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Research

27,380 Alzheimer's and dementia studies in plain English, each scored out of 100.

Find studies

Showing 451–475 of 834 studies (page 19 of 34) · 27,380 in the whole library · How the 0–100 score works

Download bibliography of the first 500 of these studies, in this order: BibTeX (.bib) · RIS (.ris)

Showing 834 studies tagged csf — clear

Browse by subject, author or institution

Each number is how many studies that link shows, with your other filters kept.

Subjects

Authors

Names as each record prints them; the same person can appear under two spellings.

Institutions

From OpenAlex; 12,859 studies have no institution on record and are not counted here.

A note on reading research. One study is rarely the final word.

We try to note the size of a study, whether it was in humans or animals, and how early-stage the finding is. If a summary here doesn't make that clear, treat it with extra caution and check the original source.

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neurodegeneration, synaptic integrity, and astroglial activation across the clinical Alzheimer's disease spectrum

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2019-03-08

Axonal degeneration, synaptic dysfunction, astroglial activation, and altered tau metabolism are involved already in preclinical AD. 1 key finding →

Participants: 770 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Race modifies the relationship between cognition and Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 50 out of 100. Alzheimer's research & therapy 2017-11-02

We hypothesized that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of amyloid, neurodegeneration, and endothelial dysfunction would differ between older African Americans and Caucasians with normal cognition and cognitive impairment associated with AD. 3 key findings →

Participants: 135 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source

Reactive microglia in patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type are positive for the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Neuroscience letters 1987-08-01

HLA-DR is a class II cell surface glycoprotein of the human histocompatibility complex usually expressed on the surface of cells that are simultaneously presenting foreign antigen to T-lymphocytes. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Alzheimer's Disease Plasma Biomarkers Distinguish Clinical Diagnostic Groups in Memory Clinic Patients

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders 2022-05-03

Several recent research studies show high performance of blood biomarkers to identify Alzheimer's disease also in the pre-dementia mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage, but data from the routine clinical care memory clinic setting are needed. 1 key finding →

Participants: 54 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Plasma Alzheimer's biomarkers and brain amyloid in Hispanic and non-Hispanic older adults

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2023-09-06

Three-hundred seventy nine participants underwent blood draw (71.9 ± 7.8 years old, 60.2% female, 57% Hispanic of which 88% were Cuban or South American) and 240 completed Aβ-PET. 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Detection of 14-3-3 protein in the cerebrospinal fluid supports the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Annals of neurology 1998-01-01

The analysis of 14-3-3 protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was shown to be highly sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). 1 key finding →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Precursor form of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor are decreased in the pre-clinical stages of Alzheimer's disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Journal of neurochemistry 2005-06-01

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is critical for the function and survival of neurons that degenerate in the late stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). 3 key findings →

Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Increased proNGF levels in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer disease

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology 2004-06-01

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is critical for the regulation, differentiation, and survival of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons that degenerate in the late stage of Alzheimer disease (AD). 3 key findings →

Participants: 20 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Plasma Aβ42/40 Ratio Detects Early Stages of Alzheimer's Disease and Correlates with CSF and Neuroimaging Biomarkers in the AB255 Study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease 2019-01-01

TP42/40 demonstrated value in the identification of individuals suffering a-MCI, in the prediction of progression to dementia, and in the detection of underlying AD pathology revealed by FDG-PET, Amyloid-PET and CSF biomarkers, being, thus, consistently associated with all the well-established indicators of AD. 3 key findings →

Participants: 145 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Cerebrovascular and amyloid pathology in predementia stages: the relationship with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Alzheimer's research & therapy 2017-12-29

Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and amyloid-β (Aβ) often coexist, but their influence on neurodegeneration and cognition in predementia stages remains unclear. 4 key findings →

Participants: 99 Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Mild cognitive impairment: cerebrospinal fluid tau biomarker pathologic levels and longitudinal changes in white matter integrity

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Radiology 2012-11-14

Thirty patients with MCI and nonpathologic CSF total tau levels, nine patients with MCI and pathologic CSF total tau levels, and 16 age-matched healthy control subjects underwent diffusion-tensor imaging at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 2.6 years ± 0.54 (standard deviation), with range of 1.58-3.98 years. 4 key findings →

Design: longitudinal study Evidence: moderate

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Early Alzheimer´s disease blood biomarkers are associated with a higher risk for postoperative long-term cognitive decline: Insights from the FINDERI study

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association 2026-07-01

The study aim is to investigate whether blood biomarkers (BBMs) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology are associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after cardiac surgery. 4 key findings →

Participants: 394 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Toward precision risk stratification of postoperative cognitive dysfunction: Preoperative inflammatory and neurodegenerative protein biomarkers in orthopedic surgery: A systematic review

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Journal of clinical anesthesia 2026-04-16

Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication in older adults undergoing major surgery and is associated with prolonged recovery and long-term cognitive decline. 4 key findings →

Design: systematic review Participants: 705 Evidence: high

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

Impaired lung function is associated with elevated blood biomarkers of AD/ADRD: unraveling the interplay with risk of dementia

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Scientific reports 2026-04-14

Impaired lung function (ILF) has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk in multiple cohorts, yet the role of circulating Alzheimer disease (AD) biomarkers in this relationship is not well understood. 4 key findings →

Participants: 4,072 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Free full text

Cerebrospinal fluid alpha-synuclein in neurodegenerative disorders-a marker of synapse loss?

