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Research

27,380 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 1–25 of 61 studies in Brain scans and imaging published 2012 (page 1 of 3) · 27,380 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Other subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 12,859 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

What “Brain scans and imaging” covers

Brain scans and imaging — MRI, PET and other scans: what they show, how early, and how reliably.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Diabetes in Older Adults: A Consensus Report

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 81 out of 100. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2012-10-25

More than 25% of the U.S. population aged ≥ 65 years has diabetes mellitus (hereafter referred to as diabetes),1 and the aging of the overall population is a significant driver of the diabetes epidemic. 5 key findings →

Design: meta-analysis Participants: 1,000 Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Cerebral microinfarcts: a systematic review of neuropathological studies

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 65 out of 100. Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 2012-01-11

Vascular cognitive impairment is an umbrella term for cognitive dysfunction associated with and presumed to be caused by vascular brain damage. 2 key findings →

Participants: 10,515 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Trajectory of white matter hyperintensity burden preceding mild cognitive impairment

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 63 out of 100. Neurology 2012-07-25

Acceleration in WMH burden, a common indicator of cerebrovascular disease in the elderly, is a pathologic change that emerges early in the presymptomatic phase leading to MCI. 2 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 134 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Vascular burden and Alzheimer disease pathologic progression

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 60 out of 100. Neurology 2012-09-12

Increased WMHs are associated with aging, decreased glucose metabolism, and decline in executive function but do not affect AD-specific pathologic progression, suggesting that the vascular contribution to dementia is probably additive although not necessarily independent of the amyloid pathway. 5 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Rates of decline in Alzheimer disease decrease with age

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. PloS one 2012-08-02

Age is the strongest risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD), yet the effects of age on rates of clinical decline and brain atrophy in AD have been largely unexplored. 2 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Participants: 723 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Apolipoprotein E ε4 and age effects on florbetapir positron emission tomography in healthy aging and Alzheimer disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100. Neurobiology of aging 2012-05-24

Cerebral amyloid deposition is associated with APOE4 carrier status in older healthy control subjects and symptomatic AD patients, and increases with age in older cognitively normal individuals. 3 key findings →

Participants: 245 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Small-animal PET imaging of amyloid-beta plaques with [11C]PiB and its multi-modal validation in an APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 56 out of 100. PloS one 2012-03-09

In vivo imaging and quantification of amyloid-β plaque (Aβ) burden in small-animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a valuable tool for translational research such as developing specific imaging markers and monitoring new therapy approaches. 4 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Prevalence, laterality, and comorbidity of hippocampal sclerosis in an autopsy sample

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 55 out of 100. Brain and behavior 2012-06-26

Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is a common and often asymmetric neuropathological finding among elderly persons who experience progressive memory loss, but its cause is unknown and it is rarely diagnosed during life. 1 key finding →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Evidence for astrocytosis in prodromal Alzheimer disease provided by 11C-deuterium-L-deprenyl: a multitracer PET paradigm combining 11C-Pittsburgh compound B and 18F-FDG

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine 2012-01-01

Increased (11)C-DED binding throughout the brain of the MCI (11)C-PIB+ patients potentially suggests that astrocytosis is an early phenomenon in AD development. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

FLAIR and diffusion MRI signals are independent predictors of white matter hyperintensities

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 2012-06-14

Stepwise decreases in WM integrity as measured by both DTI and FLAIR were independently associated with stepwise increases in WMH risk, emphasizing that these modalities may provide complementary information for understanding the time course of aging-associated WM degeneration. 3 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Resting metabolic connectivity in prodromal Alzheimer's disease. A European Alzheimer Disease Consortium (EADC) project

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Neurobiology of aging 2012-02-23

We explored resting-state metabolic connectivity in prodromal Alzheimer's disease (pAD) patients and in healthy controls (CTR), through a voxel-wise interregional correlation analysis of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) by means of statistical parametric mapping. 1 key finding →

Participants: 36 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Plasma long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and atrophy of the medial temporal lobe

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Neurology 2012-08-01

The long-chain ω-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are potential candidates for interventions to delay Alzheimer disease (AD), but evidence from clinical studies is mixed. 1 key finding →

Participants: 281 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Amyloid-β Imaging with Pittsburgh Compound B and Florbetapir: Comparing Radiotracers and Quantification Methods

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2012-11-19

PiB and florbetapir retention ratios were strongly associated in the same individuals, and this relationship was consistent across several data analysis methods, despite scan-rescan intervals of more than a year.

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Subjective cognition and amyloid deposition imaging: a Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography study in normal elderly individuals

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 52 out of 100. Archives of neurology 2012-02-01

A decrease of self-confidence about memory abilities in cognitively normal elderly subjects may be related to the neuropathological hallmark of AD measured with PiB-positron emission tomography. 5 key findings →

Design: cohort study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Activity dependent degeneration explains hub vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. PLoS computational biology 2012-08-16

Brain connectivity studies have revealed that highly connected 'hub' regions are particularly vulnerable to Alzheimer pathology: they show marked amyloid-β deposition at an early stage. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Increased cerebral metabolism after 1 year of deep brain stimulation in Alzheimer disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. Archives of neurology 2012-09-01

Increased connectivity after 1 year of DBS is observed, which is in contrast to the decreased connectivity observed over the course of AD. 2 key findings →

Design: open-label trial Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Microstructural white matter changes in cognitively normal individuals at risk of amnestic MCI

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. Neurology 2012-07-25

Microstructural white matter changes are present in cognitively normal individuals in the pre-aMCI stage, and may serve as a potential imaging marker of early AD-related brain changes. 1 key finding →

Participants: 193 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (60.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.6%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,032 records (3.8% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed