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Free to read, “May need a subscription” and “Archived copy”: what they mean

Whether an article is free to read is a guess, not a test of your access. Each item is one of three:

  • No label: free to read (303 of 347). The publisher’s page marks it free, or the outlet publishes free to read: Medical Xpress, ScienceDaily, NIH (incl. NIA and PMC), Alzheimer's Association, Alzheimer's News Today, NPR, Alzheimer's Disease International, or a .gov site.
  • May need a subscription (11 of 347). The publisher’s own page marks the article as not free to read, or — when the page says nothing — the outlet sells subscriptions: The New York Times, STAT, Scientific American, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, The Economist, Bloomberg, The Atlantic, The New Yorker, Wired, Los Angeles Times, The Boston Globe, The Times, The Telegraph, New Scientist, Endpoints News, Science. Each badge says which.
  • “Free to read? Not known” (33 of 347). The outlet is on neither list and its page said nothing. We do not call these paywalled.

Archived copy links go to a copy the Internet Archive (web.archive.org) saved, dated the day it was saved. We show one only where the Internet Archive reported a working saved copy when we checked; an archived copy of a subscription article sometimes shows only its opening. 265 of 347 items have one.

Researchers identify connection between pulmonary hypertension and cognitive impairment

Medical Xpress Research

University of Pittsburgh and UPMC researcher-clinicians have uncovered why many pulmonary hypertension patients report symptoms of cognitive decline.

Read at Medical Xpress →

Nurse-led program shown to improve midlife dementia risk profiles in new study

Medical Xpress Research

New research led by Monash University shows a multi-domain dementia risk reduction program delivered by general practice nurses can improve estimated dementia profiles in middle-aged adults, offering a practical new model for proactive brain health.

Read at Medical Xpress →

Low-dose aspirin linked to 70% lower dementia risk, but there's a catch

ScienceDaily Research

A common, inexpensive medication could hold an unexpected clue to preventing dementia. Researchers found that older adults with a specific genetic profile had a 70% lower relative risk of dementia when taking low-dose aspirin…

Read at ScienceDaily →

Tuberculosis vaccine's link to reduced dementia risk gains mechanistic support

Medical Xpress Research

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), a vaccine widely used to prevent tuberculosis and treat bladder cancer, may also have properties that reduce the risk for dementia, according to new findings in a study of mice. …

Read at Medical Xpress →

Napping and Dementia Risk; Autism Paper Concern; First NASCAR Driver With CTE

MedPage Today Research

(MedPage Today) -- Unintentional napping was associated with a higher incidence of possible or probable dementia, data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study showed. (Journals of Gerontology: Series A) Multiple vascular risk factors and...

Free to read? Not known for this outlet.

Read at MedPage Today → Archived copy (22 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Greenspace in the immediate surroundings of the home linked to lower dementia risk

Medical Xpress Research

Urban residents with more greenery within 100 meters (328 feet) of their homes have a 20% lower risk of developing dementia over time, according to a new study from Stockholm University and Karolinska Institute that followed nearly 3,000 older adults for 16 years. …

Read at Medical Xpress →

Napping linked to dementia risk

Medical Xpress Research

Your napping habits might be a warning flag for dementia, a new study says.

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (17 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Epilepsy associated with increased risk of dementia before age 65

Medical Xpress Research

People with epilepsy may be more likely to develop young-onset dementia than people without epilepsy, according to a study published in Neurology. Young-onset dementia, sometimes called early-onset dementia, develops before age 65. …

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (15 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Life-course clinical obesity linked to signs of brain health changes in midlife

Medical Xpress Research

New research from the Bogalusa Heart Study has found that greater exposure to clinical obesity during young adulthood is associated with a greater burden of white matter changes in the brain by midlife…

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (8 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Health records link ADHD to more than fourfold higher risk of later cognitive impairment

Medical Xpress Research

A new study led by University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine researchers finds that adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) face a significantly higher risk of developing dementia or mild cognitive impairment later in life. …

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (9 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Brain Damage After Anesthesia; Obesity and Dementia; Alan Alda's Parkinson's Disease

MedPage Today Research

(MedPage Today) -- The Atlantic profiled the case of a teen boy who went into surgery for his broken arm and emerged with brain damage. Certain language patterns during memory tests were associated with cognitive impairment in a study of digital...

Free to read? Not known for this outlet.

Read at MedPage Today → Archived copy (7 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Trial testing cholesterol-lowering med as potential Alzheimer’s intervention

Alzheimer's News Today Research

NewAmsterdam Pharma has dosed the first participant in a large mid-stage clinical trial assessing the safety and effectiveness of its cholesterol-lowering treatment candidate obicetrapib as a potential aid for people with preclinical Alzheimer’s disease. …

Read at Alzheimer's News Today →

Your gut may be making a molecule that raises Alzheimer’s risk

ScienceDaily Research

Scientists have linked a gut bacterial compound called ImP to greater Alzheimer’s risk, harmful brain protein buildup, and faster cognitive decline. The finding raises the possibility that reducing ImP in the blood could one day help slow or prevent dementia.

Read at ScienceDaily → Archived copy (9 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Transient ischemic attack associated with higher dementia risk

Healio Research

People who experienced transient ischemic attack had a higher risk for developing dementia than those who did not have one, and dementia rates in these patients were three times higher than stroke rates over the long term, according to researchers. …

Free to read? Not known for this outlet.

Read at Healio → Archived copy (2 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Alzheimer’s risk gene APOE4 may have a reversible weakness

ScienceDaily Research

The Alzheimer’s risk gene APOE4 may actively damage brain blood vessels and sabotage the cellular systems that remove harmful proteins. Researchers were able to reverse some of these effects in experiments, revealing promising new targets for Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s…

Cited in this article, summarized in alzhub's library:
Read at ScienceDaily → Archived copy (4 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Research offers new hope for those at higher risk of Alzheimer's disease

Medical Xpress Research

A new study from the University of Missouri offers hope for those who are at significantly higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease later in life.

