Cholinesterase inhibitors have produced the best evidence of clinical efficacy for treating patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Research
27,780 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.
A new family of multitarget molecules able to interact with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), as well as with monoamino oxidase (MAO) A and B, has been synthesized. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The therapeutic approach for improving the cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is mainly based on the potentiation of central cholinergic activity and is achieved clinically by the use of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors such as tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine and other drugs currently in clinical trials. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Psychotropic drugs acting on monoamine neurotransmission are major pharmacological treatments for neuropsychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, depression, bipolar disorder, Tourette syndrome, ADHD, and Alzheimer disease. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that some antihypertensive medications may reduce the risk for Alzheimer disease (AD). 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
There is growing evidence to support the hypothesis that statins may act as neuroprotectants in several neuropathological conditions, including Alzheimer's disease. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Neurotrophins are important for neuronal health and function. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The organization and possible functions of basal forebrain and pontine cholinergic systems are reviewed. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
36/100
Acetylcholine is widely distributed in the nervous system and has been implicated to play a critical role in cerebral cortical development, cortical activity, controlling cerebral blood flow and sleep-wake cycle as well as in modulating cognitive performances and learning and memory processes. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Adenosine is a ubiquitous homeostatic substance released from most cells, including neurones and glia. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Nicotine maintains tobacco addiction and has therapeutic utility to aid smoking cessation and possibly to treat other medical diseases. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
36/100
Caffeine causes most of its biological effects via antagonizing all types of adenosine receptors (ARs): A1, A2A, A3, and A2B and, as does adenosine, exerts effects on neurons and glial cells of all brain areas. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The genomic structure of ChAT is unique compared with other enzymes for neurotransmitters. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
The authors provide an extensive review of new data related to the role of glutamate in CNS disorders, describing new aspects in glutamate and glutamatergic receptors-NMDA receptors, NR2B-selective antagonists, non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors, N-acetylaspartylglutamate, and glutamate and glycine transporters. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs), a group of ubiquitously expressed metalloenzymes, are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes, including gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, ureagenesis, tumorigenicity and the growth and virulence of various pathogens. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors comprise a heterogeneous class of cationic channels that is present throughout the nervous system. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Nicotinic receptors - a family of ligand-gated ion channels that mediate the effects of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine - are among the most well understood allosteric membrane proteins from a structural and functional perspective. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Reductions in 2 neurotransmitter synthesizing enzymes in brain, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and choline acetyltransferase (CAT), have been found in dementias of different origins, including senile dementia (Alzheimer type). 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Neuroactive insecticides are the principal means of protecting crops, people, livestock, and pets from pest insect attack and disease transmission. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
36/100
The class of chemicals known as the "organophosphates" (OPs) comprises many of the most common agricultural and commercial pesticides that are used worldwide as well as the highly toxic chemical warfare agents. 3 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is one of several hundred serine hydrolases in people potentially exposed to about 80 organophosphorus (OP) compounds important as insecticides or chemical warfare agents. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
A century after the discovery of acetylcholine (ACh), we recognize both ACh receptors, transporters, and synthesizing and degrading enzymes and regulators of their expression as contributors to cognition, metabolism, and immunity. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Cholinesterases form a family of serine esterases that arise in animals from at least two distinct genes. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
Glutamate is an essential excitatory neurotransmitter regulating brain functions. 1 key finding →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) targets a diverse array of factors germane to the pathophysiology of multiple neuropsychiatric disorders including glutamatergic transmission, the antioxidant glutathione, neurotrophins, apoptosis, mitochondrial function, and inflammatory pathways. 5 key findings →
Evidence: low
Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source
From across this tag
10 of the 234 studies in this tag, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.
- Leucettines, a class of potent inhibitors of cdc2-like kinases and dual specificity, tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinases derived from the marine sponge leucettamine B: modulation of alternative pre-RNA splicing
- Clinical pharmacology of rivastigmine: a new-generation acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
- Multi-target-directed drug design strategy: from a dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitor to a trifunctional compound against Alzheimer's disease
- Implications for treatment: GABAA receptors in aging, Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease
- Nose-to-brain drug delivery: An update on clinical challenges and progress towards approval of anti-Alzheimer drugs
- Benzofuran and Indole: Promising Scaffolds for Drug Development in Alzheimer's Disease
- Memantine preferentially blocks extrasynaptic over synaptic NMDA receptor currents in hippocampal autapses
- Drug Repositioning for Alzheimer's Disease Based on Systematic 'omics' Data Mining
- The selective phosphodiesterase 9 (PDE9) inhibitor PF-04447943 (6-[(3S,4S)-4-methyl-1-(pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one) enhances synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in rodents
- Current and future therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease: an overview of drug development bottlenecks
Where “Free full text” comes from
Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read
How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped
This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.
- Journal tier up to 10 pts
- Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
- Study design up to 12 pts
- Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
- Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
- How recent up to 5 pts
- Sample size up to 4 pts
- Effect reported up to 3 pts
- Studied in people up to 3 pts
- Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
- Times cited up to 7 pts
- Citations per year up to 5 pts
- Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
- Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
- Still being cited up to 4 pts
- Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
- Institution's track record up to 3 pts
- Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
- Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
- Free to read up to 2 pts
Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.
Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.
We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.
The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.
See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,780 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.
What this library is — and isn't
This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,780 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (61.1% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.3%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.
1,034 records (3.7% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.
See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →