MetS and cognitive decline share common cardiometabolic pathways as MetS components can trigger cognitive impairment. 5 key findings →
Design: narrative review Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Research
28,180 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a set of cardio-metabolic risk factors that includes central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemias. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The fructose survival hypothesis proposes that obesity and metabolic disorders may have developed from over-stimulation of an evolutionary-based biologic response (survival switch) that aims to protect animals in advance of crisis. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
With rapid aging of the population worldwide, the number of people with dementia is dramatically increasing. 2 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Alzheimer's disease and insulin resistance are prevalent in older adults. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) were widely described as related to dementia. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with significant socioeconomic burden worldwide. 3 key findings →
Design: narrative review Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is often comorbid with other pathologies. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a priority health problem with a high cost to society and a large consumption of medical and social resources. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Obesity is a global health problem with a broad set of comorbidities, such as malnutrition, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, systemic hypertension, heart failure, and kidney failure. 2 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main type of dementia and is a disease with a profound socioeconomic burden due to the lack of effective treatment. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Evidence from epidemiological studies on the general population suggests that midlife cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia later in life. 4 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Cognitive impairment has become an important aspect affecting the health and quality of life of middle-aged and elderly people, which is defined as the difficulty of thought processing and leads to memory loss, difficulties making decisions, the inability to concentrate, and difficulties learning. 4 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The study of factors, across species, that allow some individuals to age more successfully than others has important implications for individual wellbeing as well as health education, policy and intervention. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Post-stroke cognitive deficits and dementia Abstract. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Cognitive reserve is characterized by a dissociation between cognitive level and brain structure, thereby reducing the impact of deteriorating brain structure on cognitive function. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
This study aimed to explore the moderating effects of the frequently used cognitive reserve (CR) proxies [i.e., education, premorbid intelligence quotient (pIQ), occupational complexity (OC), and lifetime cognitive activity (LCA)] on the relationships between various in vivo Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies and cognition. 2 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
In the absence of effective treatments for dementia, maintaining cognitive health in old age is one of the major challenges facing aging societies. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The loss of olfactory stimulation correlates well with at least 68 widely differing neurological disorders, including depression, and we raise the possibility that this relationship may be causal. 4 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Compared to healthy controls, patients with FTD showed glucose hypometabolism in bilateral frontal and temporal brain areas whereas cognition was only associated with deteriorated glucose metabolism in the left temporal lobe. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability to preserve cognitive functions in the presence of brain pathology. 2 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
41/100
Cognitively stimulating environments are thought to be protective of cognitive decline and onset of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) through the development of cognitive reserve (CR). 2 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Evidence supports the concept of reserve, which can be influenced by experiences in every stage of life. 2 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Both reserve measures were associated with cognitive trajectories [β × time (top tertile, ref.: bottom tertile) = 0.013; 95% CI: -0.126, -0.004 (residual-based) and 0.011; 95% CI: -0.001, 0.024, (activity-based)]. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Where “Free full text” comes from
Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read
How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
- Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
- Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 28,180 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.
What this library is — and isn't
This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 28,180 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (61.7% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.1%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.
1,034 records (3.7% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.
See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →