Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Find studies

Showing 6,126–6,150 of 7,999 studies · tagged Brain Biology (page 246 of 320) · 29,380 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Download bibliography of the first 500 of these studies, in this order: BibTeX (.bib) · RIS (.ris)

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is age-related neurodegenerative disorder recognized by a steadily gradual cognitive decline that has devastating personal and socioeconomic implications. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Macrophage autophagy defect is closely related to the progression of atherosclerosis (AS) and is regulated by the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (TREM2). 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD) is a rare autosomal recessive leukoencephalopathy caused by a loss-of-function mutation of either TYROBP ( DAP12 ) or TREM2 expressed in microglia. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

These results suggest that NP03 may function to slow the AD-like pathology in part by modifying oxidative/nitrosative damage and neuroinflammation, raising the possibility that low doses of microencapsulated lithium might be of therapeutic-preventive value during very early or preclinical AD. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Striking while the iron is hot: Iron metabolism and ferroptosis in neurodegeneration

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 38 out of 100. Free radical biology & medicine 2018-09-25

Perturbations in iron homeostasis and iron accumulation feature in several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Well-established studies have shown an elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that induces oxidative stress in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) patient's brain and an animal model of AD. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Conditional double knock-out of presenilin-1 (PS1) and presenilin-2 (PS2) (PS cDKO) in forebrain of mice led to progressive memory dysfunction and forebrain degeneration. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Activation of astrocytes has been known to be associated with amyloid-beta (Abeta) deposit and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that lead to neuronal cell death in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic age-related neurodegenerative disease characterized by degeneration of the central cholinergic neurons, inflammation and oxidative stress in the basal forebrain, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Although significant effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on glial cells are well documented, information on the expression level and localization of glial IFN-gamma receptors (IFN-gamma-R) in the human central nervous system (CNS) is sparse. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

An anti-tau monoclonal antibody tau-2 was demonstrated to react with the cells which characteristically appeared in the subcortical nuclei of certain neurodegenerative disorders. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Astrocytes are specialized glial cells that are essential components of the neurovascular unit (NVU) and are involved in neurodevelopment, brain maintenance and repair, and neurodegeneration. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

This study aimed to analyze whether taurine has a nootropic effect on short-term and long-term memory in a model of sporadic dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT). 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

We demonstrate that a supernumerary chromosome 21 causes Inhibition of Neuroectodermal DIfferentiation (INDI) of pluripotent ES cells. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits distinct biochemical and histopathological attributes, encompassing cellular, neuronal, and oxidative impairment. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common non-lethal genetic condition that affects approximately 1 in 700 births in the United States of America. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

A major component of amyloid deposits found in Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome is the beta/A4 peptide, which is derived from the Alzheimer amyloid protein precursor (APP). 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Cerebral amyloidosis: postmortem detection with human 7.0-T MR imaging system

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Radiology 2009-09-29

The finding of postmortem susceptibility-weighted changes in the cerebral cortex of patients with cerebral amyloidosis with a human 7.0-T MR imaging system opens up the possibility of obtaining in vivo radiologic evidence of cerebral amyloid beta deposition. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

The t-complex polypeptide 1 is a selective molecular chaperone in tubulin biogenesis, by that nascent tubulin subunits are bound to t-complex polypeptide 1 and released in assembly competent forms. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Modulation of blood-brain barrier permeability

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Journal of drug targeting 1996-01-01

Genetic and other defects leading to brain changes in Down syndrome, Alzheimer disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington disease, Gaucher disease, hypertension and other disorders are rapidly being identified. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons play an important role in cognitive functions such as learning and memory, and they are affected in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

From across this tag

10 of the 7,975 studies in this tag that have a study page, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.

↑ Change the filters

Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 29,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 29,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (63.3% of the library) and OpenAlex (17.3%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,037 records (3.5% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 964 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed