73/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 73 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2026-03-17
Greater consumption of caffeinated coffee and tea was associated with lower risk of dementia and modestly better cognitive function, with the most pronounced association at moderate intake levels. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 131,821
Evidence: moderate
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73/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 73 out of 100.
·
PloS one
·
2012-06-04
This systematic review and meta-analyses covering a wide range of observational studies and diverse settings provides robust support for the CR hypothesis. 5 key findings →
Design: systematic review
Participants: 437,477
Evidence: high
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During 1 110 831 person-years at risk, we recorded 245 573 hospitalisations in the Finnish cohorts; the corresponding numbers in the UK study were 60 946 hospitalisations in 186 572 person-years. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 9,838
Evidence: moderate
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It has been reported that social engagement may be associated with dementia risk. 4 key findings →
Design: case-control study
Participants: 31
Evidence: moderate
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73/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 73 out of 100.
·
Ophthalmology
·
2021-01-08
Topic The magnitude and direction of the association between vision impairment and incident dementia and cognitive impairment in prospective cohort studies was estimated by systematic review and meta-analysis. 5 key findings →
Design: systematic review
Participants: 827
Evidence: high
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Five RCTs of the Mediterranean diet and cognition have been published to date. 5 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Participants: 1,888
Evidence: high
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72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
·
The Lancet
·
2026-07-13
These findings extend the evidence base for multidomain lifestyle interventions to populations historically under-represented in dementia research, supporting their feasibility and scalability as strategies to reduce cognitive decline risk amid the rapidly growing burden of dementia in low-income and middle-income countries. 3 key findings →
Design: RCT
Participants: 1,065
Evidence: moderate
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We aimed to determine the effect of live attenuated herpes zoster vaccination on incident dementia diagnoses among people aged 70 years and older using a natural experiment in Ontario, Canada, and to triangulate these findings, using a second natural experiment in Ontario and a quasi-experimental approach that uses data from multiple Canadian provinces. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 232,124
Evidence: moderate
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72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
·
BMJ
·
2024-03-27
The study findings suggest delirium was a strong risk factor for death and incident dementia among older adult patients. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 110,422
Evidence: moderate
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72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
·
JAMA Neurology
·
2023-02-01
A higher percentage of daily energy consumption of ultraprocessed foods was associated with cognitive decline among adults from an ethnically diverse sample. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 10,775
Evidence: moderate
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High UPF consumption is associated with dementia. 4 key findings →
Design: meta-analysis
Participants: 867,316
Evidence: moderate
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72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
·
Age and ageing
·
2018-05-01
Little is known on how risk factors of younger cohorts will play out in the future burden of multi-morbidity (two or more concurrent long-term conditions). 2 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 303,589
Evidence: moderate
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72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
·
JAMA neurology
·
2014-12-01
Of these, 4361 (8.4%) developed dementia compared with 6610 patients with NTT (5.9%) (P Conclusions and relevance Among patients evaluated in the ED or inpatient settings, those with moderate to severe TBI at 55 years or older or mild TBI at 65 years or older had an increased risk of developing dementia. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 164,661
Evidence: moderate
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Adherence to the Life Simple 7 ideal cardiovascular health recommendations in midlife was associated with a lower risk of dementia later in life. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 7,899
Evidence: moderate
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72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
·
Maturitas
·
2018-03-13
Dementia is a major source of disability worldwide and there are currently no available disease-modifying treatments. 5 key findings →
Design: systematic review
Participants: 6,948
Evidence: high
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72/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 72 out of 100.
·
Nature Medicine
·
2025-04-03
African heritage diets are increasingly being replaced by Western-style dietary patterns because of urbanization, economic development, increased access to processed foods, globalization and changing social norms. 2 key findings →
Design: randomized controlled trial
Evidence: high
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71/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100.
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The Lancet
·
2017-02-18
In a study of 2.2 million adults in Ontario, Canada, people who lived very close to a major road (within 50 meters) had a small but statistically significant higher risk of developing dementia than those living farther away (over 300 meters), even after accounting for other health and demographic factors. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 2,200,000
Evidence: high
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71/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100.
·
PLoS Medicine
·
2019-08-02
More frequent social contact at age 60 years was associated with lower dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR] for each SD higher social contact frequency = 0.88 [95% CI 0.79, 0.98], p = 0.02); effect size of the association of social contact at 50 or 70 years with dementia was similar (0.92 [95% CI 0.83, 1.02], p = 0.13 and 0.91 [95% CI 0.78, 1.06], p = 0.23, respectively) but not statistically significant. 3 key findings →
Design: cohort
Participants: 10,228
Evidence: moderate
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Hearing loss is independently associated with incident all-cause dementia. 4 key findings →
Design: longitudinal study
Participants: 639
Evidence: moderate
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Forty studies from 12 countries met our inclusion criteria. 5 key findings →
Design: systematic review
Evidence: high
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71/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100.
·
JAMA
·
2009-08-01
In this study, both higher Mediterranean-type diet adherence and higher physical activity were independently associated with reduced risk for AD. 5 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 282
Evidence: moderate
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71/100
✓ Peer-reviewed
alzhub usefulness score 71 out of 100.
·
Neurology
·
2018-04-18
Among military veterans, mTBI is associated with 56% increased risk of PD, even after adjusting for demographics and medical/psychiatric comorbidities. 4 key findings →
Design: cohort study
Participants: 325,870
Evidence: moderate
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We included 22 studies involving 43,637 women. 5 key findings →
Participants: 22
Evidence: high
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Being married is associated with reduced risk of dementia than widowed and lifelong single people, who are also underdiagnosed in routine clinical practice. 5 key findings →
Design: systematic review
Participants: 15
Evidence: high
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We searched 122 studies, of which 90 were included in our analysis. 5 key findings →
Design: systematic review
Evidence: high
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How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor,
and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a
scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the
difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself,
so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
- Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
- Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we
could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be
worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science,
Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed
journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the
tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a
missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores
zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and
the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed
article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or
a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not
work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by
that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is
reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out →
— four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap
bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on
stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.