✓ Peer-reviewed alzhub usefulness score 49 out of 100. Neuroscience letters 2008-11-12

The association of alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) neuropathology with Parkinson's disease (PD) and several related disorders has led to an intense research effort to develop cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)- or blood-based alpha-syn biomarkers for these types of diseases. 4 key findings →

Participants: 15 Evidence: low

Full summary, score breakdown and related studies → Original source Full text may need a subscription

From across this tag

10 of the 829 studies in this tag, picked by a fixed rule (a hash of each study's address), not by score or date; each page of this list shows a different 10. The same 10 appear here every time.

↑ Change the filters

Where “Free full text” comes from

Free full text links and the Full text may need a subscription label come from Unpaywall, Europe PMC and OpenAlex records of free copies, checked 10 Oct 2026. A study with neither is unknown, not paywalled. Show only studies that are free to read

How the 0–100 score works — and why some entries are capped

This is alzhub's own score. It is not an official metric, not an impact factor, and no journal, publisher or ranking body endorses it. We built it so that a reader who is not a scientist can tell a landmark trial from a conference abstract without having to already know the difference. Every point comes from one of 20 components, all of them printed on the study itself, so you can disagree with our arithmetic rather than having to trust the total.

  • Journal tier up to 10 pts
  • Journal's citation record up to 4 pts
  • Study design up to 12 pts
  • Strength of evidence up to 5 pts
  • Peer-review validation up to 10 pts
  • How recent up to 5 pts
  • Sample size up to 4 pts
  • Effect reported up to 3 pts
  • Studied in people up to 3 pts
  • Randomised / blinded up to 2 pts
  • Times cited up to 7 pts
  • Citations per year up to 5 pts
  • Impact for its field and year up to 6 pts
  • Cited by studies here up to 6 pts
  • Still being cited up to 4 pts
  • Senior author's track record up to 4 pts
  • Institution's track record up to 3 pts
  • Multi-centre collaboration up to 3 pts
  • Indexed in PubMed up to 2 pts
  • Free to read up to 2 pts

Journals are placed in ordered tiers, never given a numeric impact factor — we could not verify current impact factors from a source we control, and an invented one would be worse than none. Tier 1 is the top-tier general journals (NEJM, The Lancet, JAMA, Nature, Science, Nature Medicine); tier 2 is the leading specialty journals; tier 3 is every other peer-reviewed journal. A separate part scores how much the journal's own papers are cited, which tells the tier-3 journals apart.

Two rules we don't bend. First, we never fill in a missing value: if a record does not state a sample size or a design, that component scores zero, and if we simply have no data for a part, such as a citation count, that part is left out and the study is scored on the parts we could check. The study card says which. Second, anything that is not a peer-reviewed article is capped at 16/100 and carries a warning chip — so a conference abstract or a company press release can never outrank a peer-reviewed paper, no matter how good it looks.

We rank a rigorous null result — a good trial showing that something does not work — above an early positive finding. Someone deciding whether to buy a supplement is served by that, and the rigour is already counted by the design and journal components.

The score is computed from the published data alone and is reproducible: the same file always yields the same numbers.

See the whole rubric drawn out → — four charts covering all 27,380 studies: how the scores are spread and where the cap bites, which of the 20 components the library is strong and weak on, which subjects rest on stronger evidence, and what kinds of study each subject is actually built from.

What this library is — and isn't

This is a large sample of the Alzheimer's literature, not an exhaustive index of it. It holds 27,380 records, built mostly from automated pulls of Europe PMC (60.6% of the library) and OpenAlex (18.6%), plus smaller pulls from PubMed, Crossref and medRxiv. If a study, a drug, or a finding isn't here, that is not evidence it doesn't exist in the literature — it may simply not have been pulled in yet.

1,032 records (3.8% of the library) are not peer-reviewed — 962 of those are preprints posted before any journal review, and the rest are conference abstracts, regulatory notices and reports. Every study card on this page states its status plainly, and the score above is capped for anything that isn't a peer-reviewed article.

See the full, machine-readable breakdown of this library's coverage →

Newest studies, as a dated timeline →    Atom feed