% alzhub.org library filter
% Source: https://alzhub.org/research?atag=cognitive-function
% 500 entries, in the order the page lists them. Built from alzhub.org's own records.
% 0 entries have no readable author in the source record and carry no author field.

@article{barnes2023-37466280,
  author  = {Barnes, L. L. and Dhana, K. and Liu, X. and Carey, V. J. and Ventrelle, J. and Johnson, K. and others},
  title   = {{Trial of the MIND Diet for Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Older Persons}},
  journal = {New England Journal of Medicine},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1056/NEJMoa2302368},
  pmid    = {37466280},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2302368}
}

@article{ngandu2015-25771249,
  author  = {Ngandu, T. and Lehtisalo, J. and Solomon, A. and Levälahti, E. and Ahtiluoto, S. and Antikainen, R. and Bäckman, L. and Hänninen, T. and others},
  title   = {{A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): a randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60461-5},
  pmid    = {25771249},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60461-5}
}

@article{lin2023-37478886,
  author  = {Lin, F. R. and Pike, JR. and Albert, M. S. and Arnold, M. and Burgard, S. and Chisolm, T. and Couper, D. and Deal, J. A. and others},
  title   = {{Hearing intervention versus health education control to reduce cognitive decline in older adults with hearing loss in the USA (ACHIEVE): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01406-x},
  pmid    = {37478886},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01406-x}
}

@article{punjasawadwong2018-29761891,
  author  = {Punjasawadwong, Y. and Chau-In, W. and Laopaiboon, M. and Punjasawadwong, S. and Pin-On, P.},
  title   = {{Processed electroencephalogram and evoked potential techniques for amelioration of postoperative delirium and cognitive dysfunction following non-cardiac and non-neurosurgical procedures in adults}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd011283.pub2},
  pmid    = {29761891},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd011283.pub2}
}

@article{lenze2022-36511926,
  author  = {Lenze, E. J. and Voegtle, M. and Miller, J. P. and Ances, B. M. and Balota, D. A. and Barch, D. and Depp, C. A. and Diniz, B. S. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of Mindfulness Training and Exercise on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.2022.21680},
  pmid    = {36511926},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2022.21680}
}

@article{monteroodasso2023-37471089,
  author  = {Montero-Odasso, M. and Zou, G. and Speechley, M. and Almeida, Q. J. and Liu-Ambrose, T. and Middleton, L. E. and Camicioli, R. and Bray, N. W. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of Exercise Alone or Combined With Cognitive Training and Vitamin D Supplementation to Improve Cognition in Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA network open},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.24465},
  pmid    = {37471089},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.24465}
}

@article{moon2021-34148030,
  author  = {Moon, S. Y. and Hong, C. H. and Jeong, J. H. and Park, Y. K. and Na, H. R. and Song, H. S. and Kim, B. C. and Park, K. W. and others},
  title   = {{Facility-based and home-based multidomain interventions including cognitive training, exercise, diet, vascular risk management, and motivation for older adults: a randomized controlled feasibility trial}},
  journal = {Aging},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.18632/aging.203213},
  pmid    = {34148030},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.203213}
}

@article{zulke2024-38967275,
  author  = {Zülke, A. E. and Pabst, A. and Luppa, M. and Oey, A. and Weise, S. and Fankhänel, T. and Kosilek, R. P. and Schillok, H. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of a multidomain intervention against cognitive decline on dementia risk profiles - Results from the AgeWell.de trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.14097},
  pmid    = {38967275},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14097}
}

@article{vallspedret2015-25961184,
  author  = {Valls-Pedret, C. and Sala-Vila, A. and Serra-Mir, M. and Corella, D. and de la Torre, R. and MÁ, Martínez-González and others},
  title   = {{Mediterranean Diet and Age-Related Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA Internal Medicine},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.1668},
  pmid    = {25961184},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.1668}
}

@article{sink2015-26305648,
  author  = {Sink, K. M. and Espeland, M. A. and Castro, C. M. and Church, T. and Cohen, R. and Dodson, J. A. and Guralnik, J. and Hendrie, H. C. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of a 24-Month Physical Activity Intervention vs Health Education on Cognitive Outcomes in Sedentary Older Adults: The LIFE Randomized Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.2015.9617},
  pmid    = {26305648},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.9617}
}

@article{rapp2003-12771113,
  author  = {Rapp, SR. and Espeland, M. A. and Shumaker, S. A. and Henderson, V. W. and Brunner, R. L. and Manson, J. E. and Gass, M. L. and Stefanick, M. L. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of estrogen plus progestin on global cognitive function in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study: a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2003},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.289.20.2663},
  pmid    = {12771113},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.289.20.2663}
}

@article{chen2023-37133875,
  author  = {Chen, H. and Dhana, K. and Huang, Y. and Huang, L. and Tao, Y. and Liu, X. and others},
  title   = {{Association of the Mediterranean Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet With the Risk of Dementia}},
  journal = {JAMA Psychiatry},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0800},
  pmid    = {37133875},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0800}
}

@article{yaffe2024-38010725,
  author  = {Yaffe, K. and Vittinghoff, E. and Dublin, S. and Peltz, C. B. and Fleckenstein, L. E. and Rosenberg, D. E. and Barnes, D. E. and Balderson, B. H. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of Personalized Risk-Reduction Strategies on Cognition and Dementia Risk Profile Among Older Adults: The SMARRT Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA internal medicine},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6279},
  pmid    = {38010725},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.6279}
}

@article{areosasastre2017-28617932,
  author  = {Areosa Sastre, A. and Vernooij, R. W. and González-Colaço Harmand, M. and Martínez, G.},
  title   = {{Effect of the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus on the development of cognitive impairment and dementia}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd003804.pub2},
  pmid    = {28617932},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd003804.pub2}
}

@article{lampit2014-25405755,
  author  = {Lampit, A. and Hallock, H. and Valenzuela, M.},
  title   = {{Computerized cognitive training in cognitively healthy older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effect modifiers}},
  journal = {PLoS medicine},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1001756},
  pmid    = {25405755},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001756}
}

@article{zulke2024-37768074,
  author  = {Zülke, A. E. and Pabst, A. and Luppa, M. and Roehr, S. and Seidling, H. and Oey, A. and Cardona, M. I. and Blotenberg, I. and others},
  title   = {{A multidomain intervention against cognitive decline in an at-risk-population in Germany: Results from the cluster-randomized AgeWell.de trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.13486},
  pmid    = {37768074},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.13486}
}

@article{devranis2023-36676122,
  author  = {Devranis, P. and Ε, Vassilopoulou and Tsironis, V. and Sotiriadis, P. M. and Chourdakis, M. and Aivaliotis, M. and Tsolaki, M.},
  title   = {{Mediterranean Diet, Ketogenic Diet or MIND Diet for Aging Populations with Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Life (Basel, Switzerland)},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.3390/life13010173},
  pmid    = {36676122},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010173}
}

@article{li2022-36301590,
  author  = {Li, R. and Geng, J. and Yang, R. and Ge, Y. and Hesketh, T.},
  title   = {{Effectiveness of Computerized Cognitive Training in Delaying Cognitive Function Decline in People With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.2196/38624},
  pmid    = {36301590},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/38624}
}

