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Home › Research › What the research found › Every row

Every row of the evidence table

One row per finding: what was tested, which way the result went, and how the study was built. The answer by area, and where the studies disagree, are on the main page.

Every row

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Area All 382 Care, carers and services 140 Medicines 85 Genes (not modifiable) 35 All modifiable factors together 27 Diet and supplements 23 Exercise and activity 21 Sleep, mood and social life 19 Hearing and vision 8 Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis 6 Infection and vaccination 5 Heart and metabolic health 4 Injury, delirium and falls 4 Environment 3 Cognitive activity 2
Question Both Prevention 190 Treatment 192
Direction Any Benefit 144 Harm 105 No effect 38 Mixed 37 No direction reported 58
Design Any meta-analysis 57 randomised trial 44 phase 3 trial 15 systematic review 9 phase 2 trial 10 cohort study 136 phase 1 trial 2 cross-sectional study 31 case-control study 14 modelling study 20 regulatory decision 7 company announcement 1 coverage determination 1 None 35
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Showing 2 of 382 rows. One row per study per exposure: a study that tested two different things appears twice, once for each.

Scroll the table sideways to see every column.

Research and outcomes, 2 rows. Every row links to its source.
Exposure Question Direction Outcome measured Design People Effect size, as the source reported it Source
Anti-amyloid antibody Medicines Treatment Mixed
why

CHMP refused the drug, then on re-examination recommended it only for people with one or no APOE4 copy, where the ARIA rates are lower. Benefit on cognition and harm from ARIA in the same document, with the restriction as the regulator's way of balancing them.

 CDR-SB at 18 months and ARIA rates, in the APOE4-restricted group regulatory decision 1,521 "After 18 months of treatment, patients treated with Leqembi had a smaller increase in CDR-SB score than those who received placebo (1.22 versus 1.75)"; "8.9% of those with only one or no copy of ApoE4 experienced ARIA-E, compared with 12.6% of all patients ... 12.9% of patients in the restricted population experienced ARIA-H compared with 16.9% of the broader population"; placebo figures 1.3% and 6.8% European Medicines Agency 2024
⚠ Regulatory decision — not a study no DOI or PMID exists
Anti-amyloid antibody Medicines Treatment Mixed
why

Approved on amyloid reduction (surrogate) while reporting higher ARIA rates than placebo; the notice reports no cognitive outcome.

 Amyloid PET (surrogate marker); ARIA rates regulatory decision not stated not established — the library recorded "aria-e in 10% of lecanemab patients vs 1% placebo; aria-h in 6% vs 5%". investors.biogen.com timed out on repeated attempts… U.S. Food and Drug Administration (announced via Biogen press release) 2023
⚠ Regulatory decision — not a study no DOI or PMID exists

How this table was built, and where it is weak →