Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

This page is alzhub.org's plain-English summary of a published study, not the paper itself. It is generated from the record we hold for this study, sourced and linked below — check the original for the full text and methods.

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 53 out of 100. Tau biomarkers

Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models

Objective Whereas Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with inner retina thinning visualized by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), we sought to determine if the retina has a distinguishing biomarker for frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). Methods Using a cross-sectional design, we examined retinal structure in 38 consecutively enrolled patients with FTD and 44 controls using a standard SD-OCT protocol. Retinal layers were segmented with the Iowa Reference Algorithm.

Key findings

Why it matters

Using optical coherence tomography, this cross-sectional study compared retinal structure in 38 patients with frontotemporal degeneration and 44 controls. It concerns a possible retinal marker for frontotemporal degeneration, not the treatment, cure, or prevention of Alzheimer's disease.

Study details

How this study scored 53/100
How this study's score is builtJournal tier 9 of 10; Journal's citation record 4 of 4; Study design 4 of 12; Strength of evidence 1 of 5; Peer-review validation 10 of 10; How recent 2 of 5; Sample size 1 of 4; Effect reported 0 of 3; Studied in people 3 of 3; Randomised / blinded 0 of 2; Times cited 4 of 7; Citations per year 2 of 5; Impact for its field and year 2 of 6; Cited by studies here 1 of 6; Still being cited 2 of 4; Senior author's track record 4 of 4; Institution's track record 2 of 3; Multi-centre collaboration 0 of 3; Indexed in PubMed 2 of 2; Free to read 0 of 2. Total 53 of 100.53 of 100 points earned47 not earned

Published in a leading specialty journal, and it is a snapshot of people at one point in time. Scored zero for effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it.

ComponentPointsWhy
Journal tier 9 / 10 Tier 2 — leading specialty journal (Neurology)
Journal's citation record 4 / 4 Neurology: journal h-index 525 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29)
Study design 4 / 12 A snapshot of people at one point in time
Strength of evidence 1 / 5 Rated “low” in our summary
Peer-review validation 10 / 10 Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal.
How recent 2 / 5 2017 — within 10 year(s) of the newest study here
Sample size 1 / 4 46 participants
Effect reported 0 / 3 No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Studied in people 3 / 3 Studied in people (participant count stated)
Randomised / blinded 0 / 2 No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0)
Times cited 4 / 7 Cited 57 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10)
Citations per year 2 / 5 5.2 citations a year over 11 year(s) since 2017
Impact for its field and year 2 / 6 Cited 2.2× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI)
Cited by studies here 1 / 6 Cited by 2 other studies in this library
Still being cited 2 / 4 Cited 20 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex)
Senior author's track record 4 / 4 Last-listed author Murray Grossman: h-index 119 (OpenAlex, whole career)
Institution's track record 2 / 3 University of Pennsylvania: institution h-index 1,859 (OpenAlex)
Multi-centre collaboration 0 / 3 OpenAlex lists 1 institution(s) in 1 country — scores zero (affiliation lists can be incomplete)
Indexed in PubMed 2 / 2 Indexed in PubMed (PMID 28887373)
Free to read 0 / 2 Behind a paywall — scores zero
Total 53 / 100 —

What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →

Read the original

Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).

Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris

Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record's author list ends in “et al.”, so not every author is named. Check the citation against the original before you use it.

APA 7th

Kim, B. J., Irwin, D. J., Song, D., Daniel, E., Leveque, J. D., Raquib, A. R., et al. (2017). Optical coherence tomography identifies outer retina thinning in frontotemporal degeneration. Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004500

Vancouver

Kim BJ, Irwin DJ, Song D, Daniel E, Leveque JD, Raquib AR, et al. Optical coherence tomography identifies outer retina thinning in frontotemporal degeneration. Neurology. 2017. doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000004500. PMID: 28887373.

BibTeX

@article{kim2017-28887373,
  author  = {Kim, B. J. and Irwin, D. J. and Song, D. and Daniel, E. and Leveque, J. D. and Raquib, A. R. and Pan, W. and Ying, G. S. and others},
  title   = {{Optical coherence tomography identifies outer retina thinning in frontotemporal degeneration}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000004500},
  pmid    = {28887373},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004500}
}

Studies this one cites

Referenced by this study and also in the alzhub library, so you can read them here.

Later studies that cite this one

2 studies in the alzhub library list this one in their references.

Related studies in Tau biomarkers

Similar studies

More on Tau biomarkers

See all studies in Tau biomarkers →