@article{doniger2018-29955655,
  author  = {Doniger, G. M. and Beeri, M. S. and Bahar-Fuchs, A. and Gottlieb, A. and Tkachov, A. and Kenan, H. and Livny, A. and Bahat, Y. and others},
  title   = {{Virtual reality-based cognitive-motor training for middle-aged adults at high Alzheimer's disease risk: A randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia (New York, N. Y.)},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.trci.2018.02.005},
  pmid    = {29955655},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trci.2018.02.005}
}

@article{xu2022-35098972,
  author  = {Xu, X. and Chew, K. A. and Wong, Z. X. and Phua, A. K. S. and Chong, E. J. Y. and Teo, C. K. L. and Sathe, N. and Chooi, Y. C. and others},
  title   = {{The SINgapore GERiatric Intervention Study to Reduce Cognitive Decline and Physical Frailty (SINGER): Study Design and Protocol}},
  journal = {The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.14283/jpad.2022.5},
  pmid    = {35098972},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2022.5}
}

@article{greaves2019-31078353,
  author  = {Greaves, D. and Psaltis, P. J. and Ross, T. J. and Davis, D. and Smith, A. E. and Boord, M. S. and Keage, H. A. D.},
  title   = {{Cognitive outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 91,829 patients}},
  journal = {International journal of cardiology},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.065},
  pmid    = {31078353},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.065}
}

@article{forte2019-31354419,
  author  = {Forte, G. and Favieri, F. and Casagrande, M.},
  title   = {{Heart Rate Variability and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Frontiers in neuroscience},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnins.2019.00710},
  pmid    = {31354419},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00710}
}

@article{isomarkku2024-38300618,
  author  = {Iso-Markku, P. and Aaltonen, S. and Kujala, U. M. and Halme, H. L. and Phipps, D. and Knittle, K. and Vuoksimaa, E. and Waller, K.},
  title   = {{Physical Activity and Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis}},
  journal = {JAMA Network Open},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54285},
  pmid    = {38300618},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54285}
}

@article{lautenschlager2008-18768414,
  author  = {Lautenschlager, N. T. and Cox, K. L. and Flicker, L. and Foster, J. K. and van Bockxmeer, F. M. and Xiao, J. and Greenop, K. R. and Almeida, O. P.},
  title   = {{Effect of physical activity on cognitive function in older adults at risk for Alzheimer disease: a randomized trial}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2008},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.300.9.1027},
  pmid    = {18768414},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.300.9.1027}
}

@article{espeland2004-15213207,
  author  = {Espeland, M. A. and Rapp, SR. and Shumaker, S. A. and Brunner, R. and Manson, J. E. and Sherwin, B. B. and Hsia, J. and Margolis, K. L. and others},
  title   = {{Conjugated equine estrogens and global cognitive function in postmenopausal women: Women's Health Initiative Memory Study}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2004},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.291.24.2959},
  pmid    = {15213207},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.291.24.2959}
}

@article{pase2023-37462968,
  author  = {Pase, M. P. and Harrison, S. and Misialek, JR. and Kline, C. E. and Cavuoto, M. and Baril, A. A. and Yiallourou, S. and Bisson, A. and others},
  title   = {{Sleep Architecture, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, and Cognitive Function in Adults}},
  journal = {JAMA network open},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.25152},
  pmid    = {37462968},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.25152}
}

@article{ngandu2022-34668644,
  author  = {Ngandu, T. and Lehtisalo, J. and Korkki, S. and Solomon, A. and Coley, N. and Antikainen, R. and Bäckman, L. and Hänninen, T. and others},
  title   = {{The effect of adherence on cognition in a multidomain lifestyle intervention (FINGER)}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.12492},
  pmid    = {34668644},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12492}
}

@article{kwan2024-39259959,
  author  = {Kwan, R. Y. C. and Liu, J. and Sin, O. S. K. and Fong, K. N. K. and Qin, J. and Wong, J. C. Y. and Lai, C.},
  title   = {{Effects of Virtual Reality Motor-Cognitive Training for Older People With Cognitive Frailty: Multicentered Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.2196/57809},
  pmid    = {39259959},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/57809}
}

@article{yeo2023-36469314,
  author  = {Yeo, B. S. Y. and HJJMD, Song and Toh, E. M. S. and Ng, L. S. and Ho, C. S. H. and Ho, R. and others},
  title   = {{Association of Hearing Aids and Cochlear Implants With Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis}},
  journal = {JAMA Neurology},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.4427},
  pmid    = {36469314},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.4427}
}

@article{snitz2009-20040554,
  author  = {Snitz, B. E. and O'Meara, E. S. and Carlson, M. C. and Arnold, A. M. and Ives, D. G. and Rapp, SR. and Saxton, J. and Lopez, O. L. and others},
  title   = {{Ginkgo biloba for preventing cognitive decline in older adults: a randomized trial}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2009},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.2009.1913},
  pmid    = {20040554},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1913}
}

@article{ball2002-12425704,
  author  = {Ball, K. and Berch, D. B. and Helmers, K. F. and Jobe, J. B. and Leveck, M. D. and Marsiske, M. and Morris, J. N. and Rebok, G. W. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults: a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2002},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.288.18.2271},
  pmid    = {12425704},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.288.18.2271}
}

@article{legault2011-21615936,
  author  = {Legault, C. and Jennings, J. M. and Katula, J. A. and Dagenbach, D. and Gaussoin, S. A. and Sink, K. M. and Rapp, SR. and Rejeski, W. J. and others},
  title   = {{Designing clinical trials for assessing the effects of cognitive training and physical activity interventions on cognitive outcomes: the Seniors Health and Activity Research Program Pilot (SHARP-P) study, a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {BMC geriatrics},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1186/1471-2318-11-27},
  pmid    = {21615936},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-11-27}
}

@article{gates2020-32104914,
  author  = {Gates, N. J. and Rutjes, A. W. and Di Nisio, M. and Karim, S. and Chong, L. Y. and March, E. and Martínez, G. and Vernooij, R. W.},
  title   = {{Computerised cognitive training for 12 or more weeks for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late life}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd012277.pub3},
  pmid    = {32104914},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd012277.pub3}
}

@article{vansoest2024-38311314,
  author  = {van Soest, A. P. and Beers, S. and van de Rest, O. and de Groot, L. C.},
  title   = {{The Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet for the Aging Brain: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100184},
  pmid    = {38311314},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100184}
}

@article{gates2019-30864187,
  author  = {Gates, N. J. and Rutjes, A. W. and Di Nisio, M. and Karim, S. and Chong, L. Y. and March, E. and Martínez, G. and Vernooij, R. W.},
  title   = {{Computerised cognitive training for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late life}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd012277.pub2},
  pmid    = {30864187},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd012277.pub2}
}

@article{yang2025-39793970,
  author  = {Yang, Q. and Zhang, L. and Chang, F. and Yang, H. and Chen, B. and Liu, Z.},
  title   = {{Virtual Reality Interventions for Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials}},
  journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.2196/59195},
  pmid    = {39793970},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/59195}
}

