Topic: Genetics and APOE
Dementia is a leading cause of death in many countries. Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is the most common form of dementia, with approximately 35 million affected people. LOAD shows a high heritability (h2) of 58-79%. Clarifying the genetic architecture of LOAD could contribute to precision medicine. In recent years, large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and their meta-analyses with a large sample size have elucidated the disease-susceptible genes and disease-causing pathways. To date, meta-analyses of GWASs in the Caucasian population have successfully identified approximately 40 LOAD risk loci. The gene set and disease pathway analysis obtained from the results of GWASs suggested biological mechanisms involving brain immune function, lipid-related processes, tau binding proteins, and degradation of amyloid precursor proteins in the pathogenesis of LOAD. Furthermore, the exome sequencing analysis in Japanese individuals with LOAD also revealed a rare variant with a large effect of SHARPIN in LOAD susceptibility, and the variant protein possibly affects the immune response through aberrant cellular localization, which may result in attenuated NF-κB activity in the brain. These findings could provide biological and pharmaceutical approaches in precision medicine for LOAD.
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APA 7th
Ozaki, K., & Niida, S. (2019). [Genetic Background for Alzheimer's Disease: Knowledge Accumulated from AD GWAS]. Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo. https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416201403
Vancouver
Ozaki K, Niida S. [Genetic Background for Alzheimer's Disease: Knowledge Accumulated from AD GWAS]. Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo. 2019. doi:10.11477/mf.1416201403. PMID: 31588048.
BibTeX
@article{ozaki2019-31588048,
author = {Ozaki, Kouichi and Niida, Shumpei},
title = {{[Genetic Background for Alzheimer's Disease: Knowledge Accumulated from AD GWAS]}},
journal = {Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.11477/mf.1416201403},
pmid = {31588048},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11477/mf.1416201403}
}
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Key findings
- The gene set and disease pathway analysis obtained from the results of GWASs suggested biological mechanisms involving brain immune function, lipid-related processes, tau binding proteins, and degradation of amyloid precursor proteins in the pathogenesis of LOAD.
- Furthermore, the exome sequencing analysis in Japanese individuals with LOAD also revealed a rare variant with a large effect of SHARPIN in LOAD susceptibility, and the variant protein possibly affects the immune response through aberrant cellular localization, which may result in attenuated NF-κB activity in the brain.
- These findings could provide biological and pharmaceutical approaches in precision medicine for LOAD.
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Study details
- Study designmeta-analysis
- Evidence strengthHigh
How this study scored 68/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal, and it is a meta-analysis pooling many studies. Scored zero for sample size, effect reported and studied in people because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record, multi-centre collaboration and free to read, so those were left out: it earned 38 of the 56 points we could judge it on, which is 68 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 12 / 12 | A meta-analysis pooling many studies |
| Strength of evidence | 5 / 5 | Rated “high” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2019 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | A review of other studies — randomisation is not credited here |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 31588048) |
| Free to read | — / 2 | Access not recorded — left out of this score |
| Points | 38 / 56 | Scored on 10 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 38 of the 56 points we could judge it on is 68 out of 100. |
| Total | 68 / 100 | — |
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