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Home › Research › What the research found › Every row

Every row of the evidence table

One row per finding: what was tested, which way the result went, and how the study was built. The answer by area, and where the studies disagree, are on the main page.

Every row

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Area All 382 Care, carers and services 140 Medicines 85 Genes (not modifiable) 35 All modifiable factors together 27 Diet and supplements 23 Exercise and activity 21 Sleep, mood and social life 19 Hearing and vision 8 Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis 6 Infection and vaccination 5 Heart and metabolic health 4 Injury, delirium and falls 4 Environment 3 Cognitive activity 2
Question Both Prevention 190 Treatment 192
Direction Any Benefit 144 Harm 105 No effect 38 Mixed 37 No direction reported 58
Design Any meta-analysis 57 randomised trial 44 phase 3 trial 15 systematic review 9 phase 2 trial 10 cohort study 136 phase 1 trial 2 cross-sectional study 31 case-control study 14 modelling study 20 regulatory decision 7 company announcement 1 coverage determination 1 None 35
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Showing 4 of 382 rows for Other investigational drug. One row per study per exposure: a study that tested two different things appears twice, once for each.

Scroll the table sideways to see every column.

Research and outcomes, 4 rows. Every row links to its source.
Exposure Question Direction Outcome measured Design People Effect size, as the source reported it Source
Other investigational drug Medicines Treatment No effect
why

The trial did not meet its primary endpoint at any of three doses despite sustained target engagement (lower CSF soluble TREM2, higher osteopontin); the most frequent adverse events were MRI changes resembling ARIA.

 Change from baseline in CDR-SB at week 96 versus placebo (primary endpoint) with the TREM2 agonist antibody AL002 phase 2 trial 381 least squares mean difference versus placebo (95% confidence interval) at week 96: 15 mg kg-1 -0.31 (-1.61 to 0.98), 40 mg kg-1 0.13 (-1.18 to 1.43) and 60 mg kg-1 -0.17 (-1.49 to 1.15); P > 0.05 from mixed-effects model for repeated measures Nature Medicine 2026
✓ Peer-reviewed PMID 41787076
Other investigational drug Medicines Treatment No effect ADAS-Cog12 and ADCS-ADL (co-primary) at week 52 phase 3 trial 804 ADAS-COG12 change from baseline to week 52: 2.8 (SE 0.36) simufilam vs 3.2 (0.36) placebo, difference -0.39 (0.50), P=0.43. ADCS-ADL: -3.3 (0.44) vs -3.8 (0.44), difference 0.51 (0.61), P=0.40 GlobeNewswire (company press release); trial registered as NCT04994483 2024
⚠ Press release — not a study no DOI or PMID exists
Other investigational drug Medicines Treatment No direction reported
why

A regulatory enforcement action, not a study. The SEC's order finds the reported Phase 2 biomarker data were manipulated by an unblinded consultant and its complaint alleges the full patient data "showed no measurable cognitive improvement in the patients' episodic memory"; it estimates no effect.

 Securities-fraud settlement over reported Phase 2 simufilam results regulatory decision not stated not established — sec press release 2024-151, fetched from sec.gov via a reader proxy. it states civil penalties of $40 million (cassava), $175,000 (barbier) and… SEC Press Release / Administrative Order (Securities Act of 1933 Release No. 11311) 2024
⚠ Regulatory decision — not a study no DOI or PMID exists
Other investigational drug Medicines Treatment No direction reported
why

Retraction notices for five PLOS ONE papers by Wang and colleagues, two co-authored with a Cassava Sciences employee. They withdraw the papers over blot-image integrity and estimate no effect.

 None measured (retraction notices) None not stated not established — retraction watch news post fetched from retractionwatch.com, quoting the plos one notice: "the pixel patterns in background areas of blot images… PLOS ONE (retraction notices, reported by Retraction Watch) 2022
⚠ Retraction notice — not a study no DOI or PMID exists

How this table was built, and where it is weak →