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Home › Research › What the research found › Every row

Every row of the evidence table

One row per finding: what was tested, which way the result went, and how the study was built. The answer by area, and where the studies disagree, are on the main page.

Every row

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Area All 382 Care, carers and services 140 Medicines 85 Genes (not modifiable) 35 All modifiable factors together 27 Diet and supplements 23 Exercise and activity 21 Sleep, mood and social life 19 Hearing and vision 8 Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis 6 Infection and vaccination 5 Heart and metabolic health 4 Injury, delirium and falls 4 Environment 3 Cognitive activity 2
Question Both Prevention 190 Treatment 192
Direction Any Benefit 144 Harm 105 No effect 38 Mixed 37 No direction reported 58
Design Any meta-analysis 57 randomised trial 44 phase 3 trial 15 systematic review 9 phase 2 trial 10 cohort study 136 phase 1 trial 2 cross-sectional study 31 case-control study 14 modelling study 20 regulatory decision 7 company announcement 1 coverage determination 1 None 35
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Showing 2 of 382 rows for Sleep intervention for carers/dyads. One row per study per exposure: a study that tested two different things appears twice, once for each.

Scroll the table sideways to see every column.

Research and outcomes, 2 rows. Every row links to its source.
Exposure Question Direction Outcome measured Design People Effect size, as the source reported it Source
Sleep intervention for carers/dyads Care, carers and services Treatment Benefit
why

Direction is for DREAMS START against treatment as usual: a 78% probability of being cost-effective at £20,000 per QALY, with cost and QALY differences individually non-significant. The clinical sleep result is in the table under its own row.

 Cost per QALY gained (within-trial cost-utility) randomised trial 377 The mean incremental difference in QALYs per person with dementia was 0·016 more (95% CI 0·000 to 0·033) for the intervention group than for the TAU group, indicating no significant difference in quality of life. At a £20 000 per QALY gained decision threshold, there was a 78% probability that DREAMS START is cost-effective, compared with TAU The Lancet Healthy Longevity 2025
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 40412418
Sleep intervention for carers/dyads Care, carers and services Treatment Benefit Sleep Disorders Inventory at 8 months randomised trial 377 Adjusted mean difference in Sleep Disorders Inventory at 8 months: -4.70 (95% CI -7.65 to -1.74) The Lancet Healthy Longevity 2024
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 39366393

How this table was built, and where it is weak →

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