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The role of cognitive and brain reserve in late-life depressive events: The Rotterdam Study
Jendé L Zijlmans, Meike W Vernooij, M Arfan Ikram, Annemarie I Luik. Journal of affective disorders, 2022-09-30
Topic: Brain imaging, connectivity and assessment
Higher cognitive (HR: 0.91/SD, 95%CI: 0.84; 1.00) and brain reserve (HR: 0.88/SD, 95%CI: 0.77; 1.00) were associated with a lower risk of a depressive event after adjustment for baseline depressive symptoms. These associations attenuated when participants with clinically relevant depressive symptoms at baseline were excluded (HR: 0.95/SD, 95%CI: 0.86; 1.05, HR: 0.89/SD, 95%CI: 0.76; 1.03, respectively). LIMITATIONS: No data was available on depression in early-life and the number of participants with major depressive disorder was relatively low (n = 105). Higher cognitive and brain reserve may be protective factors for late-life depressive events, particularly in those who have experienced clinical relevant depressive symptoms before. Further research is needed to determine whether cognitive and brain reserve could be used as targets for the prevention of late-life depression.
Key findings
- Higher cognitive (HR: 0.91/SD, 95%CI: 0.84; 1.00) and brain reserve (HR: 0.88/SD, 95%CI: 0.77; 1.00) were associated with a lower risk of a depressive event after adjustment for baseline depressive symptoms.
- These associations attenuated when participants with clinically relevant depressive symptoms at baseline were excluded (HR: 0.95/SD, 95%CI: 0.86; 1.05, HR: 0.89/SD, 95%CI: 0.76; 1.03, respectively).
- LIMITATIONS: No data was available on depression in early-life and the number of participants with major depressive disorder was relatively low (n = 105).
- Higher cognitive and brain reserve may be protective factors for late-life depressive events, particularly in those who have experienced clinical relevant depressive symptoms before.
- Further research is needed to determine whether cognitive and brain reserve could be used as targets for the prevention of late-life depression.
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Study details
- Participants105
- Effect sizeHR: 0.91; HR: 0.88; HR: 0.95
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 55/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 31 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 55 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of affective disorders) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2023 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 2 / 4 | 105 participants |
| Effect reported | 3 / 3 | Effect reported with a statistic (interval, p-value, ratio or similar) |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 36183828) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 31 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 31 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 55 out of 100. |
| Total | 55 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
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APA 7th
Zijlmans, J. L., Vernooij, M. W., Ikram, M. A., & Luik, A. I. (2023). The role of cognitive and brain reserve in late-life depressive events: The Rotterdam Study. Journal of affective disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.145
Vancouver
Zijlmans JL, Vernooij MW, Ikram MA, Luik AI. The role of cognitive and brain reserve in late-life depressive events: The Rotterdam Study. Journal of affective disorders. 2023. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.145. PMID: 36183828.
BibTeX
@article{zijlmans2023-36183828,
author = {Zijlmans, Jendé L and Vernooij, Meike W and Ikram, M Arfan and Luik, Annemarie I},
title = {{The role of cognitive and brain reserve in late-life depressive events: The Rotterdam Study}},
journal = {Journal of affective disorders},
year = {2023},
doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.145},
pmid = {36183828},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.145}
}
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