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Home › Research › What the research found › Every row

Every row of the evidence table

One row per finding: what was tested, which way the result went, and how the study was built. The answer by area, and where the studies disagree, are on the main page.

Every row

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Area All 382 Care, carers and services 140 Medicines 85 Genes (not modifiable) 35 All modifiable factors together 27 Diet and supplements 23 Exercise and activity 21 Sleep, mood and social life 19 Hearing and vision 8 Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis 6 Infection and vaccination 5 Heart and metabolic health 4 Injury, delirium and falls 4 Environment 3 Cognitive activity 2
Question Both Prevention 190 Treatment 192
Direction Any Benefit 144 Harm 105 No effect 38 Mixed 37 No direction reported 58
Design Any meta-analysis 57 randomised trial 44 phase 3 trial 15 systematic review 9 phase 2 trial 10 cohort study 136 phase 1 trial 2 cross-sectional study 31 case-control study 14 modelling study 20 regulatory decision 7 company announcement 1 coverage determination 1 None 35
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Showing 3 of 382 rows. One row per study per exposure: a study that tested two different things appears twice, once for each.

Scroll the table sideways to see every column.

Research and outcomes, 3 rows. Every row links to its source.
Exposure Question Direction Outcome measured Design People Effect size, as the source reported it Source
Amyloid and tau PET (appropriate use criteria) Care, carers and services Treatment No direction reported
why

Appropriate use criteria rated by consensus: for amyloid PET seven of 17 scenarios were rated appropriate, two uncertain and eight rarely appropriate; for tau PET five, six and six. No effect estimate is reported.

 None measured (appropriate use criteria) systematic review not stated not established — consensus criteria; the abstract reports scenario ratings, not an effect estimate. Alzheimer's & Dementia 2025
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 39776249
Blood biomarker test (p-tau217 / amyloid ratio) Care, carers and services Treatment No direction reported
why

A clinical practice guideline. It sets performance thresholds for blood tests (at least 90% sensitivity and 75% specificity for triage; at least 90% for both to substitute for amyloid PET or CSF) and reports no effect estimate of its own.

 None measured (clinical practice guideline) systematic review not stated not established — guideline; recommendations rather than an effect estimate. Alzheimer's & Dementia 2025
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 40729527
Diagnostic evaluation and disclosure guideline Care, carers and services Treatment No direction reported
why

A clinical practice guideline. It sets out a structured, patient-centred process for evaluating, diagnosing and disclosing suspected Alzheimer's disease or related dementias in any practice setting, and reports no effect estimate.

 None measured (clinical practice guideline for primary care) systematic review not stated not established — guideline; the abstract reports no effect estimate. Alzheimer's & Dementia 2024
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 39713942

How this table was built, and where it is weak →