Get help now — free helplines

You can call any of these for free. You do not need a diagnosis, an appointment, or a crisis to call — questions and plain exhaustion are reasons enough.

  • Alzheimer's Association 24/7 Helpline 800-272-3900 24 hours a day, 365 days a year Free, confidential support and information for people with dementia, caregivers, families and the public. Master's-level clinicians. Also Spanish.
  • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline 988 24/7 Call or text 988, or chat at 988lifeline.org. For anyone in emotional distress or a mental-health crisis, including caregivers.
  • Alzheimer's Foundation of America (AFA) Helpline 866-232-8484 9:00 am - 9:00 pm ET, seven days a week Licensed social workers providing support, info and referrals. Also text message and web chat. Text: 646-586-5283

In a medical emergency, call 911. More numbers, and what each line does, on the help page.

Find studies

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

The spreading of MAPT/Tau pathology is closely associated with the progression of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease and other tauopathies. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

The ER protein CANX (calnexin)-mediated autophagy protects against alzheimer disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 42 out of 100. Autophagy 2025-01-15

Although the relationship between macroautophagy/autophagy and Alzheimer disease (AD) is widely studied, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, especially the regulatory role of the initiation signaling of autophagy on AD. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Autophagy and ALS: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 41 out of 100. Autophagy 2021-05-31

Mechanisms of protein homeostasis are crucial for overseeing the clearance of misfolded and toxic proteins over the lifetime of an organism, thereby ensuring the health of neurons and other cells of the central nervous system. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Apoptosis, a programmed cell death process activated in Alzheimer disease (AD), is not limited to neurons but extends to all cell types within the central nervous system (CNS). 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Cerebral FURIN deficiency impairs astrocytic lipophagy through ITGAV maturation

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Autophagy 2025-12-11

: ACTB: actin, beta; AD: Alzheimer disease; ADAM10: a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 10; ADGGA: acyl diacylglyceryl glucuronide; AHexSIS: acylhexosyl sitosterol; AHexSTS: acylhexosyl stigmasterol; AIF1/IBA1: allograft inflammatory factor 1; APP: amyloid beta precursor protein; ATG5: autophagy related 5; Aβ: amyloid β-protein; BACE1: beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1; BASulfate: bile acid sulfate; BMP: bismonoacylglycerophosphate; CAR: acylcarnitine; CE: cholesteryl ester; Cer_NS: ceramide non-hydroxyfatty acid-sphingosine; CL: cardiolipin; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DCAE: esterified deoxycholic acid; DEP: differentially expressed protein; DG: diacylglycerol; DGCC: diacylglyceryl-3-O-carboxyhydroxymethylcholine; DLG4/PSD95: discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4; ECM: extracellular matrix; EtherLPC: ether-linked lysophosphatidylcholine; EtherLPE: ether-linked lysophosphatidylethanolamine; EtherMGDG: ether-linked monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; EtherOxPC: ether-linked oxidized phosphatidylcholine; EtherPC: ether-linked phosphatidylcholine; EtherPE: ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamine; EtherPG: ether-linked phosphatidylglycerol; EtherSMGDG: semino lipid; EtherTG: ether-linked triacylglycerol; FA: fatty acyls; FA: free fatty acid; FAHFA: fatty acid ester of hydroxyl fatty acid; FJC: fluoro-Jade C; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GDCAE: esterified glycodeoxycholic acid; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; GL: glycerolipids; GP: glycerophospholipids; HBMP: hemibismonoacylglycerophosphate; HexCer_NS: hexosylceramide non-hydroxyfatty acid-sphingosine; HSPA8/HSC70: heat shock protein 8; IP-MS: immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; LAMP2A: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2A; LDGCC: lysodiacylglyceryl-3-O-carboxyhydroxymethylcholine; LDs: lipid droplets; LNAPE: N-acyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine; LNAPS: N-acyl-lysophosphatidylserine; LPA: lysophosphatidic acid; LPC: lyso-phophatidylcholine; LPE: lysophosphatidylethanolamine; LPG: lysophosphatidylglycerol; LPI: lysophosphatidylinositol; LPS: lysophosphatidylserine; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MGDG: monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; MWM: Morris Water Maze; OA: oleic acid; OFT: Open Field Test; OxPC: oxidized phosphatidylcholine; OxPG: oxidized phosphatidylglycerol; OxPI: oxidized phosphatidylinositol; OxPS: oxidiz 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Methylthioninium chloride (methylene blue) induces autophagy and attenuates tauopathy in vitro and in vivo

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Autophagy 2012-04-01

More than 30 neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease (AD), frontotemporal lobe dementia (FTD), and some forms of Parkinson disease (PD) are characterized by the accumulation of an aggregated form of the microtubule-binding protein tau in neurites and as intracellular lesions called neurofibrillary tangles. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Beyond their role in energy production, mitochondria also interact with other organelles through forming membrane contacts that serve as central hubs of cellular metabolism and signaling. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (60.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.6%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,032 records (3.8% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed