Home › Research › Mild cognitive impairment
Redox proteomics identification of oxidatively modified hippocampal proteins in mild cognitive impairment: insights into the development of Alzheimer's disease
Butterfield DA, Poon HF, St Clair D, Keller JN, Pierce WM, Klein JB, Markesbery WR.. Neurobiology of disease, 2006-02-08
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is generally referred to the transitional zone between normal cognitive function and early dementia or clinically probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Oxidative stress plays a significant role in AD and is increased in the superior/middle temporal gyri of MCI subjects. Because AD involves hippocampal-resident memory dysfunction, we determined protein oxidation and identified the oxidized proteins in the hippocampi of MCI subjects. We found that protein oxidation is significantly increased in the hippocampi of MCI subjects when compared to age- and sex-matched controls. By using redox proteomics, we determined the oxidatively modified proteins in MCI hippocampus to be alpha-enolase (ENO1), glutamine synthetase (GLUL), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase 1 (PIN1). The interacteome of these proteins revealed that these proteins functionally interact with SRC, hypoxia-inducible factor 1, plasminogen (PLG), MYC, tissue plasminogen activator (PLAT) and BCL2L1. Moreover, the interacteome indicates the functional involvement of energy metabolism, synaptic plasticity and mitogenesis/proliferation. Therefore, oxidative inactivation of ENO1, GLUL and PIN1 may alter these cellular processes and lead to the development of AD from MCI. We conclude that protein oxidation plays a significant role in the development of AD from MCI and that the oxidative inactivation of ENO1, GLUL, PKM2 and PIN1 is involved in the progression of AD from MCI. The current study provides a framework for future studies on the development of AD from MCI relevant to oxidative stress.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Butterfield, D. A., Poon, H. F., St Clair, D., Keller, J. N., Pierce, W. M., Klein, J. B., et al. (2006). Redox proteomics identification of oxidatively modified hippocampal proteins in mild cognitive impairment: insights into the development of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of disease. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2005.11.002
Vancouver
Butterfield DA, Poon HF, St Clair D, Keller JN, Pierce WM, Klein JB, et al. Redox proteomics identification of oxidatively modified hippocampal proteins in mild cognitive impairment: insights into the development of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiology of disease. 2006. doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2005.11.002. PMID: 16466929.
BibTeX
@article{butterfield2006-16466929,
author = {Butterfield, D. A. and Poon, H. F. and St Clair, D. and Keller, J. N. and Pierce, W. M. and Klein, J. B. and Markesbery, W. R.},
title = {{Redox proteomics identification of oxidatively modified hippocampal proteins in mild cognitive impairment: insights into the development of Alzheimer's disease}},
journal = {Neurobiology of disease},
year = {2006},
doi = {10.1016/j.nbd.2005.11.002},
pmid = {16466929},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2005.11.002}
}
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 7 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
Key findings
- Oxidative stress plays a significant role in AD and is increased in the superior/middle temporal gyri of MCI subjects.
- We found that protein oxidation is significantly increased in the hippocampi of MCI subjects when compared to age- and sex-matched controls.
- The interacteome of these proteins revealed that these proteins functionally interact with SRC, hypoxia-inducible factor 1, plasminogen (PLG), MYC, tissue plasminogen activator (PLAT) and BCL2L1.
- We conclude that protein oxidation plays a significant role in the development of AD from MCI and that the oxidative inactivation of ENO1, GLUL, PKM2 and PIN1 is involved in the progression of AD from MCI.
Why it matters
This study found increased protein oxidation in the hippocampus of people with mild cognitive impairment and identified specific oxidized proteins involved in energy metabolism, synaptic plasticity, and cell proliferation. The authors conclude protein oxidation plays a significant role in the development of Alzheimer's disease from mild cognitive impairment, but this does not provide a treatment or cure.
Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 48/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Neurobiology of disease) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | Neurobiology of Disease: journal h-index 225 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2006 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 6 / 7 | Cited 377 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 17.1 citations a year over 22 year(s) since 2006 |
| Impact for its field and year | 4 / 6 | Cited 19.4× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 4 / 6 | Cited by 31 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 20 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 4 / 4 | Last-listed author William R. Markesbery: h-index 124 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | University of Kentucky: institution h-index 824 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 16466929) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Total | 48 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2005.11.002
- PubMed: 16466929
- Original source →
- Free full text: DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Studies this one cites
Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here.
Later studies that cite this one
31 studies in the alzhub library list this one in their references. Showing the 8 highest-scoring.
Related studies in Mild cognitive impairment
Also tagged “precursor”
1,339 studies in the library carry the topic tag “precursor”; these are this study's neighbours in a fixed, alphabetical-by-hash tour of them, not the closest in content. All 1,339 tagged studies.