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Mobile Phone Use and Cognitive Impairment among Elderly Chinese: A National Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Shige Qi, Yuying Sun, Peng Yin, Han Zhang, Zhihui Wang. International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021-05-26
Topic: Brain imaging, connectivity and assessment
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between mobile phone use and cognitive impairment using the data of the Prevention and Intervention on Neurodegenerative Disease for Elderly in China (PINDEC) survey. A total of 21,732 participants aged 60 years and above in China were recruited using a stratified, multi-stage cluster sampling method, providing information on demographics, lifestyle and health-related characteristics, mobile phone use, and cognitive impairment through face-to-face interviews by trained staff according to a standard protocol. All estimates of rates were weighted by sex, age, and living area (rural or urban) in the elderly Chinese population. The rate of mobile phone usage was 65.5% (14.3% for smartphone use). The prevalence of cognitive impairment in non-users of mobile phone, dumbphone users, and smartphone users were 17.8%, 5.0%, and 1.4%, respectively. The odds of having cognitive impairment in users of dumbphone and smartphone were lower than non-users after adjusting for demographics, lifestyle, and health-related factors (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 0.39, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.45; p < 0.001; AOR, 0.16, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.25; p < 0.001, respectively). Smartphone use in Chinese elderly people was quite low. A strong correlation was found between mobile phone use and better cognitive function; yet longitudinal studies are warranted to explore the causal relationship. Future design of mobile phone-based interventions should consider the feasibility among those in need.
Key findings
- The prevalence of cognitive impairment in non-users of mobile phone, dumbphone users, and smartphone users were 17.8%, 5.0%, and 1.4%, respectively.
- The odds of having cognitive impairment in users of dumbphone and smartphone were lower than non-users after adjusting for demographics, lifestyle, and health-related factors (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 0.39, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.45; p < 0.001; AOR, 0.16, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.25; p < 0.001, respectively).
- Smartphone use in Chinese elderly people was quite low.
- A strong correlation was found between mobile phone use and better cognitive function; yet longitudinal studies are warranted to explore the causal relationship.
- Future design of mobile phone-based interventions should consider the feasibility among those in need.
Study details
- Study designlongitudinal study
- Participants21,732
- Effect size65.5%; 14.3%; 17.8%
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 73/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a longitudinal study following the same people over time. Scored zero for randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 41 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 73 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (International journal of environmental research and public health) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A longitudinal study following the same people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2021 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 4 / 4 | 21,732 participants |
| Effect reported | 2 / 3 | Effect reported as a number, without an interval or test |
| Studied in people | 3 / 3 | Studied in people (participant count stated) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 34073323) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 41 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 41 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 73 out of 100. |
| Total | 73 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
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APA 7th
Qi, S., Sun, Y., Yin, P., Zhang, H., & Wang, Z. (2021). Mobile Phone Use and Cognitive Impairment among Elderly Chinese: A National Cross-Sectional Survey Study. International journal of environmental research and public health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115695
Vancouver
Qi S, Sun Y, Yin P, Zhang H, Wang Z. Mobile Phone Use and Cognitive Impairment among Elderly Chinese: A National Cross-Sectional Survey Study. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021. doi:10.3390/ijerph18115695. PMID: 34073323.
BibTeX
@article{qi2021-34073323,
author = {Qi, Shige and Sun, Yuying and Yin, Peng and Zhang, Han and Wang, Zhihui},
title = {{Mobile Phone Use and Cognitive Impairment among Elderly Chinese: A National Cross-Sectional Survey Study}},
journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph18115695},
pmid = {34073323},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18115695}
}
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