@article{liang2021-33765656,
  author  = {Liang, C. K. and Lee, W. J. and Hwang, A. C. and Lin, C. S. and Chou, M. Y. and Peng, L. N. and Lin, M. H. and Chen, L. K.},
  title   = {{Efficacy of Multidomain Intervention Against Physio-cognitive Decline Syndrome: A Cluster-randomized Trial}},
  journal = {Archives of gerontology and geriatrics},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.archger.2021.104392},
  pmid    = {33765656},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2021.104392}
}

@article{ponvel2021-34092633,
  author  = {Ponvel, P. and Shahar, S. and Singh, D. K. A. and Ludin, A. F. M. and Rajikan, R. and Rajab, N. F. and Ai-Vyrn, C. and Din, N. C. and others},
  title   = {{Multidomain Intervention for Reversal of Cognitive Frailty, Towards a Personalized Approach (AGELESS Trial): Study Design}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-201607},
  pmid    = {34092633},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-201607}
}

@article{deckers2024-38872204,
  author  = {Deckers, K. and Zwan, M. D. and Soons, L. M. and Waterink, L. and Beers, S. and van Houdt, S. and Stiensma, B. and Kwant, J. Z. and others},
  title   = {{A multidomain lifestyle intervention to maintain optimal cognitive functioning in Dutch older adults-study design and baseline characteristics of the FINGER-NL randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's research \& therapy},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13195-024-01495-8},
  pmid    = {38872204},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-024-01495-8}
}

@article{gates2019-30864746,
  author  = {Gates, N. J. and Rutjes, A. W. and Di Nisio, M. and Karim, S. and Chong, L. Y. and March, E. and Martínez, G. and Vernooij, R. W.},
  title   = {{Computerised cognitive training for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in midlife}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd012278.pub2},
  pmid    = {30864746},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd012278.pub2}
}

@article{andrews2023-37027832,
  author  = {Andrews, V. and Zammit, G. and O'Leary, F.},
  title   = {{Dietary pattern, food, and nutritional supplement effects on cognitive outcomes in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review of previous reviews}},
  journal = {Nutrition reviews},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1093/nutrit/nuad013},
  pmid    = {37027832},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuad013}
}

@article{martinezlapiscina2013-23670794,
  author  = {Martínez-Lapiscina, E. H. and Clavero, P. and Toledo, E. and Estruch, R. and Salas-Salvadó, J. and San Julián, B. and Sanchez-Tainta, A. and Ros, E. and others},
  title   = {{Mediterranean diet improves cognition: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomised trial}},
  journal = {Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1136/jnnp-2012-304792},
  pmid    = {23670794},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2012-304792}
}

@article{barnes2013-23545598,
  author  = {Barnes, D. E. and Santos-Modesitt, W. and Poelke, G. and Kramer, A. F. and Castro, C. and Middleton, L. E. and Yaffe, K.},
  title   = {{The Mental Activity and eXercise (MAX) trial: a randomized controlled trial to enhance cognitive function in older adults}},
  journal = {JAMA internal medicine},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.189},
  pmid    = {23545598},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.189}
}

@article{smith2010-20838622,
  author  = {Smith, A. D. and Smith, S. M. and de Jager, C. A. and Whitbread, P. and Johnston, C. and Agacinski, G. and Oulhaj, A. and Bradley, K. M. and others},
  title   = {{Homocysteine-lowering by B vitamins slows the rate of accelerated brain atrophy in mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0012244},
  pmid    = {20838622},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0012244}
}

@article{turunen2019-31291337,
  author  = {Turunen, M. and Hokkanen, L. and Bäckman, L. and Stigsdotter-Neely, A. and Hänninen, T. and Paajanen, T. and Soininen, H. and Kivipelto, M. and others},
  title   = {{Computer-based cognitive training for older adults: Determinants of adherence}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0219541},
  pmid    = {31291337},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219541}
}

@article{huang2023-37105521,
  author  = {Huang, L. and Tao, Y. and Chen, H. and Chen, X. and Shen, J. and Zhao, C. and Xu, X. and He, M. and others},
  title   = {{Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet and Cognitive Function and its Decline: A Prospective Study and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies}},
  journal = {The American journal of clinical nutrition},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.025},
  pmid    = {37105521},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.025}
}

@article{law2019-31801630,
  author  = {Law, L. L. F. and Mok, V. C. T. and Yau, M. M. K.},
  title   = {{Effects of functional tasks exercise on cognitive functions of older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled pilot trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's research \& therapy},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13195-019-0548-2},
  pmid    = {31801630},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-019-0548-2}
}

@article{townsend2023-36678204,
  author  = {Townsend, R. F. and Logan, D. and O'Neill, R. F. and Prinelli, F. and Woodside, J. V. and McEvoy, C. T.},
  title   = {{Whole Dietary Patterns, Cognitive Decline and Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Prospective and Intervention Studies}},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.3390/nu15020333},
  pmid    = {36678204},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15020333}
}

@article{kulmala2021-34448856,
  author  = {Kulmala, J. and Rosenberg, A. and Ngandu, T. and Hemiö, K. and Tenkula, T. and Hyytiä, A. and Vienola, M. and Huhtamäki-Kuoppala, M. and others},
  title   = {{Facilitators and barriers to implementing lifestyle intervention programme to prevent cognitive decline}},
  journal = {European journal of public health},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1093/eurpub/ckab087},
  pmid    = {34448856},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab087}
}

@article{park2021-34360490,
  author  = {Park, E. A. and Jung, A. R. and Lee, K. A.},
  title   = {{The Humanoid Robot Sil-Bot in a Cognitive Training Program for Community-Dwelling Elderly People with Mild Cognitive Impairment during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.3390/ijerph18158198},
  pmid    = {34360490},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158198}
}

@article{xue2023-37769394,
  author  = {Xue, D. and Li, P. W. C. and Yu, D. S. F. and Lin, R. S. Y.},
  title   = {{Combined exercise and cognitive interventions for adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis}},
  journal = {International journal of nursing studies},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104592},
  pmid    = {37769394},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104592}
}

@article{bhave2024-38776524,
  author  = {Bhave, V. M. and Oladele, C. R. and Ament, Z. and Kijpaisalratana, N. and Jones, A. C. and Couch, C. A. and Patki, A. and Garcia Guarniz, A. L. and others},
  title   = {{Associations Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Adverse Brain Health Outcomes}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000209432},
  pmid    = {38776524},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000209432}
}

@article{park2020-32319247,
  author  = {Park, H. K. and Jeong, J. H. and Moon, S. Y. and Park, Y. K. and Hong, C. H. and Na, H. R. and Song, H. S. and Lee, S. M. and others},
  title   = {{South Korean Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Protect Brain Health Through Lifestyle Intervention in At-Risk Elderly People: Protocol of a Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea)},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.3988/jcn.2020.16.2.292},
  pmid    = {32319247},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3988/jcn.2020.16.2.292}
}

@article{sawyer2024-39292985,
  author  = {Sawyer, R. P. and Blair, J. and Shatz, R. and Manly, J. J. and Judd, S. E.},
  title   = {{Association of Adherence to a MIND-Style Diet With the Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Decline in the REGARDS Cohort}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000209817},
  pmid    = {39292985},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000209817}
}

