Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Find studies

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

In patients with mild vascular dementia, anodal tDCS of the left DLPFC is able to produce additional effects to cognitive training on visual short-term memory, verbal working memory, and executive control. 2 key findings →

Participants: 21 Evidence: high

The MoCA is more sensitive than the MMSE in screening for cognitive impairment after acute stroke. 2 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 100 Evidence: moderate

Plasma GFAP levels were significantly (all p < 0.001) elevated in bvFTD (n = 22, mean (M) = 273 pg/mL) compared to BPAD (n = 121, M = 96 pg/mL), MDD (n = 42, M = 105 pg/mL), TRS (n = 82, M = 67.9 pg/mL), and HC (n = 120, M = 76.8 pg/mL). 5 key findings →

Participants: 22 Evidence: moderate

Effect of an antioxidant drink on homocysteine levels in Alzheimer's patients

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 58 out of 100. Journal of the neurological sciences 2010-09-20

The regular ingestion of polyphenols contained in an antioxidant beverage may decrease tHcy plasmatic concentrations in Alzheimer's patients. 1 key finding →

Participants: 100 Evidence: high

Our meta-analysis identified similar distributions of neuroanatomical changes in AD and MCI, which are consistent with the hierarchical model of neuropathological alterations of neurofibrillary tangles in AD and MCI. 2 key findings →

Design: systematic review Evidence: high

The MRC Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (CFAS) is a prospective longitudinal study of a population-based cohort of elderly people in six UK sites, evaluated using psychometric instruments and questionnaires to elucidate physical and mental health. 3 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

The complexity of neurodegenerative disorders necessitates an integrative approach that incorporates morphological, functional, and molecular biomarkers. 3 key findings →

Participants: 279 Evidence: moderate

Does mild cognitive impairment always lead to dementia? A review

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Journal of the neurological sciences 2016-07-26

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has often been studied in its association with dementia, yet higher rates of reversion to normal cognition than progression to dementia suggest that MCI does not necessarily lead to dementia. 2 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

After deduplication and screening of 8893 records, we included 109 studies describing a wide array of wearable or portable DHTs that obtained digital biomarkers. 5 key findings →

Participants: 109 Evidence: low

A subset of a dementia subgroup with characteristics predominantly associated with DM-related factors may underlie a pathophysiology different from AD, although these patients were clinically diagnosed as having AD. 4 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 175 Evidence: moderate

Recently, the relationship between cognitive status and the neuropathological stages of a newly proposed staging procedure for Parkinson's disease (PD) was assessed in a cohort of 88 individuals. 4 key findings →

Participants: 88 Evidence: moderate

The epidemiology of dementia associated with Parkinson disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 47 out of 100. Journal of the neurological sciences 2009-09-04

Several recent studies have shown that dementia is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), and that in some patients, cognitive impairment occurs even at the time of diagnosis. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Combined neuropathological and neurochemical assessment of the nucleus of Meynert in senile dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT) have demonstrated that the cholinergic biochemical activity, choline acetyltransferase, is more extensively reduced in the nucleus (over 90%) than the loss of putative cholinergic perikarya (35%). 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Macrophage/microglia (M phi) are the principal immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) concomitant with inflammatory brain disease and play a significant role in the host defense against invading microorganisms. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

A dementing syndrome has been identified in a group of psychiatric cases aged 71-90 years, presenting initially with a subacute/acute confusional state, often fluctuating and associated with visual hallucinations and behavioural disturbances. 4 key findings →

Evidence: low

Increased plasma levels of lipocalin 2 in mild cognitive impairment

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 43 out of 100. Journal of the neurological sciences 2011-04-03

MCI represents a prodromal stage of AD, and inflammation occurs as one of the earliest pathological events in AD. 5 key findings →

Design: clinical trial Participants: 62 Evidence: low

Our study shows that an intensive educational training and adaptation on non-invasive ventilation, when performed in a hospital multidisciplinary setting, increases compliance and tolerance over time, even in those patients with severe bulbar impairment. 2 key findings →

Participants: 37 Evidence: low

The form and distribution of senile plaques (SP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) has been examined in the brains of 13 patients with Down's syndrome (DS), aged less than or equal to 50 years, using immunocytochemical and silver staining procedures. 5 key findings →

Participants: 13 Evidence: low

The estimated incidence of iNPH in a community was higher than those estimated by previous studies where they collected patients at hospitals. 1 key finding →

Participants: 1,000 Evidence: low

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (60.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.6%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,032 records (3.8% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed