Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

This page is alzhub.org's plain-English summary of a published study, not the paper itself. It is generated from the record we hold for this study, sourced and linked below — check the original for the full text and methods.

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 39 out of 100. Tau biomarkers

Topic: Risk, prevention and care in population studies

Objectives To examine the effect of specific cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles on the rate of cognitive decline, disease progression, and risk of conversion to Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Design Total tau (T-tau), tau phosphorylated at threonine 181, and β-amyloid 1-42 peptide (Aβ42) were immunoassayed in CSF samples obtained from patients with MCI enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Patients were then stratified by CSF profiles: (1) normal T-tau and normal Aβ42 (ie, normal-T-tauAβ42), (2) normal T-tau but abnormal Aβ42 (ie, abnormal-Aβ42), (3) abnormal T-tau but normal Aβ42 (ie, abnormal-T-tau), and (4) abnormal T-tau and abnormal Aβ42 (ie, abnormal-T-tauAβ42).

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

APA 7th

Okonkwo, O. C., Mielke, M. M., Griffith, H. R., Moghekar, A. R., O'Brien, R. J., Shaw, L. M., et al. (2011). Cerebrospinal fluid profiles and prospective course and outcome in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Archives of neurology. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.334

Vancouver

Okonkwo OC, Mielke MM, Griffith HR, Moghekar AR, O'Brien RJ, Shaw LM, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid profiles and prospective course and outcome in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Archives of neurology. 2011. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.334. PMID: 21220682.

BibTeX

@article{okonkwo2011-21220682,
  author  = {Okonkwo, O. C. and Mielke, M. M. and Griffith, H. R. and Moghekar, A. R. and O'Brien, R. J. and Shaw, L. M. and Trojanowski, J. Q. and Albert, M. S. and others},
  title   = {{Cerebrospinal fluid profiles and prospective course and outcome in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {Archives of neurology},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1001/archneurol.2010.334},
  pmid    = {21220682},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.334}
}

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

Key findings

Why it matters

In patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, this study examined how different cerebrospinal fluid profiles of total tau, phosphorylated tau and amyloid-beta 1-42 relate to cognitive decline, disease progression and risk of conversion to Alzheimer disease dementia. It is about prognosis based on biomarker profiles, not about treatment or cure.

Study details

How this study scored 39/100
How this study's score is builtJournal tier 7 of 10; Journal's citation record 3 of 4; Study design 0 of 12; Strength of evidence 1 of 5; Peer-review validation 10 of 10; How recent 1 of 5; Sample size 0 of 4; Effect reported 0 of 3; Studied in people 0 of 3; Randomised / blinded 0 of 2; Times cited 3 of 7; Citations per year 1 of 5; Impact for its field and year 3 of 6; Cited by studies here 2 of 6; Still being cited 0 of 4; Senior author's track record 3 of 4; Institution's track record 2 of 3; Multi-centre collaboration 1 of 3; Indexed in PubMed 2 of 2; Free to read 0 of 2. Total 39 of 100.39 of 100 points earned61 not earned

Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported, studied in people and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.

ComponentPointsWhy
Journal tier 7 / 10 Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Archives of neurology)
Journal's citation record 3 / 4 Archives of Neurology: journal h-index 353 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design 0 / 12 No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Strength of evidence 1 / 5 Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation 10 / 10 Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent 1 / 5 2011 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size 0 / 4 Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Effect reported 0 / 3 No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people 0 / 3 Not stated whether this was studied in people — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Randomised / blinded 0 / 2 No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited 3 / 7 Cited 33 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year 1 / 5 1.9 citations a year over 17 year(s) since 2011
Impact for its field and year 3 / 6 Cited 3.8× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here 2 / 6 Cited by 3 other studies in this library
Still being cited 0 / 4 Cited 2 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record 3 / 4 Last-listed author Ozioma C. Okonkwo: h-index 68 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record 2 / 3 Johns Hopkins University: institution h-index 2,306 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration 1 / 3 OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 1 country
Indexed in PubMed 2 / 2 Indexed in PubMed (PMID 21220682)
Free to read 0 / 2 Behind a paywall — scores zero
Total 39 / 100 —

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

Read the original

Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).

Studies this one cites

Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here. Showing 12 of 14.

Later studies that cite this one

3 studies in the alzhub library list this one in their references.

Related studies in Tau biomarkers

Also tagged “examination”

840 studies in the library carry the topic tag “examination”; these are this study's neighbours in a fixed, alphabetical-by-hash tour of them, not the closest in content. All 840 tagged studies.

Similar studies

More on Tau biomarkers

See all studies in Tau biomarkers →