@article{bell2022-35901382,
  author  = {Bell, T. R. and Sprague, B. N. and Ross, L. A.},
  title   = {{Longitudinal associations of pain and cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults}},
  journal = {Psychology and aging},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1037/pag0000699},
  pmid    = {35901382},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000699}
}

@article{baker2010-20065132,
  author  = {Baker, L. D. and Frank, L. L. and Foster-Schubert, K. and Green, P. S. and Wilkinson, C. W. and McTiernan, A. and Plymate, SR. and Fishel, M. A. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of aerobic exercise on mild cognitive impairment: a controlled trial}},
  journal = {Archives of neurology},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1001/archneurol.2009.307},
  pmid    = {20065132},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2009.307}
}

@article{patnode2020-32096857,
  author  = {Patnode, C. D. and Perdue, L. A. and Rossom, R. C. and Rushkin, M. C. and Redmond, N. and Thomas, R. G. and Lin, J. S.},
  title   = {{Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.2019.22258},
  pmid    = {32096857},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2019.22258}
}

@article{rosenberg2018-29055814,
  author  = {Rosenberg, A. and Ngandu, T. and Rusanen, M. and Antikainen, R. and Bäckman, L. and Havulinna, S. and Hänninen, T. and Laatikainen, T. and others},
  title   = {{Multidomain lifestyle intervention benefits a large elderly population at risk for cognitive decline and dementia regardless of baseline characteristics: The FINGER trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jalz.2017.09.006},
  pmid    = {29055814},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2017.09.006}
}

@article{lipnicki2019-31335910,
  author  = {Lipnicki, D. M. and Makkar, SR. and Crawford, J. D. and Thalamuthu, A. and Kochan, N. A. and Lima-Costa, M. F. and Castro-Costa, E. and Ferri, C. P. and others},
  title   = {{Determinants of cognitive performance and decline in 20 diverse ethno-regional groups: A COSMIC collaboration cohort study}},
  journal = {PLoS medicine},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1002853},
  pmid    = {31335910},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002853}
}

@article{mirelman2016-27524393,
  author  = {Mirelman, A. and Rochester, L. and Maidan, I. and Del Din, S. and Alcock, L. and Nieuwhof, F. and Rikkert, M. O. and Bloem, B. R. and others},
  title   = {{Addition of a non-immersive virtual reality component to treadmill training to reduce fall risk in older adults (V-TIME): a randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31325-3},
  pmid    = {27524393},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31325-3}
}

@article{stephen2019-31164160,
  author  = {Stephen, R. and Liu, Y. and Ngandu, T. and Antikainen, R. and Hulkkonen, J. and Koikkalainen, J. and Kemppainen, N. and Lötjönen, J. and others},
  title   = {{Brain volumes and cortical thickness on MRI in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER)}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's research \& therapy},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13195-019-0506-z},
  pmid    = {31164160},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-019-0506-z}
}

@article{a2022-35150086,
  author  = {Á, Casas-Herrero and Sáez de Asteasu, M. L. and Antón-Rodrigo, I. and Sánchez-Sánchez, J. L. and Montero-Odasso, M. and Marín-Epelde, I. and Ramón-Espinoza, F. and Zambom-Ferraresi, F. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of Vivifrail multicomponent intervention on functional capacity: a multicentre, randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1002/jcsm.12925},
  pmid    = {35150086},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12925}
}

@article{baker2025-f1551689,
  author  = {Baker, L. D. and others},
  title   = {{Structured vs Self-Guided Multidomain Lifestyle Interventions for Global Cognitive Function: The US POINTER Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2025},
  pmid    = {40720610}
}

@article{reboussin2025-d972d843,
  author  = {Reboussin, D. M. and Gaussoin, S. A. and Pajewski, N. M. and Jaeger, B. C. and Sachs, B. and Rapp, SR. and Supiano, M. A. and Cleveland, M. L. and Hunter, V. and Demons, J. L. and Ogrocki, P. K. and Lerner, A. J. and Chelune, G. J. and Wadley, V. G. and Scales, M. L. and Woolard, N. F. and Perdue, L. H. and Callahan, K. E. and Williamson, J. D.},
  title   = {{Long-Term Effect of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control on Mild Cognitive Impairment and Probable Dementia in SPRINT}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2025},
  pmid    = {39819096}
}

@article{kivipelto2013-23332672,
  author  = {Kivipelto, M. and Solomon, A. and Ahtiluoto, S. and Ngandu, T. and Lehtisalo, J. and Antikainen, R. and Bäckman, L. and Hänninen, T. and others},
  title   = {{The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER): study design and progress}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jalz.2012.09.012},
  pmid    = {23332672},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2012.09.012}
}

@article{lipnicki2017-28323832,
  author  = {Lipnicki, D. M. and Crawford, J. D. and Dutta, R. and Thalamuthu, A. and Kochan, N. A. and Andrews, G. and Lima-Costa, M. F. and Castro-Costa, E. and others},
  title   = {{Age-related cognitive decline and associations with sex, education and apolipoprotein E genotype across ethnocultural groups and geographic regions: a collaborative cohort study}},
  journal = {PLoS medicine},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1002261},
  pmid    = {28323832},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002261}
}

@article{goldberg2020-32658246,
  author  = {Goldberg, T. E. and Chen, C. and Wang, Y. and Jung, E. and Swanson, A. and Ing, C. and Garcia, P. S. and Whittington, R. A. and others},
  title   = {{Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273},
  pmid    = {32658246},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273}
}

@article{singh2025-40049759,
  author  = {Singh, Ben and Bennett, Hunter and Miatke, Aaron and Dumuid, Dorothea and Curtis, Rachel Grace and Ferguson, Ty and Brinsley, Jacinta and Szeto, Kimberley and others},
  title   = {{Effectiveness of exercise for improving cognition, memory and executive function: a systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis}},
  journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1136/bjsports-2024-108589},
  pmid    = {40049759},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-108589}
}

@article{wolinsky2013-23650501,
  author  = {Wolinsky, F. D. and Vander Weg, M. W. and Howren, M. B. and Jones, M. P. and Dotson, M. M.},
  title   = {{A randomized controlled trial of cognitive training using a visual speed of processing intervention in middle aged and older adults}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0061624},
  pmid    = {23650501},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061624}
}

@article{liu2021-33434704,
  author  = {Liu, X. and Morris, M. C. and Dhana, K. and Ventrelle, J. and Johnson, K. and Bishop, L. and Hollings, C. S. and Boulin, A. and others},
  title   = {{Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) study: Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of a randomized control trial of the MIND diet on cognitive decline}},
  journal = {Contemporary clinical trials},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.cct.2021.106270},
  pmid    = {33434704},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2021.106270}
}

@article{fu2022-35967772,
  author  = {Fu, J. and Tan, L. J. and Lee, J. E. and Shin, S.},
  title   = {{Association between the mediterranean diet and cognitive health among healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Frontiers in nutrition},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnut.2022.946361},
  pmid    = {35967772},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.946361}
}

