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Home › Research › What the research found › Every row

Every row of the evidence table

One row per finding: what was tested, which way the result went, and how the study was built. The answer by area, and where the studies disagree, are on the main page.

Every row

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Area All 382 Care, carers and services 140 Medicines 85 Genes (not modifiable) 35 All modifiable factors together 27 Diet and supplements 23 Exercise and activity 21 Sleep, mood and social life 19 Hearing and vision 8 Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis 6 Infection and vaccination 5 Heart and metabolic health 4 Injury, delirium and falls 4 Environment 3 Cognitive activity 2
Question Both Prevention 190 Treatment 192
Direction Any Benefit 144 Harm 105 No effect 38 Mixed 37 No direction reported 58
Design Any meta-analysis 57 randomised trial 44 phase 3 trial 15 systematic review 9 phase 2 trial 10 cohort study 136 phase 1 trial 2 cross-sectional study 31 case-control study 14 modelling study 20 regulatory decision 7 company announcement 1 coverage determination 1 None 35
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Showing 5 of 382 rows. One row per study per exposure: a study that tested two different things appears twice, once for each.

Scroll the table sideways to see every column.

Research and outcomes, 5 rows. Every row links to its source.
Exposure Question Direction Outcome measured Design People Effect size, as the source reported it Source
Anti-amyloid antibody Medicines Treatment Benefit
why

Phase 1 dose-finding. The outcome is amyloid clearance; no cognitive outcome was measured.

 Amyloid PET clearance (surrogate) randomised trial 41 "On 2,800 mg, every participant dropped below the amyloid positivity threshold within three months"; "After six months, plaque was dose-dependently reduced in all cohorts" Presented at AD/PD 2023 Conference (Gothenburg, Sweden); covered by ALZFORUM and NeurologyLive 2023
⚠ Conference abstract — not peer-reviewed no DOI or PMID exists
Antihypertensives / BP lowering Medicines Prevention Benefit
why

Significant for MCI and for the MCI-or-dementia composite; not significant for probable dementia alone (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.72-1.02).

 MCI and probable dementia over median 7 years randomised trial 9,361 Probable dementia: 8.5 vs. 10.2 per 1,000 person-years (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.72-1.02); MCI: HR 0.87 (95% CI 0.76-1.00); composite MCI-or-dementia: HR 0.89 (95% CI 0.79-0.99) Neurology 2025
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 39819096
Antihypertensives / BP lowering Medicines Prevention Benefit
why

A large drop in blood pressure (22/9 mmHg) and fewer serious adverse events in the intervention villages.

 All-cause dementia over 48 months randomised trial 33,995 All-cause dementia RR 0.85 (95% CI 0.76-0.95) Nature Medicine 2025
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 40258956
Cannabinoid (THC/CBD) for agitation in severe dementia Medicines Treatment No effect
why

No difference from placebo on the primary agitation outcome or other main behavioural outcomes. As-needed psychotropic use was lower during the active period, and no serious drug-related adverse events occurred.

 Agitation on the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (primary); as-needed psychotropic use; safety randomised trial 25 not established — pubmed abstract results: "no significant difference was observed between active treatment and placebo for the cmai and other main behavioural… Age and ageing 2026
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 42613673
Psychotropics for agitation / psychosis Medicines Treatment No direction reported
why

A feasibility trial in 29 residents: designed to test whether the trial can be run, not powered for efficacy, and it reports no efficacy estimate.

 Feasibility, adherence and safety randomised trial 29 100% adherence; no withdrawals; 0 adverse reactions Age and Ageing 2025
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 40479610

How this table was built, and where it is weak →