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Interactions between apolipoprotein E, sex, and amyloid-beta on cerebrospinal fluid p-tau levels in the European prevention of Alzheimer's dementia longitudinal cohort study (EPAD LCS)
Saunders TS, Jenkins N, Blennow K, Ritchie C, Muniz-Terrera G.. EBioMedicine, 2022-08-27
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Background Alzheimer's Disease, the leading cause of dementia, is over-represented in females. The apolipoprotein E (APOE)ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD and is associated with aberrant cerebrospinal fluid levels (CSF) of total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and amyloid-β (Aβ). There is some evidence that sex may mediate the relationship between APOE status and CSF tau, however, evidence is mixed.
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
APA 7th
Saunders, T. S., Jenkins, N., Blennow, K., Ritchie, C., & Muniz-Terrera, G. (2022). Interactions between apolipoprotein E, sex, and amyloid-beta on cerebrospinal fluid p-tau levels in the European prevention of Alzheimer's dementia longitudinal cohort study (EPAD LCS). EBioMedicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104241
Vancouver
Saunders TS, Jenkins N, Blennow K, Ritchie C, Muniz-Terrera G. Interactions between apolipoprotein E, sex, and amyloid-beta on cerebrospinal fluid p-tau levels in the European prevention of Alzheimer's dementia longitudinal cohort study (EPAD LCS). EBioMedicine. 2022. doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104241. PMID: 36041266.
BibTeX
@article{saunders2022-36041266,
author = {Saunders, T. S. and Jenkins, N. and Blennow, K. and Ritchie, C. and Muniz-Terrera, G.},
title = {{Interactions between apolipoprotein E, sex, and amyloid-beta on cerebrospinal fluid p-tau levels in the European prevention of Alzheimer's dementia longitudinal cohort study (EPAD LCS)}},
journal = {EBioMedicine},
year = {2022},
doi = {10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104241},
pmid = {36041266},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104241}
}
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Key findings
- The apolipoprotein E (APOE)ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD and is associated with aberrant cerebrospinal fluid levels (CSF) of total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and amyloid-β (Aβ).
- There is some evidence that sex may mediate the relationship between APOE status and CSF tau, however, evidence is mixed.
- Methods We aimed to examine the interaction between sex, APOE ε4 status, CSF Aβ on t-tau and p-tau in 1599 mid-to-late life individuals without a diagnosis of dementia in the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia (EPAD) longitudinal cohort study.
- Findings We found a significant interaction between APOE status, sex, and CSF Aβ on CSF p-tau levels (β = 0·18, p = 0·04).
Why it matters
In 1599 mid-to-late life people without dementia, this study examined how sex, APOE ε4 status and CSF amyloid interact to affect CSF tau levels. It explores risk biology but does not test any treatment or prevention.
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Study details
- Study designcohort study
- Evidence strengthModerate
How this study scored 51/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a cohort study following people over time. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (EBioMedicine) |
| Journal's citation record | 2 / 4 | EBioMedicine: journal h-index 181 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 7 / 12 | A cohort study following people over time |
| Strength of evidence | 3 / 5 | Rated “moderate” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 3 / 5 | 2022 — within 6 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 3 / 7 | Cited 26 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 2 / 5 | 4.3 citations a year over 6 year(s) since 2022 |
| Impact for its field and year | 2 / 6 | Cited 3.0× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 1 / 6 | Cited by 2 other studies in this library |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 17 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Graciela Muniz Terrera: h-index 44 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | University of Edinburgh: institution h-index 1,378 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 2 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 4 institution(s) in 3 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 36041266) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Total | 51 / 100 | — |
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