@article{nilsson2020-32157099,
  author  = {Nilsson, J. and Ö, Ekblom and Ekblom, M. and Lebedev, A. and Tarassova, O. and Moberg, M. and Lövdén, M.},
  title   = {{Acute increases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor in plasma following physical exercise relates to subsequent learning in older adults}},
  journal = {Scientific reports},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41598-020-60124-0},
  pmid    = {32157099},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60124-0}
}

@article{kulmala2019-30809801,
  author  = {Kulmala, J. and Ngandu, T. and Havulinna, S. and Levälahti, E. and Lehtisalo, J. and Solomon, A. and Antikainen, R. and Laatikainen, T. and others},
  title   = {{The Effect of Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention on Daily Functioning in Older People}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.15837},
  pmid    = {30809801},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15837}
}

@article{gavelin2022-35714854,
  author  = {Gavelin, H. M. and Domellöf, M. E. and Leung, I. and Neely, A. S. and Launder, N. H. and Nategh, L. and Finke, C. and Lampit, A.},
  title   = {{Computerized cognitive training in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Ageing research reviews},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.arr.2022.101671},
  pmid    = {35714854},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2022.101671}
}

@article{robert2020-32159519,
  author  = {Robert, P. and Manera, V. and Derreumaux, A. and Ferrandez Y Montesino, M. and Leone, E. and Fabre, R. and Bourgeois, J.},
  title   = {{Efficacy of a Web App for Cognitive Training (MeMo) Regarding Cognitive and Behavioral Performance in People With Neurocognitive Disorders: Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.2196/17167},
  pmid    = {32159519},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/17167}
}

@article{ko2022-35975663,
  author  = {Ko, M. H. and Yoon, J. Y. and Jo, Y. J. and Son, M. N. and Kim, D. S. and Kim, G. W. and Won, Y. H. and Park, S. H. and others},
  title   = {{Home-Based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Enhance Cognition in Stroke: Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Stroke},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1161/strokeaha.121.037629},
  pmid    = {35975663},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.121.037629}
}

@article{moustafa2022-35834250,
  author  = {Moustafa, B. and Trifan, G. and Isasi, C. R. and Lipton, R. B. and Sotres-Alvarez, D. and Cai, J. and Tarraf, W. and Stickel, A. and others},
  title   = {{Association of Mediterranean Diet With Cognitive Decline Among Diverse Hispanic or Latino Adults From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos}},
  journal = {JAMA network open},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.21982},
  pmid    = {35834250},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.21982}
}

@article{pellegrinilaplagne2023-35881301,
  author  = {Pellegrini-Laplagne, M. and Dupuy, O. and Sosner, P. and Bosquet, L.},
  title   = {{Effect of simultaneous exercise and cognitive training on executive functions, baroreflex sensitivity, and pre-frontal cortex oxygenation in healthy older adults: a pilot study}},
  journal = {GeroScience},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11357-022-00595-3},
  pmid    = {35881301},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-022-00595-3}
}

@article{rodella2022-34156651,
  author  = {Rodella, C. and Bernini, S. and Panzarasa, S. and Sinforiani, E. and Picascia, M. and Quaglini, S. and Cavallini, E. and Vecchi, T. and others},
  title   = {{A double-blind randomized controlled trial combining cognitive training (CoRe) and neurostimulation (tDCS) in the early stages of cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {Aging clinical and experimental research},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1007/s40520-021-01912-0},
  pmid    = {34156651},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-021-01912-0}
}

@article{lee2018-30407291,
  author  = {Lee, G. J. and Bang, H. J. and Lee, K. M. and Kong, H. H. and Seo, H. S. and Oh, M. and Bang, M.},
  title   = {{A comparison of the effects between 2 computerized cognitive training programs, Bettercog and COMCOG, on elderly patients with MCI and mild dementia: A single-blind randomized controlled study}},
  journal = {Medicine},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1097/md.0000000000013007},
  pmid    = {30407291},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000013007}
}

@article{liu2021-34527222,
  author  = {Liu, X. and Dhana, K. and Furtado, J. D. and Agarwal, P. and Aggarwal, N. T. and Tangney, C. and Laranjo, N. and Carey, V. and others},
  title   = {{Higher circulating α-carotene was associated with better cognitive function: an evaluation among the MIND trial participants}},
  journal = {Journal of nutritional science},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1017/jns.2021.56},
  pmid    = {34527222},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2021.56}
}

@article{kallio2018-29345724,
  author  = {Kallio, E. L. and Öhman, H. and Hietanen, M. and Soini, H. and Strandberg, T. E. and Kautiainen, H. and Pitkälä, K. H.},
  title   = {{Effects of Cognitive Training on Cognition and Quality of Life of Older Persons with Dementia}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.15196},
  pmid    = {29345724},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15196}
}

@article{lam2018-29289581,
  author  = {Lam, F. M. and Huang, M. Z. and Liao, L. R. and Chung, R. C. and Kwok, T. C. and Pang, M. Y.},
  title   = {{Physical exercise improves strength, balance, mobility, and endurance in people with cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review}},
  journal = {Journal of physiotherapy},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jphys.2017.12.001},
  pmid    = {29289581},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphys.2017.12.001}
}

@article{erickson2019-31095081,
  author  = {Erickson, K. I. and Hillman, C. and Stillman, C. M. and Ballard, R. M. and Bloodgood, B. and Conroy, D. E. and Macko, R. and Marquez, D. X. and others},
  title   = {{Physical Activity, Cognition, and Brain Outcomes: A Review of the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines}},
  journal = {Medicine and science in sports and exercise},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1249/mss.0000000000001936},
  pmid    = {31095081},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000001936}
}

@article{psaltopoulou2013-23720230,
  author  = {Psaltopoulou, T. and Sergentanis, T. N. and Panagiotakos, D. B. and Sergentanis, I. N. and Kosti, R. and Scarmeas, N.},
  title   = {{Mediterranean diet, stroke, cognitive impairment, and depression: A meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Annals of neurology},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1002/ana.23944},
  pmid    = {23720230},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.23944}
}

@article{baker2025-40720610,
  author  = {Baker, L. D. and Espeland, M. A. and Whitmer, R. A. and Snyder, H. M. and Leng, X. and Lovato, L. and Papp, K. V. and Yu, M. and others},
  title   = {{Structured vs Self-Guided Multidomain Lifestyle Interventions for Global Cognitive Function: The US POINTER Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.2025.12923},
  pmid    = {40720610},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.12923}
}

@article{levine2021-33630089,
  author  = {Levine, D. A. and Gross, A. L. and Briceño, E. M. and Tilton, N. and Giordani, B. J. and Sussman, J. B. and Hayward, R. A. and Burke, J. F. and others},
  title   = {{Sex Differences in Cognitive Decline Among US Adults}},
  journal = {JAMA network open},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0169},
  pmid    = {33630089},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0169}
}

@article{woods2012-22336813,
  author  = {Woods, B. and Aguirre, E. and Spector, A. E. and Orrell, M.},
  title   = {{Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd005562.pub2},
  pmid    = {22336813},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd005562.pub2}
}