Read at Medical Xpress →

Menopause leaves a fingerprint that may predict dementia risk

Medical Xpress Research

As women go through menopause, they often sense that it's not just their bodies changing, but also their minds. They report hot flashes, anxiety, brain fog and trouble sleeping—all symptoms that can be traced back to the brain.

Why it matters: As women undergo menopause, they report symptoms such as brain fog, anxiety, and trouble sleeping, which can all be traced back to changes in the brain.

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (2 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

A major Alzheimer’s risk gene may shrink brain cells years before symptoms

ScienceDaily Research

Researchers have uncovered a possible reason why the Alzheimer’s risk gene APOE4 can disrupt the brain long before memory problems begin. In mice, APOE4 increased a protein called Nell2, shrinking neurons and making memory circuits unusually active. …

Read at ScienceDaily → Archived copy (1 Oct 2026), Internet Archive

Nearly half of dementia cases may be linked to risks you can change

ScienceDaily Research

A long-term brain study found that common risks such as smoking, high blood pressure, heart disease, and high blood lipids were strongly linked to damage associated with vascular dementia. …

Read at ScienceDaily → Archived copy (15 Sep 2026), Internet Archive

Scientists discover how obesity may fuel Alzheimer’s disease

ScienceDaily Research

Researchers have uncovered a possible biological pathway connecting obesity to Alzheimer’s disease. Obesity appears to raise levels of certain fat molecules that can travel to the brain, disrupt its immune defenses, and promote harmful amyloid buildup. …

Read at ScienceDaily →

This daily habit could lower dementia risk by 35%, scientists say

ScienceDaily Research

A huge long-term study found that drinking two to three cups of coffee a day was linked to a much lower risk of dementia, especially before age 75. …

Cited in this article, summarized in alzhub's library:
Read at ScienceDaily → Archived copy (23 Sep 2026), Internet Archive

Cognitive speed training linked to lower dementia incidence up to 20 years later

Medical Xpress Research

Adults age 65 and older who completed five to six weeks of cognitive speed training—in this case, speed of processing training, which helps people quickly find visual information on a computer screen and handle increasingly complex tasks in a shorter time period…

Why it matters: Cognitive speed training, which helps older adults quickly find visual information, is linked to a lower incidence of dementia up to 20 years later.

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (11 Mar 2026), Internet Archive

Obesity and aging: Study links inflammation to cognitive decline

Medical Xpress Research

Obesity and older age are strongly associated with low-grade inflammation in the body, a condition that appears closely linked to cognitive decline and dementia. …

Why it matters: Obesity and older age are linked to low-grade inflammation, which appears closely connected to cognitive decline and dementia.

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (7 Mar 2026), Internet Archive

Consuming 2–3 cups of coffee daily associated with lower dementia risk, better cognitive function

Medical Xpress Research

A new prospective cohort study by investigators from Mass General Brigham, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard analyzed 131,821 participants from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study…

Why it matters: Analyzing 131,821 participants, this study links consuming 2–3 cups of coffee daily to a lower dementia risk and better cognitive function.

Cited in this article, summarized in alzhub's library:
Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (9 Feb 2026), Internet Archive

Speed-focused brain training tied to 25% lower dementia risk after 20 years

Medical Xpress Research

A simple brain-training exercise could reduce people's risk of developing dementia by 25%, a study said Monday, but with outside researchers expressing caution in interpreting the results.

Why it matters: A simple brain-training exercise could cut dementia risk by 25% after 20 years, though outside researchers caution how the results are interpreted.

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (14 Feb 2026), Internet Archive

Hearing aids didn’t boost memory tests but dementia risk dropped

ScienceDaily Research

A long-term study of older adults with moderate hearing loss found that hearing aids did not lead to better performance on memory or thinking tests, but the story did not end there. …

Read at ScienceDaily → Archived copy (20 Sep 2026), Internet Archive

Protein buildup in brain blood vessels linked with increased 5-year risk of dementia

Medical Xpress Research

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a condition where protein (called amyloid) builds up in the brain, making blood vessels weak. People with CAA are four times more likely to develop dementia within five years, regardless of whether they have had a stroke…

Why it matters: People with cerebral amyloid angiopathy are four times more likely to develop dementia within five years, regardless of whether they have had a stroke.

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (15 Feb 2026), Internet Archive

Smoking, blood pressure and diabetes each show distinct dementia-related brain changes

Medical Xpress Research

Almost half of all dementia cases can be attributed to risk factors that we can potentially influence ourselves, such as smoking and high blood pressure. …

Why it matters: Almost half of all dementia cases can be attributed to risk factors that we can potentially influence ourselves, such as smoking and high blood pressure.

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (7 Feb 2026), Internet Archive

Nitrate in drinking water linked to increased dementia risk while nitrate from vegetables is linked to a lower risk

Medical Xpress Research

New research from Edith Cowan University (ECU) and the Danish Cancer Research Institute (DCRI) investigated the association between the intake of nitrate and nitrite from a wide range of different sources, and the associated risk of dementia.

Why it matters: New ECU and DCRI research links nitrate intake from drinking water to higher dementia risk, while vegetable nitrate is linked to lower risk.

Read at Medical Xpress → Archived copy (27 Jan 2026), Internet Archive

Obesity and high blood pressure may directly cause dementia

ScienceDaily Research

A new genetic study suggests that obesity and high blood pressure may play a direct role in causing dementia, not just increasing the risk. By analyzing data from large populations in Denmark and the U.K.…

Read at ScienceDaily → Archived copy (27 Jan 2026), Internet Archive