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Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro
Gallardo-Fernández M, Hornedo-Ortega R, Alonso-Bellido IM, Rodríguez-Gómez JA, Troncoso AM, García-Parrilla MC, Venero JL, Espinosa-Oliva AM et al.. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2019-12-31
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Neuroinflammation is a common feature shared by neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), and seems to play a key role in their development and progression. Microglia cells, the principal orchestrators of neuroinflammation, can be polarized in different phenotypes, which means they are able to have anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, or neurodegenerative effects. Increasing evidence supports that the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern is related to the reduction of cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases. A considerable intake of plant foods, fish, and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), as well as a moderate consumption of red wine, all characteristic of the Mediterranean diet (MD), are behind these effects. These foods are especially rich in polyphenols, being the most relevant in the MD hydroxytyrosol (HT) and their derivatives present in EVOO, which have demonstrated a wide array of biological activities. Here, we demonstrate that HT is able to reduce the inflammation induced by two different stimuli: lipopolysaccharide and α-synuclein. We also study the possible molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of HT, including the study of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-кB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase, and inflammasome. Our data support the use of HT to prevent the inflammation associated with PD and shed light into the relationship between MD and this neurological disorder.
Key findings
- These foods are especially rich in polyphenols, being the most relevant in the MD hydroxytyrosol (HT) and their derivatives present in EVOO, which have demonstrated a wide array of biological activities.
- Our data support the use of HT to prevent the inflammation associated with PD and shed light into the relationship between MD and this neurological disorder.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 41/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 24 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 41 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2019 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Laboratory or animal study (title names “in vitro”) — scores zero |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 31906130) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 24 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 24 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 41 out of 100. |
| Total | 41 / 100 | — |
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Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Gallardo-Fernández, M., Hornedo-Ortega, R., Alonso-Bellido, I. M., Rodríguez-Gómez, J. A., Troncoso, A. M., García-Parrilla, M. C., et al. (2019). Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010036
Vancouver
Gallardo-Fernández M, Hornedo-Ortega R, Alonso-Bellido IM, Rodríguez-Gómez JA, Troncoso AM, García-Parrilla MC, et al. Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland). 2019. doi:10.3390/antiox9010036. PMID: 31906130.
BibTeX
@article{gallardofernandez2019-31906130,
author = {Gallardo-Fernández, M. and Hornedo-Ortega, R. and Alonso-Bellido, I. M. and Rodríguez-Gómez, J. A. and Troncoso, A. M. and García-Parrilla, M. C. and Venero, J. L. and Espinosa-Oliva, A. M. and others},
title = {{Hydroxytyrosol Decreases LPS- and α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Activation In Vitro}},
journal = {Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.3390/antiox9010036},
pmid = {31906130},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010036}
}
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