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Home › Research › What the research found › Every row

Every row of the evidence table

One row per finding: what was tested, which way the result went, and how the study was built. The answer by area, and where the studies disagree, are on the main page.

Every row

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Area All 382 Care, carers and services 140 Medicines 85 Genes (not modifiable) 35 All modifiable factors together 27 Diet and supplements 23 Exercise and activity 21 Sleep, mood and social life 19 Hearing and vision 8 Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis 6 Infection and vaccination 5 Heart and metabolic health 4 Injury, delirium and falls 4 Environment 3 Cognitive activity 2
Question Both Prevention 190 Treatment 192
Direction Any Benefit 144 Harm 105 No effect 38 Mixed 37 No direction reported 58
Design Any meta-analysis 57 randomised trial 44 phase 3 trial 15 systematic review 9 phase 2 trial 10 cohort study 136 phase 1 trial 2 cross-sectional study 31 case-control study 14 modelling study 20 regulatory decision 7 company announcement 1 coverage determination 1 None 35
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Showing 3 of 382 rows for Amyloid hypothesis (target rationale). One row per study per exposure: a study that tested two different things appears twice, once for each.

Scroll the table sideways to see every column.

Research and outcomes, 3 rows. Every row links to its source.
Exposure Question Direction Outcome measured Design People Effect size, as the source reported it Source
Amyloid hypothesis (target rationale) Medicines Treatment No direction reported
why

A retraction notice. It withdraws the 2006 Nature paper on Aβ*56 over figures showing "signs of excessive manipulation, including splicing, duplication and the use of an eraser tool", and reports no effect estimate.

 None measured (retraction notice) None not stated not established — retraction notice read at nature.com (doi 10.1038/s41586-024-07691-8) via a reader proxy; pubmed carries no abstract for it. it retracts nature doi… Nature 2024
⚠ Retraction notice — not a study PMID 38914864
Amyloid hypothesis (target rationale) Medicines Treatment No direction reported
why

An investigative news feature reporting signs of image fabrication in papers on the Aβ*56 amyloid oligomer. It is not a study of an outcome and reports no effect estimate.

 None measured (investigative news feature) None not stated not established — news feature; no effect estimate exists. the pubmed record carries a one-sentence abstract. Science 2022
⚠ News feature — not a peer-reviewed study PMID 35862524
Amyloid hypothesis (target rationale) Medicines Treatment No direction reported
why

A perspective review of arguments for and against the amyloid hypothesis, concluding that amyloid-beta is likely necessary but not sufficient and acts early as a trigger of tau-mediated neurodegeneration. It reports no effect estimate.

 None measured (perspective review) None not stated not established — review; the abstract reports no effect estimate. Nature Neuroscience 2015
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 26007213

How this table was built, and where it is weak →