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Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS): An overview
Naveed M, Phil L, Sohail M, Hasnat M, Baig MMFA, Ihsan AU, Shumzaid M, Kakar MU et al.. International journal of biological macromolecules, 2019-01-29
Topic: Gut, metabolism and diet
The frequently studied polysaccharide, chitosan oligosaccharide/chitooligosaccharide (COS) is the major degradation product of chitosan/chitin via chemical hydrolysis or enzymatic degradation involving deacetylation and depolymerization processes. Innumerable studies have revealed in the recent decade that COS has various promising biomedical implications in the past analysis, current developments and potential applications in a biomedical, pharmaceutical and agricultural sector. Innovations into COS derivatization has broadened its application in cosmeceutical and nutraceutical productions as well as in water treatment and environmental safety. In relation to its parent biomaterials and other available polysaccharides, COS has low molecular weight (Mw), higher degree of deacetylation (DD), higher degree of polymerization (DP), less viscous and complete water solubility, which endowed it with significant biological properties like antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive, as well as drug/DNA delivery ability. In addition, it is also revealed to exhibit antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-HIV-1, anti-Alzheimer's disease, hypocholesterolemic, calcium absorption and hemostatic effects. Furthermore, COS is shown to have higher cellular transduction and completely absorbable via intestinal epithelium due to its cationic sphere exposed on the more exposed shorter N-glucosamine (N-Glc) units. This paper narrates the recent developments in COS biomedical applications while paying considerable attention to its physicochemical properties and its chemical composition. Its pharmacokinetic aspects are also briefly discussed while highlighting potential overdose or lethal dosing. In addition, due to its multiple NGlc unit composition and vulnerability to degradation, its safety is given significant attention. Finally, a suggestion is made for extensive study on COS anti-HIV effects with well-refined batches.
Key findings
- Innumerable studies have revealed in the recent decade that COS has various promising biomedical implications in the past analysis, current developments and potential applications in a biomedical, pharmaceutical and agricultural sector.
- In relation to its parent biomaterials and other available polysaccharides, COS has low molecular weight (Mw), higher degree of deacetylation (DD), higher degree of polymerization (DP), less viscous and complete water solubility, which endowed it with significant biological properties like antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive, as well as drug/DNA delivery ability.
- In addition, it is also revealed to exhibit antidiabetic, anti-obesity, anti-HIV-1, anti-Alzheimer's disease, hypocholesterolemic, calcium absorption and hemostatic effects.
- In addition, due to its multiple NGlc unit composition and vulnerability to degradation, its safety is given significant attention.
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Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 38/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 22 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 38 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (International journal of biological macromolecules) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 2 / 5 | 2019 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 30708011) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 22 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 22 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 38 out of 100. |
| Total | 38 / 100 | — |
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Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Naveed, M., Phil, L., Sohail, M., Hasnat, M., Baig, M. M. F. A., Ihsan, A. U., et al. (2019). Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS): An overview. International journal of biological macromolecules. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.192
Vancouver
Naveed M, Phil L, Sohail M, Hasnat M, Baig MMFA, Ihsan AU, et al. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS): An overview. International journal of biological macromolecules. 2019. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.192. PMID: 30708011.
BibTeX
@article{naveed2019-30708011,
author = {Naveed, M. and Phil, L. and Sohail, M. and Hasnat, M. and Baig, M. M. F. A. and Ihsan, A. U. and Shumzaid, M. and Kakar, M. U. and others},
title = {{Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS): An overview}},
journal = {International journal of biological macromolecules},
year = {2019},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.192},
pmid = {30708011},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.192}
}
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