In analyses that addressed bias due to reverse causation, physical inactivity was not associated with all-cause dementia or Alzheimer's disease, although an indication of excess dementia risk was observed in a subgroup of physically inactive individuals who developed cardiometabolic disease. 2 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Participants: 404
Evidence: high
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77/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 77 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2021-04-01
Among 10 095 participants (67.3% men; aged 35-55 years in 1985-1988), a total of 1710 cases of diabetes and 639 cases of dementia were recorded over a median follow-up of 31.7 years. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 95
Evidence: moderate
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Over a long period of observation, no evidence was found that a specific AHM drug class was more effective than others in lowering risk of dementia. 4 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Participants: 31
Evidence: high
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73/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 73 out of 100.
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JAMA neurology
·
2020-06-01
Of 157 participants initially assessed, 137 were enrolled in the Age-Well clinical trial, and 127 were analyzed in this study. 5 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 157
Evidence: high
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During 1 110 831 person-years at risk, we recorded 245 573 hospitalisations in the Finnish cohorts; the corresponding numbers in the UK study were 60 946 hospitalisations in 186 572 person-years. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 9,838
Evidence: moderate
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The association between BMI and dementia is likely to be attributable to two different processes: a harmful effect of higher BMI, which is observable in long follow-up, and a reverse-causation effect that makes a higher BMI to appear protective when the follow-up is short. 1 key finding →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 6,894
Evidence: moderate
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This study found no evidence of a neuroprotective effect of physical activity. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 329
Evidence: moderate
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The overall conversion rate from iRBD to an overt neurodegenerative syndrome was 6.3% per year, with 73.5% converting after 12-year follow-up. 5 key findings →
Participants: 1,280
Evidence: moderate
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Midlife and late-life risk factors contributed to 22.7% and 16.5% of total dementia cases, respectively. 5 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Participants: 37,931
Evidence: high
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72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
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Neurology
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2007-11-01
Frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables, fish, and omega-3 rich oils may decrease the risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease, especially among ApoE epsilon 4 noncarriers. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 8,085
Evidence: moderate
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Adherence to the Life Simple 7 ideal cardiovascular health recommendations in midlife was associated with a lower risk of dementia later in life. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 7,899
Evidence: moderate
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71/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100.
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PLoS Medicine
·
2019-08-02
More frequent social contact at age 60 years was associated with lower dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR] for each SD higher social contact frequency = 0.88 [95% CI 0.79, 0.98], p = 0.02); effect size of the association of social contact at 50 or 70 years with dementia was similar (0.92 [95% CI 0.83, 1.02], p = 0.13 and 0.91 [95% CI 0.78, 1.06], p = 0.23, respectively) but not statistically significant. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 10,228
Evidence: moderate
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Sleep dysregulation is a feature of dementia but it remains unclear whether sleep duration prior to old age is associated with dementia incidence. 4 key findings →
Participants: 7,959
Evidence: low
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70/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 70 out of 100.
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JAMA psychiatry
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2017-07-01
Those reporting depressive symptoms in 1985 (mean follow-up, 27 years) did not have significantly increased risk for dementia (hazard ratio [HR], 1.21; 95% CI, 0.95-1.54) in Cox regression adjusted for sociodemographic covariates, health behaviors, and chronic conditions. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 322
Evidence: moderate
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Cancer survivors had a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease than those without cancer, and patients with Alzheimer's disease had a lower risk of incident cancer. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 1,278
Evidence: moderate
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69/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2023-05-31
Overall, we showed that SDB was associated with MTL atrophy in cognitively asymptomatic older adults engaged in the Alzheimer continuum, which may increase the risk of developing memory impairment over time. 3 key findings →
Design: randomized controlled trial
Participants: 122
Evidence: high
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Among participants in the Framingham Heart Study, the incidence of dementia has declined over the course of three decades. 3 key findings →
Participants: 5,205
Evidence: low
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69/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 69 out of 100.
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JAMA
·
2009-08-01
Higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with slower MMSE cognitive decline but not consistently with other cognitive tests. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 99
Evidence: moderate
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Of 31 624 156 adults discharged from French hospitals between 2008 and 2013, 1 109 343 were diagnosed with dementia and were included in the analyses. 2 key findings →
Design: retrospective cohort
Participants: 156
Evidence: moderate
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67/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 67 out of 100.
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PLoS medicine
·
2017-03-28
Fasting lipid fractions (triglycerides [TGs], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], total cholesterol [TC]) were studied as continuous variables, and results are reported per SD increase of each lipid fraction. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 9,294
Evidence: moderate
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66/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 66 out of 100.
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BMC public health
·
2015-10-24
We observed a complex series of relationships between social-environment variables and cognitive decline and dementia. 3 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 2,854
Evidence: moderate
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Dementia occurs in at least 10% of patients within 1 year after stroke. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 218
Evidence: moderate
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Female participants had a lower hazard of early-onset dementia compared with males (HR 0·70 [95% CI 0·61-0·80]). 4 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 544,442
Evidence: high
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Alongside APOE ε4, iPRS-DEM may refine risk stratification for the enrichment of dementia clinical trials and prevention programs. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 241,935
Evidence: moderate
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This is the first study to show that WM integrity is associated with frailty in older adults. 3 key findings →
Design: cross-sectional
Participants: 227
Evidence: high
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How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor,
and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a
scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the
difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself,
so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
- Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
- Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we
could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be
worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science,
Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed
journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the
tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a
missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores
zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and
the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed
article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or
a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not
work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by
that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is
reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out →
— four charts covering all 30,580 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap
bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on
stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.