@article{ngandu2015-18edebfe,
  author  = {Ngandu, T. and Lehtisalo, J. and Solomon, A. and Levälahti, E. and Ahtiluoto, S. and Antikainen, R. and Bäckman, L. and Hänninen, T. and Jula, A. and Laatikainen, T. and Lindström, J. and Mangialasche, F. and Paajanen, T. and Pajala, S. and Peltonen, M. and Rauramaa, R. and Stigsdotter-Neely, A. and Strandberg, T. and Tuomilehto, J. and Soininen, H. and Kivipelto, M.},
  title   = {{A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): a randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {The Lancet},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60461-5},
  pmid    = {25771249},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60461-5}
}

@article{yeo2024-19340c86,
  author  = {Yeo, B. S. Y. and others},
  title   = {{Cataract Surgery and Cognitive Benefits in the Older Person: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Ophthalmology},
  year    = {2024}
}

@article{young2015-25900537,
  author  = {Young, J. and Angevaren, M. and Rusted, J. and Tabet, N.},
  title   = {{Aerobic exercise to improve cognitive function in older people without known cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd005381.pub4},
  pmid    = {25900537},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd005381.pub4}
}

@article{martinezlapiscina2013-23732551,
  author  = {Martínez-Lapiscina, E. H. and Clavero, P. and Toledo, E. and San Julián, B. and Sanchez-Tainta, A. and Corella, D. and Lamuela-Raventós, R. M. and Martínez, J. A. and others},
  title   = {{Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized, trial}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-013-0027-6},
  pmid    = {23732551},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0027-6}
}

@article{woods2023-39804128,
  author  = {Woods, B. and Rai, H. K. and Elliott, E. and Aguirre, E. and Orrell, M. and Spector, A.},
  title   = {{Cognitive stimulation to improve cognitive functioning in people with dementia}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd005562.pub3},
  pmid    = {39804128},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd005562.pub3}
}

@article{richard2016-27288376,
  author  = {Richard, E. and Jongstra, S. and Soininen, H. and Brayne, C. and Moll van Charante, E. P. and Meiller, Y. and van der Groep, B. and Beishuizen, C. R. and others},
  title   = {{Healthy Ageing Through Internet Counselling in the Elderly: the HATICE randomised controlled trial for the prevention of cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {BMJ open},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010806},
  pmid    = {27288376},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010806}
}

@article{mowszowski2016-27613718,
  author  = {Mowszowski, L. and Lampit, A. and Walton, C. C. and Naismith, S. L.},
  title   = {{Strategy-Based Cognitive Training for Improving Executive Functions in Older Adults: a Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Neuropsychology review},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11065-016-9329-x},
  pmid    = {27613718},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-016-9329-x}
}

@article{lee2013-24260218,
  author  = {Lee, T. S. and Goh, S. J. and Quek, S. Y. and Phillips, R. and Guan, C. and Cheung, Y. B. and Feng, L. and Teng, S. S. and others},
  title   = {{A brain-computer interface based cognitive training system for healthy elderly: a randomized control pilot study for usability and preliminary efficacy}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0079419},
  pmid    = {24260218},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079419}
}

@article{mcmaster2020-32909259,
  author  = {McMaster, M. and Kim, S. and Clare, L. and Torres, S. J. and Cherbuin, N. and DʼEste, C. and Anstey, K. J.},
  title   = {{Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes from the Multidomain Dementia Risk Reduction Randomized Controlled Trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL-CD)}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.16762},
  pmid    = {32909259},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16762}
}

@article{tang2019-30894299,
  author  = {Tang, Y. and Xing, Y. and Zhu, Z. and He, Y. and Li, F. and Yang, J. and Liu, Q. and others},
  title   = {{The effects of 7-week cognitive training in patients with vascular cognitive impairment, no dementia (the Cog-VACCINE study): A randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jalz.2019.01.009},
  pmid    = {30894299},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.01.009}
}

@article{lehtisalo2017-28875868,
  author  = {Lehtisalo, J. and Ngandu, T. and Valve, P. and Antikainen, R. and Laatikainen, T. and Strandberg, T. and Soininen, H. and Tuomilehto, J. and others},
  title   = {{Nutrient intake and dietary changes during a 2-year multi-domain lifestyle intervention among older adults: secondary analysis of the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {The British journal of nutrition},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1017/s0007114517001982},
  pmid    = {28875868},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114517001982}
}

@article{tenbrinke2018-29378515,
  author  = {Ten Brinke, L. F. and Best, JR. and Crockett, R. A. and Liu-Ambrose, T.},
  title   = {{The effects of an 8-week computerized cognitive training program in older adults: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {BMC geriatrics},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12877-018-0730-6},
  pmid    = {29378515},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0730-6}
}

@article{mcewen2018-29480182,
  author  = {McEwen, S. C. and Siddarth, P. and Rahi, B. and Kim, Y. and Mui, W. and Wu, P. and Emerson, N. D. and Lee, J. and others},
  title   = {{Simultaneous Aerobic Exercise and Memory Training Program in Older Adults with Subjective Memory Impairments}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-170846},
  pmid    = {29480182},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-170846}
}

@article{kwok2013-22528470,
  author  = {Kwok, T. C. and Bai, X. and Li, J. C. and Ho, F. K. and Lee, T. M.},
  title   = {{Effectiveness of cognitive training in Chinese older people with subjective cognitive complaints: a randomized placebo-controlled trial}},
  journal = {International journal of geriatric psychiatry},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1002/gps.3812},
  pmid    = {22528470},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.3812}
}

@article{butz2022-35415742,
  author  = {Butz, M. and Gerriets, T. and Sammer, G. and El-Shazly, J. and Tschernatsch, M. and Huttner, H. B. and Braun, T. and Boening, A. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of postoperative cognitive training on neurocognitive decline after heart surgery: a randomized clinical trial}},
  journal = {European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1093/ejcts/ezac251},
  pmid    = {35415742},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezac251}
}

@article{xu2020-33194354,
  author  = {Xu, Z. and Zhang, D. and Lee, A. T. C. and Sit, R. W. S. and Wong, C. and Lee, E. K. P. and Yip, B. H. K. and Tiu, J. Y. S. and others},
  title   = {{A pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial on combining mind-body physical exercise, cognitive training, and nurse-led risk factor modification to reduce cognitive decline among older adults with mild cognitive impairment in primary care}},
  journal = {PeerJ},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.7717/peerj.9845},
  pmid    = {33194354},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9845}
}

@article{vanelderen2010-20837967,
  author  = {van Elderen, S. G. and de Roos, A. and de Craen, A. J. and Westendorp, R. G. and Blauw, G. J. and Jukema, J. W. and Bollen, E. L. and Middelkoop, H. A. and others},
  title   = {{Progression of brain atrophy and cognitive decline in diabetes mellitus: a 3-year follow-up}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181f25f06},
  pmid    = {20837967},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181f25f06}
}

@article{lin2023-4ecff333,
  author  = {Lin, F. R. and Pike, JR. and Albert, M. S. and others},
  title   = {{Hearing intervention versus health education control to reduce cognitive decline in older adults with hearing loss in the USA (ACHIEVE): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {The Lancet},
  year    = {2023},
  pmid    = {37478886}
}

