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Exposure to enriched environment restores the survival and differentiation of new born cells in the hippocampus and ameliorates depressive symptoms in chronically stressed rats
Veena J, Srikumar BN, Raju TR, Shankaranarayana Rao BS.. Neuroscience letters, 2009-03-21
Topic: Brain proteins, microglia and lab models
Chronic stress decreases neurogenesis in the adult brain, while exposure to enriched environment (EE) increases it. Recent studies demonstrate the ability of EE to ameliorate stress-induced behavioral deficits. Whether a restored neurogenesis contributes to these effects of EE is unknown. Recently, we demonstrated that EE following restraint stress restores cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus (DG), hippocampal volume and learning. In the current study, we examine the effects of EE following stress on survival and differentiation of the progenitor cells in the DG and behavioral depression using the forced swim test (FST) and sucrose consumption test (SCT). Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to 21 days of restraint stress followed by housing in either standard or enriched conditions (10 days, 6h/day). Survival and differentiation of BrdU-labeled cells were evaluated 31 days post-BrdU administration. Stress decreased the survival and differentiation of progenitor cells, which was ameliorated by EE. Also the percentage of BrdU-ir cells that did not co-localize with NeuN or S100beta was significantly greater in the stressed rats and was restored by EE. Stress increased immobility in FST and decreased sucrose preference in the SCT, and these behaviors were ameliorated by EE. Adult neurogenesis is thought to be linked to learning and memory and in mediating antidepressant effect. Taken together with our earlier report that EE restores stress-induced impairment in learning and cytogenesis, the current results indicate that the reversal of adult neurogenesis could be one of the mechanisms involved in the amelioration of stress-induced deficits.
Key findings
- Recently, we demonstrated that EE following restraint stress restores cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus (DG), hippocampal volume and learning.
- Also the percentage of BrdU-ir cells that did not co-localize with NeuN or S100beta was significantly greater in the stressed rats and was restored by EE.
- Taken together with our earlier report that EE restores stress-induced impairment in learning and cytogenesis, the current results indicate that the reversal of adult neurogenesis could be one of the mechanisms involved in the amelioration of stress-induced deficits.
Study details
- Evidence strengthLow
How this study scored 36/100
Published in a peer-reviewed journal. Scored zero for study design, sample size, effect reported and randomised / blinded because the record does not state it. We have no data on journal's citation record, times cited, citations per year, impact for its field and year, cited by studies here, still being cited, senior author's track record, institution's track record and multi-centre collaboration, so those were left out: it earned 21 of the 58 points we could judge it on, which is 36 out of 100.
| Component | Points | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Journal tier | 7 / 10 | Tier 3 — peer-reviewed journal (Neuroscience letters) |
| Journal's citation record | — / 4 | No journal record from OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Study design | 0 / 12 | No study design recorded — scores zero, not guessed (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Strength of evidence | 1 / 5 | Rated “low” in our summary |
| Peer-review validation | 10 / 10 | Peer-reviewed. Published as an article in a named peer-reviewed journal. |
| How recent | 1 / 5 | 2009 — within 20 year(s) of the newest study here |
| Sample size | 0 / 4 | Participant count not stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Effect reported | 0 / 3 | No effect size reported — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Studied in people | 0 / 3 | Laboratory or animal study (title names “rats”) — scores zero |
| Randomised / blinded | 0 / 2 | No randomisation or blinding stated — scores zero (not stated in the record — scored 0) |
| Times cited | — / 7 | No citation count (not found in OpenAlex) — left out of this score |
| Citations per year | — / 5 | No citation count or no year — left out of this score |
| Impact for its field and year | — / 6 | No field-weighted citation impact (OpenAlex has none yet) — left out of this score |
| Cited by studies here | — / 6 | Not yet checked against this library's citation graph — left out of this score |
| Still being cited | — / 4 | No yearly citation counts — left out of this score |
| Senior author's track record | — / 4 | Senior author's record not available — left out of this score |
| Institution's track record | — / 3 | No institution listed in OpenAlex — left out of this score |
| Multi-centre collaboration | — / 3 | Institutions not listed — left out of this score |
| Indexed in PubMed | 2 / 2 | Indexed in PubMed (PMID 19429116) |
| Free to read | 0 / 2 | Behind a paywall — scores zero |
| Points | 21 / 58 | Scored on 11 of 20 parts. We have no data for the rest, so they are left out: 21 of the 58 points we could judge it on is 36 out of 100. |
| Total | 36 / 100 | — |
What each of these 20 components measures, and what this score is not →
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APA 7th
Veena, J., Srikumar, B. N., Raju, T. R., & Shankaranarayana Rao, B. S. (2009). Exposure to enriched environment restores the survival and differentiation of new born cells in the hippocampus and ameliorates depressive symptoms in chronically stressed rats. Neuroscience letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.059
Vancouver
Veena J, Srikumar BN, Raju TR, Shankaranarayana Rao BS. Exposure to enriched environment restores the survival and differentiation of new born cells in the hippocampus and ameliorates depressive symptoms in chronically stressed rats. Neuroscience letters. 2009. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.059. PMID: 19429116.
BibTeX
@article{veena2009-19429116,
author = {Veena, J. and Srikumar, B. N. and Raju, T. R. and Shankaranarayana Rao, B. S.},
title = {{Exposure to enriched environment restores the survival and differentiation of new born cells in the hippocampus and ameliorates depressive symptoms in chronically stressed rats}},
journal = {Neuroscience letters},
year = {2009},
doi = {10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.059},
pmid = {19429116},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.059}
}
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