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Heterogeneous expression of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐2 on adult murine microglia
Christoph D. Schmid, Lauren N. Sautkulis, Patria E. Danielson, Judith Cooper, Karl W. Hasel, Brian S. Hilbush, J. Gregor Sutcliffe, Monica J. Carson. Journal of Neurochemistry, 2002-12-01
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Microglial activation is an early and common feature of almost all neuropathologies, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and mechanical injury. To better understand the relative contributions microglia make toward neurodegeneration and neuroprotection, we used TOGA(R) to identify molecules expressed by microglia and regulated by inflammatory signals. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM-2) was among the mRNAs identified as being expressed by unactivated microglia, but down-regulated by lipopolysaccharide/interferon gamma. In the healthy CNS, not all microglia expressed TREM-2. Microglial expression of TREM-2 varied not only between brain regions but also within each brain region. Brain regions with an incomplete blood-brain barrier had the lowest percentages of TREM-2- expressing microglia, whereas the lateral entorhinal and cingulate cortex had the highest percentages. A novel form of TREM-2b that lacked a transmembrane domain was detected, perhaps indicating a soluble form of the protein. Taken together, these data suggest that (1) subsets of microglia are specialized to respond to defined extracellular signals; and (2) regional variations in TREM-2 expression may contribute to the varying sensitivities of different brain regions to similar pathological signals.
Why it matters
In adult mice, not all microglia expressed TREM-2, and the share varied between and within brain regions. The authors suggest these regional differences may help explain why brain regions differ in sensitivity to the same harmful signals.
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How this study scored 45/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on strength of evidence, so that was left out: it earned 43 of the 95 points we could judge it on, which is 45 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Journal of Neurochemistry) |
| Journal's citation record | 3 / 4 | Journal of Neurochemistry: journal h-index 349 (OpenAlex, 2026-10-29) |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | — / 5 | No evidence rating recorded — left out of this score |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2002 — older than 20 years, still counted |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Laboratory or animal study (title names “murine”) — scores zero |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | 6 / 7 | Cited 354 times (OpenAlex, 2026-10-10) |
| Citations per year | 3 / 5 | 13.6 citations a year over 26 year(s) since 2002 |
| Impact for its field and year | 3 / 6 | Cited 4.2× the average for papers of its field and year (OpenAlex FWCI) |
| Cited by studies here | 0 / 6 | No other study in this library cites it |
| Still being cited | 2 / 4 | Cited 45 times in 2024–2026 (2026 still in progress; OpenAlex) |
| Senior author's track record | 2 / 4 | Last-listed author Monica J. Carson: h-index 42 (OpenAlex, whole career) |
| Institution's track record | 1 / 3 | Scripps Research Institute: institution h-index 1,076 (OpenAlex) |
| Multi-centre collaboration | 1 / 3 | OpenAlex lists 2 institution(s) in 2 countries |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 12472885) |
| Free to read | 2 / 2 | Free to read |
| Points | 43 / 95 | Scored on 19 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 43 of the 95 points we could judge it on is 45 out of 100. |
| Total | 45 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
Read the original
- DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01243.x
- PubMed: 12472885
- Original source →
- Free full text: PubMed Central →
Full text: free to read — OpenAlex lists this copy as free to read: the link above (checked 6 Feb 1020).
Cite this study APA, Vancouver, BibTeX · download .bib or .ris
Built from the record alzhub holds for this paper, not looked up. Volume, issue and page numbers are not held in the record. The record names 8 authors; APA and Vancouver show the first six, BibTeX and the downloads carry all of them. Check the citation against the original before you use it.
APA 7th
Schmid, C. D., Sautkulis, L. N., Danielson, P. E., Cooper, J., Hasel, K. W., Hilbush, B. S., et al. (2002). Heterogeneous expression of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐2 on adult murine microglia. Journal of Neurochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01243.x
Vancouver
Schmid CD, Sautkulis LN, Danielson PE, Cooper J, Hasel KW, Hilbush BS, et al. Heterogeneous expression of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐2 on adult murine microglia. Journal of Neurochemistry. 2002. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01243.x. PMID: 12472885.
BibTeX
@article{schmid2002-12472885,
author = {Schmid, Christoph D. and Sautkulis, Lauren N. and Danielson, Patria E. and Cooper, Judith and Hasel, Karl W. and Hilbush, Brian S. and Sutcliffe, J. Gregor and Carson, Monica J.},
title = {{Heterogeneous expression of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐2 on adult murine microglia}},
journal = {Journal of Neurochemistry},
year = {2002},
doi = {10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01243.x},
pmid = {12472885},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01243.x}
}