@article{raddvagenas2018-29566197,
  author  = {Radd-Vagenas, S. and Duffy, S. L. and Naismith, S. L. and Brew, B. J. and Flood, V. M. and Fiatarone Singh, M. A.},
  title   = {{Effect of the Mediterranean diet on cognition and brain morphology and function: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials}},
  journal = {The American journal of clinical nutrition},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1093/ajcn/nqx070},
  pmid    = {29566197},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqx070}
}

@article{mccleery2018-30383288,
  author  = {McCleery, J. and Abraham, R. P. and Denton, D. A. and Rutjes, A. W. and Chong, L. Y. and Al-Assaf, A. S. and Griffith, D. J. and Rafeeq, S. and others},
  title   = {{Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd011905.pub2},
  pmid    = {30383288},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd011905.pub2}
}

@article{spector2003-12948999,
  author  = {Spector, A. and Thorgrimsen, L. and Woods, B. and Royan, L. and Davies, S. and Butterworth, M. and Orrell, M.},
  title   = {{Efficacy of an evidence-based cognitive stimulation therapy programme for people with dementia: randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science},
  year    = {2003},
  doi     = {10.1192/bjp.183.3.248},
  pmid    = {12948999},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.183.3.248}
}

@article{baker2025-40271888,
  author  = {Baker, L. D. and Pa, J. A. and Katula, J. A. and Aslanyan, V. and Salmon, D. P. and Jacobs, D. M. and Chmelo, E. A. and Hodge, H. and Morrison, R. and Matthews, G. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of exercise on cognition and Alzheimer's biomarkers in a randomized controlled trial of adults with mild cognitive impairment: The EXERT study}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& Dementia},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.14586},
  pmid    = {40271888},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14586}
}

@article{crivelli2026-42442374,
  author  = {Crivelli, L. and Suemoto, C. K. and Sosa, A. L. and Lopera, F. and Aguillón, D. and Allegri, R. F. and Nitrini, R. and Calandri, I. L. and Velilla-Jiménez, L. and Yassuda, M. S. and others},
  title   = {{Multidomain lifestyle intervention for the prevention of cognitive decline in at-risk older adults in Latin America (LatAm-FINGERS): a single-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {The Lancet},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01278-X},
  pmid    = {42442374},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01278-X}
}

@article{gomesgoncalves2023-36469335,
  author  = {Gomes Gonçalves, N. and Vidal Ferreira, N. and Khandpur, N. and Martinez Steele, E. and Bertazzi Levy, R. and Andrade Lotufo, P. and others},
  title   = {{Association Between Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods and Cognitive Decline}},
  journal = {JAMA Neurology},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.4397},
  pmid    = {36469335},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.4397}
}

@article{lovden2020-32772803,
  author  = {Lövdén, M. and Fratiglioni, L. and Glymour, M. M. and Lindenberger, U. and Tucker-Drob, E. M.},
  title   = {{Education and Cognitive Functioning Across the Life Span}},
  journal = {Psychological science in the public interest : a journal of the American Psychological Society},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1177/1529100620920576},
  pmid    = {32772803},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100620920576}
}

@article{yu2021-33523004,
  author  = {Yu, F. and Vock, D. M. and Zhang, L. and Salisbury, D. and Nelson, N. W. and Chow, L. S. and Smith, G. and Barclay, T. R. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-201100},
  pmid    = {33523004},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-201100}
}

@article{clare2019-30724405,
  author  = {Clare, L. and Kudlicka, A. and Oyebode, JR. and Jones, R. W. and Bayer, A. and Leroi, I. and Kopelman, M. and James, I. A. and others},
  title   = {{Individual goal-oriented cognitive rehabilitation to improve everyday functioning for people with early-stage dementia: A multicentre randomised controlled trial (the GREAT trial)}},
  journal = {International journal of geriatric psychiatry},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1002/gps.5076},
  pmid    = {30724405},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5076}
}

@article{coe2026-41669119,
  author  = {Coe, Norma B. and Miller, Katherine E. M. and Sun, Chuxuan and Taggert, Elizabeth and Gross, Alden L. and Jones, Richard Norman and Felix, Cynthia and Albert, Marilyn S. and others},
  title   = {{Impact of cognitive training on claims‐based diagnosed dementia over 20 years: evidence from the ACTIVE study}},
  journal = {Alzheimer s \& Dementia Translational Research \& Clinical Interventions},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1002/trc2.70197},
  pmid    = {41669119},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/trc2.70197}
}

@article{baharfuchs2017-28922158,
  author  = {Bahar-Fuchs, A. and Webb, S. and Bartsch, L. and Clare, L. and Rebok, G. and Cherbuin, N. and Anstey, K. J.},
  title   = {{Tailored and Adaptive Computerized Cognitive Training in Older Adults at Risk for Dementia: A Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-170404},
  pmid    = {28922158},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-170404}
}

@article{fekete2025-39797935,
  author  = {Fekete, M. and Varga, P. and Ungvari, Z. and Fekete, J. T. and Buda, A. and Á, Szappanos and Lehoczki, A. and Mózes, N. and others},
  title   = {{The role of the Mediterranean diet in reducing the risk of cognitive impairement, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis}},
  journal = {GeroScience},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11357-024-01488-3},
  pmid    = {39797935},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-024-01488-3}
}

@article{diamond2015-25408218,
  author  = {Diamond, K. and Mowszowski, L. and Cockayne, N. and Norrie, L. and Paradise, M. and Hermens, D. F. and Lewis, S. J. and Hickie, I. B. and others},
  title   = {{Randomized controlled trial of a healthy brain ageing cognitive training program: effects on memory, mood, and sleep}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-142061},
  pmid    = {25408218},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-142061}
}

@article{giuli2016-26952713,
  author  = {Giuli, C. and Papa, R. and Lattanzio, F. and Postacchini, D.},
  title   = {{The Effects of Cognitive Training for Elderly: Results from My Mind Project}},
  journal = {Rejuvenation research},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1089/rej.2015.1791},
  pmid    = {26952713},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1089/rej.2015.1791}
}

@article{petrelli2015-25534579,
  author  = {Petrelli, A. and Kaesberg, S. and Barbe, M. T. and Timmermann, L. and Rosen, J. B. and Fink, G. R. and Kessler, J. and Kalbe, E.},
  title   = {{Cognitive training in Parkinson's disease reduces cognitive decline in the long term}},
  journal = {European journal of neurology},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1111/ene.12621},
  pmid    = {25534579},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.12621}
}

@article{dhana2024-38315471,
  author  = {Dhana, K. and Agarwal, P. and James, B. D. and Leurgans, S. E. and Rajan, K. B. and Aggarwal, N. T. and Barnes, L. L. and Bennett, D. A. and others},
  title   = {{Healthy Lifestyle and Cognition in Older Adults With Common Neuropathologies of Dementia}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.5491},
  pmid    = {38315471},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.5491}
}

@article{yeh2019-30639273,
  author  = {Yeh, T. T. and Chang, K. C. and Wu, C. Y.},
  title   = {{The Active Ingredient of Cognitive Restoration: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Sequential Combination of Aerobic Exercise and Computer-Based Cognitive Training in Stroke Survivors With Cognitive Decline}},
  journal = {Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.apmr.2018.12.020},
  pmid    = {30639273},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2018.12.020}
}

