27,380 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.
Overall, 214,442 matched individuals initiated GLP-1 RAs or DPP4i (109,731 women, mean age 58.6 years [SD 12], and mean HbA1c 7.7% [1.4]). 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), originally developed for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, are increasingly recognized for their significant impact on the central nervous system, leading to reports of both beneficial and adverse mental health effects. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Overall, 12 489 patients initiating SGLT2 inhibitor treatment (51.9% dapagliflozin and 48.1% empagliflozin) and 1075 patients initiating dulaglutide treatment were included. 5 key findings →
Participants: 489 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
This mini-narrative review explores the relationship between diabetes and dementia, focusing on the potential mitigating role of metformin in reducing cognitive decline among individuals with type 2 diabetes. 1 key finding →
Design: longitudinal study Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Despite the increasing approval of antiamyloid antibodies for Alzheimer disease (AD), their clinical relevance and risk-benefit profile remain uncertain. 4 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis Participants: 21,236 Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
We determined the demographics and social drivers of health associated with utilization and initial adherence of these medications. 5 key findings →
Participants: 1,198,362 Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Methylthioninium (MT) is a tau aggregation inhibitor with therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease (AD). 1 key finding →
Design: clinical trial Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
In the general population, the use of statins, but not of non-statin cholesterol-lowering drugs, was associated with a lower risk of AD compared with never use of cholesterol-lowering drugs. 5 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional Participants: 6,992 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
In this cohort study, statin therapy was not associated with a decreased risk of dementia. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study Participants: 2,798 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
A lower incidence of dementia in bipolar patients treated with lithium has been described. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The pooled trial included 88,381 participants who received prescriptions for GLP-1 agonists (n = 12,351), DPP-4 inhibitors (n = 43,850), or sulfonylureas (n = 32,216) at baseline and were followed for an average of 4.3 years. 5 key findings →
Participants: 12,351 Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Therefore, respective software was developed in-house.8,9 Segmentation results are then analysed for potential associations with disease risks and to establish reference intervals of organ size and function.10 SHIP is also used as a basis for meta-research with a particular focus on incidental MRI findings and their effects on study participants.11,12 With its large amount of standardized data and the option to internally replicate findings from SHIP-START using data of the independent SHIP-TREND, the project offers good opportunities to apply new bioinformatical tools to mine the data and gain new insights into risk factors and pathomechanisms. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Mary Poppins famously asserted that "a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down," but this bon mot is likely wrong in almost every way. 1 key finding →
Design: meta-analysis Participants: 74,148 Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
Our two-sample MR analysis indicated that T2D is not associated with the risk of AD (OR: 1.03, CI: 0.99-1.08, P = 0.128). 5 key findings →
Participants: 455,017 Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Treatment options for Alzheimer disease (AD) are limited and have focused mainly on symptomatic therapy and improving quality of life. 4 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
Use of metformin, DPP4 inhibitors, GLP1 analogs and SGLT2 inhibitors was associated with lower risk of dementia in patients with diabetes. 3 key findings →
Design: case-control study Participants: 250 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The 2020 pipeline has innovations in clinical trials and treatment targets that provide hope for greater success in AD drug development programs. 2 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) were the most common adverse events reported in the phase 3 ENGAGE and EMERGE trials of aducanumab, an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody. 4 key findings →
Design: clinical trial Participants: 1,691 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
We sought to identify cognitive measures associated with the earliest detectable signs of emerging Aβ and tau pathology. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Preclinical evidence in transgenic models of Alzheimer's disease suggests that liraglutide exerts neuroprotective effects by reducing amyloid oligomers, normalising synaptic plasticity and cerebral glucose uptake, and increasing the proliferation of neuronal progenitor cells. 4 key findings →
Participants: 206 Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The increase in gray matter volume in these areas, which various neuroimaging and postmortem neuropathology studies have implicated in the neuropathophysiology of bipolar disorder, suggests that the observed effects may be linked to clinical response. 5 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study Participants: 28 Evidence: moderate
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Promoting successful cognitive aging is a topic of major importance to individuals and the field of public health. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Many drugs that target amyloid-β (Aβ) in Alzheimer disease (AD) have failed to demonstrate clinical efficacy. 4 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription
In animal models, the incretin hormone GLP-1 affects Alzheimer's disease (AD). 3 key findings →
Participants: 18 Evidence: high
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.
This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (60.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.6%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.
1,032 records (3.8% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.
See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →