These phase 3 global trials confirmed lack of efficacy of bapineuzumab at tested doses on clinical endpoints in patients with mild to moderate AD. 3 key findings →
Design: clinical trial
Participants: 329
Evidence: high
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As the field moves towards primary prevention, we expect an increase in the use of fluid-based biomarkers to determine disease modification. 4 key findings →
Participants: 121
Evidence: low
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68/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 68 out of 100.
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Neurology
·
2018-02-02
Baseline biomarkers largely do not predict risk for developing ARIA-E. ARIA-E was associated with significant longitudinal changes in several biomarkers, with larger reductions in amyloid PET and CSF p-tau and t-tau concentrations, and paradoxically greater hippocampal volume reduction and ventricular enlargement, suggesting that ARIA-E in bapineuzumab-treated cases may be related to increased Aβ efflux from the brain and affecting downstream pathogenic processes. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 1,512
Evidence: moderate
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Both high baseline GFAP (hazard ratio 3·6, 95% CI 2·2-5·7; p 42/40 , both GFAP (2·6, 1·4-5·0; p=0·0026) and amyloid β 42/40 (2·1, 1·2-3·6; p=0·0091) were independently associated with incident dementia whereas NfL was not (1·4, 0·8-2·5; p=0·28). 2 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 300
Evidence: moderate
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The aim of this international guideline on dementia was to present a peer-reviewed evidence-based statement for the guidance of practice for clinical neurologists, geriatricians, psychiatrists, and other specialist physicians responsible for the care of patients with dementia. 1 key finding →
Design: meta-analysis
Evidence: high
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The CSF AD profile was more common in patients with SCI (31 of 60 [52%]), naMCI (25 of 37 [68%]), and aMCI (56 of 71 [79%]) than in healthy controls (28 of 89 [31%]). 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Evidence: moderate
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A number of new recommendations and good practice points are made, namely in CSF, neuropsychology, neuroimaging and reviewing non-evidence based therapies. 2 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Evidence: high
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65/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 65 out of 100.
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JAMA neurology
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2015-11-01
Baseline CSF levels of NGRN in patients with AD (median level, 2381 pg/mL [interquartile range, 1651-3416 pg/mL]) were higher than in cognitively normal participants (median level, 1712 pg/mL [interquartile range, 1206-2724 pg/mL]) (P = .04). 3 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 163
Evidence: moderate
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Plasma Abeta42/Abeta40 ratio has potential as a prescreener to identify Alzheimer pathological changes in cognitively normal individuals with SCD. 2 key findings →
Participants: 248
Evidence: moderate
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Obicetrapib significantly slowed AD biomarker progression over 12 months in participants with ASCVD, with the greatest effects in ApoE4 carriers. 5 key findings →
Design: clinical trial
Evidence: high
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63/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100.
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JAMA neurology
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2017-12-01
Three- and 1-year progression risks were 86% (95% CI, 71%-95%) and 27% (95% CI, 17%-41%) when MRI results were abnormal, 82% (95% CI, 73%-89%) and 26% (95% CI, 20%-33%) when CSF test results were abnormal, and 89% (95% CI, 79%-95%) and 26% (95% CI, 18%-36%) when the results of both tests were abnormal. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 525
Evidence: moderate
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Gut microbiota composition was associated with amyloid and p-tau status. 5 key findings →
Participants: 170
Evidence: moderate
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The models could aid clinicians in the interpretation of CSF biomarker and hippocampal volume results in individuals with MCI, and help research and clinical settings to prepare for a future of precision medicine in Alzheimer's disease. 1 key finding →
Participants: 883
Evidence: moderate
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60/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 60 out of 100.
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Neurology
·
2020-09-10
We included 730 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants without dementia (282 cognitively normal, 448 mild cognitive impairment) with baseline [ 18 F]florbetapir PET and CSF Aβ 42 available. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 318
Evidence: moderate
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58/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 58 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2020-08-11
Within APOE ε4 carriers, sex differences in CSF p-Tau are more evident in early disease stages, whereas for APOE ε4 noncarriers, sex differences are more evident in advanced disease stages. 3 key findings →
Participants: 1,801
Evidence: low
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CSF levels of YKL-40 may have utility for discriminating between cognitively normal individuals and patients with MCI or AD. 2 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Evidence: moderate
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57/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100.
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Neurology
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2013-09-18
We assessed whether preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD) based on CSF biomarkers at baseline predicts decline in cognitive functioning as measured by repeated neuropsychological tests for 4 cognitive domains in patients with subjective complaints. 4 key findings →
Participants: 132
Evidence: moderate
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In two independent cohorts, t-tau and p-tau levels showed four subgroups. 2 key findings →
Participants: 1,111
Evidence: moderate
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56/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100.
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JAMA neurology
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2014-07-01
Microbleed presence was associated with lower CSF Aβ42 in AD and vascular dementia (standardized beta = -0.09, P = .003; standardized beta = -0.30, P = .01), and higher CSF tau in controls (standardized beta = 0.10, P = .03). 4 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 914
Evidence: moderate
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55/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2007-12-01
An a priori defined cutoff value of p-tau(231) yields relatively stable results across centers, suggesting a good feasibility of a standard criterion of p-tau(231) for the prediction of Alzheimer disease. 2 key findings →
Participants: 43
Evidence: low
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We have used these markers and evaluated their performance. 4 key findings →
Participants: 131
Evidence: low
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Anxiety, apathy and depression are common in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and may herald Alzheimer's disease (AD). 4 key findings →
Participants: 268
Evidence: low
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We selected 111 patients with probable DLB and CSF available from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort. 4 key findings →
Participants: 111
Evidence: moderate
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Low Aβ42 was the strongest predictor of clinical progression in patients with subjective complaints. 3 key findings →
Participants: 127
Evidence: low
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Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a pathologically heterogeneous group of presenile neurodegenerative disorders, with or without the deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau protein in affected brain regions. 4 key findings →
Design: case-control study
Participants: 18
Evidence: moderate
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How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor,
and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a
scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the
difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself,
so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
- Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
- Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we
could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be
worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science,
Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed
journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the
tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a
missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores
zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and
the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed
article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or
a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not
work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by
that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is
reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out →
— four charts covering all 30,980 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap
bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on
stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.