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Research

27,380 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 1,526–1,550 of 1,798 studies in Biomarkers (page 62 of 72) · 27,380 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Other subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 12,859 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

What “Biomarkers” covers

Biomarkers — Measurable signals in blood, brain scans or spinal fluid that can indicate Alzheimer's changes.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Investigation of tau-2 positive microglia-like cells in the subcortical nuclei of human neurodegenerative disorders

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Neuroscience letters 1995-06-01

An anti-tau monoclonal antibody tau-2 was demonstrated to react with the cells which characteristically appeared in the subcortical nuclei of certain neurodegenerative disorders. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

The application of proteomics and genomics to the study of age-related neurodegeneration and neuroprotection

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Antioxidants & redox signaling 2007-02-01

The present study aimed to acquire more information on aging-related alterations, using proteomic and genomic analyses of hippocampus from young (8 months) and old (27 months) rats. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Extracellular Vesicles From 3xTg-AD Mouse and Alzheimer's Disease Patient Astrocytes Impair Neuroglial and Vascular Components

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Frontiers in aging neuroscience 2021-02-19

Astrocytes are specialized glial cells that are essential components of the neurovascular unit (NVU) and are involved in neurodevelopment, brain maintenance and repair, and neurodegeneration. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Neuronal and glial gene expression in neocortex of Down's syndrome and Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology 1993-05-01

The association cortex of Down's syndrome (DS) predictably and prematurely undergoes neurofibrillary degeneration of Alzheimer type. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Neuroprotection elicited by taurine in sporadic Alzheimer-like disease: benefits on memory and control of neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of rats

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2023-10-24

This study aimed to analyze whether taurine has a nootropic effect on short-term and long-term memory in a model of sporadic dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT). 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

An additional human chromosome 21 causes suppression of neural fate of pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells in a teratoma model

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. BMC developmental biology 2007-11-29

We demonstrate that a supernumerary chromosome 21 causes Inhibition of Neuroectodermal DIfferentiation (INDI) of pluripotent ES cells. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Metformin effectively alleviates the symptoms of Alzheimer in rats by lowering amyloid β deposition and enhancing the insulin signal

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Metabolic brain disease 2024-11-25

Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits distinct biochemical and histopathological attributes, encompassing cellular, neuronal, and oxidative impairment. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Correlation and Interchangeability of Amyloid, Tau, and Glucose Metabolism PET in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer: A Review

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 37 out of 100. Brain Sciences 2025-11-26

Positron emission tomography (PET) allows for minimally invasive in vivo localization of amyloid and tau deposition, and visualization of glucose metabolism using amyloid PET, tau PET, and FDG PET. 1 key finding →

Participants: 58 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

The immunohistochemical demonstration of subsequences of the precursor of the amyloid A4 protein in senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neuropathology and applied neurobiology 1989-03-01

The actual presence of the predicted precursor of Alzheimer's disease amyloid A4 protein, reported by Kang et al. (1987) in the Alzheimer brain, has yet to be verified. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Hereditary deficiencies in complement C5 are associated with intensified neurodegenerative responses that implicate new roles for the C-system in neuronal and astrocytic functions

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Neurobiology of disease 1996-01-01

Possible roles of the complement (C) system in the normal and injured brain were explored with inbred mice that carried a frameshift mutation in the C5 gene. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Astrocyte-apolipoprotein E associations in senile plaques in Alzheimer disease and vascular lesions: a regional immunohistochemical study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology 1997-04-01

While apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and beta-amyloid (A beta) co-localize in senile plaques in cortex and cerebellum in Alzheimer disease (AD), the A beta-positive, predominantly diffuse plaques in the striatum do not exhibit ApoE immunoreactivity regardless of disease duration. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Effects of age on gene expression during estrogen-induced synaptic sprouting in the female rat

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Experimental neurology 2000-09-01

Age and estrogen treatment influenced fiber outgrowth and compensatory neuronal sprouting after unilateral entorhinal cortex lesions (ECL) which model Alzheimer disease-like deafferentation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Glial alterations in human prion diseases: A correlative study of astroglia, reactive microglia, protein deposition, and neuropathological lesions

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Medicine 2018-04-01

Proteinopathies such as Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington diseases, where aberrant proteins spread throughout the brain during disease progression, may share a molecular basis and mechanisms of propagation. 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Analysis of the hippocampal proteome in ME7 prion disease reveals a predominant astrocytic signature and highlights the brain-restricted production of clusterin in chronic neurodegeneration

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. The Journal of biological chemistry 2013-12-23

Prion diseases are characterized by accumulation of misfolded protein, gliosis, synaptic dysfunction, and ultimately neuronal loss. 2 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

The postmortem Alzheimer brain is a source of structurally and functionally intact astrocytic messenger RNA

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Journal of neuroscience methods 1988-03-01

Although the precise role of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently undefined, studies carried out at the molecular level may lead to new insights into the functioning of this class of brain cells in dementia. 5 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Encephalopathy with idiopathic hyperammonaemia and Alzheimer type II astrocytes in equidae

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Equine veterinary journal 1999-11-01

In 3 mature female horses of varying breeds, episodes of colic and depression for 14 days preceded an encephalopathic disorder with maniacal behaviour, anxiety, profuse sweating and, in one case, terminal opisthotonus. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Role of inflammatory and hemostatic biomarkers in Alzheimer's and vascular dementia - A pilot study from a tertiary center in Northern India

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 36 out of 100. Asian journal of psychiatry 2017-04-22

Hemostatic biomarkers were higher in Vascular group compared to Alzheimer group whereas there was no difference in inflammatory biomarkers. 5 key findings →

Participants: 68 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

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Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (60.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.6%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,032 records (3.8% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed