitively normal, and carrying APOE4. 5 key findings →
Design: case-control study Participants: 20 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
10 of the 3,281 studies in this tag, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 28,180 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.
This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 28,180 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (61.7% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.1%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.
1,034 records (3.7% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.
See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →