Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Newest in this topic

  1. Blood phosphorylated tau for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis 2025-09-01
  2. Synaptic loss pattern is constrained by brain connectome and modulated by phosphorylated tau in Alzheimer's disease 2025-07-10
  3. The Associations of Phosphorylated Tau 181 and Tau 231 Levels in Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid with Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2024-01-01

Studies

13 studies carry this tag.

Date range

2010 to 2025

Top journals

  • Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2
  • Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 1
  • Annals of neurology 1
  • Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 1
  • Brain : a journal of neurology 1

12 journals in all.

Newest first, then by address. Each study has a usefulness score out of 100 (rubric version 4.0); tap a score to see what makes it up. Tags were assigned automatically from each study's title and summary. The same studies as a filter in the library.

  1. Blood phosphorylated tau for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100. The Lancet. Neurology 2025-09-01 Biomarkers

    Plasma p-tau217 was the highest-performing biomarker for identifying biologically defined Alzheimer's disease, with pooled sensitivity of 88·1% (95% CI 86·7-89·5, moderate certainty of evidence), specificity of 88·7% (87·4-89·9, moderate certainty of evidence), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 91·1% (88·9-92·4, moderate certainty of evidence), and diagnostic odds ratio of 50·7 (40·6-63·4). p-tau181 pooled sensitivity was 80·5% (78·4-82·4, low certainty of evidence), specificity was 76·4% (74·1-78·6, low certainty of evidence), AUROC was 81·5% (80·2-82·9, low certainty of evidence), and diagnostic odds ratio was 13·4 (11·4-16·7). p-tau205 pooled sensitivity was 76·6% (70·7-81·6, moderate certainty of evidence), specificity was 86·0% (78·6-91·2, moderate certainty of evidence), AUROC was 85·1% (80·7-89·6, moderate certainty of evidence), and diagnostic odds ratio was 20·2 (10·5-38·7). p-tau212 pooled sensitivity was 84·5% (75·5-90·6, moderate certainty of evidence), specificity was 87·3% (79·5-92·5, moderate certainty of evidence), AUROC was 90·3% (86·6-94·1, moderate certainty of evidence), and diagnostic odds ratio was 41·2 (22·0-77·3). p-tau231 pooled sensitivity was 75·2% (71·3-78·8, moderate certainty of evidence), specificity was 75·3% (71·2-78·9, moderate certainty of evidence), AUROC was 80·2 (77·6-82·7, moderate certainty of evidence), and diagnostic odds ratio was 9·3 (7·0-12·2).

  2. Synaptic loss pattern is constrained by brain connectome and modulated by phosphorylated tau in Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 48 out of 100. Nature communications 2025-07-10 Biomarkers

    Synaptic loss strongly correlates with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet the mechanism linking its origin and pattern remain unclear.

  3. The Associations of Phosphorylated Tau 181 and Tau 231 Levels in Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid with Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2024-01-01 Biomarkers

    CSF p-tau181 and p-tau231 biomarkers distinguished AD, MCI, and healthy populations.

  4. Ante-mortem plasma phosphorylated tau (181) predicts Alzheimer's disease neuropathology and regional tau at autopsy

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Brain : a journal of neurology 2022-10-01 Biomarkers

    Blood-based biomarkers such as tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (phosphorylated-tau181) represent an accessible, cost-effective and scalable approach for the in vivo detection of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology.

  5. Elevated Plasma Phosphorylated Tau 181 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 57 out of 100. Annals of neurology 2022-08-17 Biomarkers

    We found strong evidence that plasma p-tau 181 is elevated in ALS and may be a novel marker specific to LMN dysfunction.

  6. Development of a biosensor for phosphorylated Tau 181 protein detection in Early-Stage Alzheimer's disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 40 out of 100. Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2022-01-14 Biomarkers

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly, and there are still no reliable methods for its early detection.

  7. Blood Phosphorylated Tau 181 as a Biomarker for Amyloid Burden on Brain PET in Cognitively Healthy Adults

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 2022-01-01 Biomarkers

    In cognitively unimpaired adults, elevated plasma p-tau181 is associated with future increased Aβ deposition across multiple brain regions.

  8. Plasma levels of phosphorylated tau 181 are associated with cerebral metabolic dysfunction in cognitively impaired and amyloid-positive individuals

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 66 out of 100. Brain communications 2021-04-15 Biomarkers

    Alzheimer's disease biomarkers are primarily evaluated through MRI, PET and CSF methods in order to diagnose and monitor disease.

  9. Ultrasensitive assays for detection of plasma tau and phosphorylated tau 181 in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100. Translational neurodegeneration 2021-03-12 Biomarkers

    A lack of convenient and reliable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis is a common challenge for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  10. Platelet Amyloid-β Protein Precursor (AβPP) Ratio and Phosphorylated Tau as Promising Indicators for Early Alzheimer's Disease

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 66 out of 100. The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences 2020-03-01 Biomarkers

    To identify whether platelet amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) ratio, phosphorylated-tau (P-tau) 231, P-tau181, and serine 396 and 404 (Ser396/404) phosphorylated tau are potential peripheral indicators for early Alzheimer's disease (AD).

  11. Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated tau231 as a biomarker in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 47 out of 100. CNS neuroscience & therapeutics 2018-02-17 Biomarkers

    These results indicate that FS (p-tau231 and MMSE) has a strong potential to provide an early distinction between AD and VaD.

  12. Alzheimer's disease biomarker-guided diagnostic workflow using the added value of six combined cerebrospinal fluid candidates: Aβ1-42, total-tau, phosphorylated-tau, NFL, neurogranin, and YKL-40

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2018-01-09 Biomarkers

    Novel and established cerebrospinal fluid markers perform with at least fair accuracy in the discrimination between ADD and FTD.

  13. Phosphorylated tau 231, memory decline and medial temporal atrophy in normal elders

    ✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 59 out of 100. Neurobiology of aging 2010-02-04 Biomarkers

    Little is known whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) can predict both memory decline and associated longitudinal medial temporal lobe (MTL) gray matter (GM) reductions in cognitively healthy individuals.

All topic tags with their study counts