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45/100

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 45 out of 100. Brain tissue and pathology

Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles released by most cell types, and from multiple sub-cellular compartments. They carry a range of cargo biomolecules, including protein and RNA that reflect the type and status of their cell of origin. EVs are associated with the 43 kDa trans-active response DNA binding protein (TDP-43), aggregates of which are a key pathological feature across the spectrum of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and other TDP-43 proteinopathies. The secretion of TDP-43 via EVs may have beneficial effects through the cellular clearance of aggregated protein, or detrimental effects via the intercellular spread of templated TDP-43 aggregation. This review examines evidence for the association of TDP-43 with EVs in post mortem tissue, in vitro models and human biofluids, and discusses evidence for EV TDP-43 involvement in pathogenesis via clearance or ‘seeding’ processes. We further discuss the potential for use of EVs in biomarker development, through analysis of TDP-43 or alternative protein and RNA cargoes.

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APA 7th

Dellar, E. R., Nikel, L., Fowler, S. L., Vahsen, B. F., Dafinca, R., Feneberg, E., et al. (2025). Extracellular vesicles in TDP-43 proteinopathies: pathogenesis and biomarker potential. Molecular Neurodegeneration. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-025-00859-4

Vancouver

Dellar ER, Nikel L, Fowler SL, Vahsen BF, Dafinca R, Feneberg E, et al. Extracellular vesicles in TDP-43 proteinopathies: pathogenesis and biomarker potential. Molecular Neurodegeneration. 2025. doi:10.1186/s13024-025-00859-4. PMID: 40495245.

BibTeX

@article{dellar2025-40495245,
  author  = {Dellar, Elizabeth R. and Nikel, Lara and Fowler, Stephanie L. and Vahsen, Björn Friedhelm and Dafinca, Ruxandra and Feneberg, Emily and Talbot, Kevin and Turner, Martin R. and others},
  title   = {{Extracellular vesicles in TDP-43 proteinopathies: pathogenesis and biomarker potential}},
  journal = {Molecular Neurodegeneration},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13024-025-00859-4},
  pmid    = {40495245},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-025-00859-4}
}

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Key findings

EVs are associated with the 43 kDa trans-active response DNA binding protein (TDP-43), aggregates of which are a key pathological feature across the spectrum of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and other TDP-43 proteinopathies.

Why it matters

This review examines evidence that TDP-43 is associated with extracellular vesicles, which may either help clear aggregated protein or spread it between cells. It discusses potential use of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers, but reports no treatment, cure or prevention.

Study details

Evidence strengthLow

How this study scored 45/100

Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.

Component	Points	Why
Journal tier	7 / 10	Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Molecular Neurodegeneration)
Journal's citation record	2 / 4	Molecular Neurodegeneration: journal h-index 164 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design	0 / 12	No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Strength of evidence	1 / 5	Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation	10 / 10	Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent	4 / 5	2025 — within 3 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size	0 / 4	Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported	0 / 3	No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people	0 / 3	Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomised / blinded	0 / 2	No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited	3 / 7	Cited 17 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year	2 / 5	5.7 citations a year over 3 year(s) since 2025
Impact for its field and year	4 / 6	Cited 9.6× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here	0 / 6	No other study in this library cites it
Still being cited	2 / 4	Cited 17 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record	2 / 4	Last-listed author Alexander G. Thompson: h-index 21 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record	2 / 3	University of Oxford: institution h-index 2,205 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration	2 / 3	OpenAlex lists 5 institution(s) in 2 countries
Indexed in PubMed	2 / 2	Indexed in PubMed (PMID 40495245)
Free to read	2 / 2	Free to read
Total	45 / 100	—

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

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