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Home › Research › What the research found › Every row

Every row of the evidence table

One row per finding: what was tested, which way the result went, and how the study was built. The answer by area, and where the studies disagree, are on the main page.

Every row

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Area All 382 Care, carers and services 140 Medicines 85 Genes (not modifiable) 35 All modifiable factors together 27 Diet and supplements 23 Exercise and activity 21 Sleep, mood and social life 19 Hearing and vision 8 Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis 6 Infection and vaccination 5 Heart and metabolic health 4 Injury, delirium and falls 4 Environment 3 Cognitive activity 2
Question Both Prevention 190 Treatment 192
Direction Any Benefit 144 Harm 105 No effect 38 Mixed 37 No direction reported 58
Design Any meta-analysis 57 randomised trial 44 phase 3 trial 15 systematic review 9 phase 2 trial 10 cohort study 136 phase 1 trial 2 cross-sectional study 31 case-control study 14 modelling study 20 regulatory decision 7 company announcement 1 coverage determination 1 None 35
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Showing 2 of 382 rows. One row per study per exposure: a study that tested two different things appears twice, once for each.

Scroll the table sideways to see every column.

Research and outcomes, 2 rows. Every row links to its source.
Exposure Question Direction Outcome measured Design People Effect size, as the source reported it Source
APOE genotype Genes (not modifiable) Prevention No direction reported
why

A descriptive proteomic mapping: APOE-linked protein changes were present before amyloid pathology and stable across age and disease stage, with ε2 tied to cellular-maintenance and anti-inflammatory pathways and ε4 to cell-cycle, oligodendrocyte-precursor and downstream vascular, immune and proteostatic proteins. It estimates no effect on a clinical outcome.

 Plasma and CSF proteomic signatures of APOE ε4 and ε2 across five cohorts cross-sectional study not stated not established — pubmed abstract reports no numeric effect size. Nature Aging 2026
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 42141098
Polygenic risk / GWAS loci Genes (not modifiable) Prevention No direction reported
why

A transcriptome-wide association study prioritising nine genes (including BIN1, PTK2B and DMPK) with broadly consistent effects across populations; it reports no effect estimate for any exposure, so no direction is recorded.

 Genes whose blood expression is genetically associated with Alzheimer's disease across three populations cross-sectional study 751 not established — pubmed abstract reports gene counts and a correlation (r2 ≈ 0.34 between two bin1 variants), no effect estimate. American Journal of Human Genetics 2026
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 42066773

How this table was built, and where it is weak →