@article{leung2015-26417460,
  author  = {Leung, N. T. and Tam, H. M. and Chu, L. W. and Kwok, T. C. and Chan, F. and Lam, L. C. and Woo, J. and Lee, T. M.},
  title   = {{Neural Plastic Effects of Cognitive Training on Aging Brain}},
  journal = {Neural plasticity},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1155/2015/535618},
  pmid    = {26417460},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/535618}
}

@article{gill2016-26285025,
  author  = {Gill, D. P. and Gregory, M. A. and Zou, G. and Liu-Ambrose, T. and Shigematsu, R. and Hachinski, V. and Fitzgerald, C. and Petrella, R. J.},
  title   = {{The Healthy Mind, Healthy Mobility Trial: A Novel Exercise Program for Older Adults}},
  journal = {Medicine and science in sports and exercise},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1249/mss.0000000000000758},
  pmid    = {26285025},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000000758}
}

@article{baharfuchs2020-30868154,
  author  = {Bahar-Fuchs, A. and Barendse, M. E. A. and Bloom, R. and Ravona-Springer, R. and Heymann, A. and Dabush, H. and Bar, L. and Slater-Barkan, S. and others},
  title   = {{Computerized Cognitive Training for Older Adults at Higher Dementia Risk due to Diabetes: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1093/gerona/glz073},
  pmid    = {30868154},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz073}
}

@article{andersonhanley2017-27337738,
  author  = {Anderson-Hanley, C. and Maloney, M. and Barcelos, N. and Striegnitz, K. and Kramer, A.},
  title   = {{Neuropsychological Benefits of Neuro-Exergaming for Older Adults: A Pilot Study of an Interactive Physical and Cognitive Exercise System (iPACES)}},
  journal = {Journal of aging and physical activity},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1123/japa.2015-0261},
  pmid    = {27337738},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2015-0261}
}

@article{shaw2003-12521968,
  author  = {Shaw, F. E. and Bond, J. and Richardson, D. A. and Dawson, P. and Steen, I. N. and McKeith, I. G. and Kenny, R. A.},
  title   = {{Multifactorial intervention after a fall in older people with cognitive impairment and dementia presenting to the accident and emergency department: randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
  year    = {2003},
  doi     = {10.1136/bmj.326.7380.73},
  pmid    = {12521968},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7380.73}
}

@article{belleville2022-35049127,
  author  = {Belleville, S. and Cloutier, S. and Mellah, S. and Willis, S. and Vellas, B. and Andrieu, S. and Coley, N. and Ngandu, T. and others},
  title   = {{Is more always better? Dose effect in a multidomain intervention in older adults at risk of dementia}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.12544},
  pmid    = {35049127},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12544}
}

@article{loughrey2018-29222544,
  author  = {Loughrey, D. G. and Kelly, M. E. and Kelley, G. A. and Brennan, S. and Lawlor, B. A.},
  title   = {{Association of Age-Related Hearing Loss With Cognitive Function, Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis}},
  journal = {JAMA otolaryngology-- head \& neck surgery},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaoto.2017.2513},
  pmid    = {29222544},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2017.2513}
}

@article{ehlenbach2010-20179286,
  author  = {Ehlenbach, W. J. and Hough, C. L. and Crane, P. K. and Haneuse, S. J. and Carson, S. S. and Curtis, JR. and Larson, E. B.},
  title   = {{Association between acute care and critical illness hospitalization and cognitive function in older adults}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.2010.167},
  pmid    = {20179286},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.167}
}

@article{riemersmavanderlek2008-18544724,
  author  = {Riemersma-van der Lek, R. F. and Swaab, D. F. and Twisk, J. and Hol, E. M. and Hoogendijk, W. J. and Van Someren, E. J.},
  title   = {{Effect of bright light and melatonin on cognitive and noncognitive function in elderly residents of group care facilities: a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {2008},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.299.22.2642},
  pmid    = {18544724},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.299.22.2642}
}

@article{singhmanoux2014-24991031,
  author  = {Singh-Manoux, A. and Dugravot, A. and Brunner, E. and Kumari, M. and Shipley, M. and Elbaz, A. and Kivimaki, M.},
  title   = {{Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein as predictors of cognitive decline in late midlife}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000000665},
  pmid    = {24991031},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000000665}
}

@article{orrell2017-28350796,
  author  = {Orrell, M. and Yates, L. and Leung, P. and Kang, S. and Hoare, Z. and Whitaker, C. and Burns, A. and others},
  title   = {{The impact of individual Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (iCST) on cognition, quality of life, caregiver health, and family relationships in dementia: A randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {PLoS medicine},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1002269},
  pmid    = {28350796},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002269}
}

@article{coyle2015-24998488,
  author  = {Coyle, H. and Traynor, V. and Solowij, N.},
  title   = {{Computerized and virtual reality cognitive training for individuals at high risk of cognitive decline: systematic review of the literature}},
  journal = {The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jagp.2014.04.009},
  pmid    = {24998488},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2014.04.009}
}

@article{kang2021-33955835,
  author  = {Kang, J. M. and Kim, N. and Lee, S. Y. and Woo, S. K. and Park, G. and Yeon, B. K. and Park, J. W. and Youn, J. H. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of Cognitive Training in Fully Immersive Virtual Reality on Visuospatial Function and Frontal-Occipital Functional Connectivity in Predementia: Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.2196/24526},
  pmid    = {33955835},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/24526}
}

@article{smithray2014-25274713,
  author  = {Smith-Ray, R. L. and Makowski-Woidan, B. and Hughes, S. L.},
  title   = {{A randomized trial to measure the impact of a community-based cognitive training intervention on balance and gait in cognitively intact Black older adults}},
  journal = {Health education \& behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1177/1090198114537068},
  pmid    = {25274713},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198114537068}
}

@article{barbaresko2020-32427314,
  author  = {Barbaresko, J. and Lellmann, A. W. and Schmidt, A. and Lehmann, A. and Amini, A. M. and Egert, S. and Schlesinger, S. and Nöthlings, U.},
  title   = {{Dietary Factors and Neurodegenerative Disorders: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Prospective Studies}},
  journal = {Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1093/advances/nmaa053},
  pmid    = {32427314},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa053}
}

@article{wade2020-30409085,
  author  = {Wade, A. T. and Davis, C. R. and Dyer, K. A. and Hodgson, J. M. and Woodman, R. J. and Keage, H. A. D. and Murphy, K. J.},
  title   = {{A Mediterranean diet supplemented with dairy foods improves mood and processing speed in an Australian sample: results from the MedDairy randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Nutritional neuroscience},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1080/1028415x.2018.1543148},
  pmid    = {30409085},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415x.2018.1543148}
}

@article{hassandra2021-33759797,
  author  = {Hassandra, M. and Galanis, E. and Hatzigeorgiadis, A. and Goudas, M. and Mouzakidis, C. and Karathanasi, E. M. and Petridou, N. and Tsolaki, M. and others},
  title   = {{Α Virtual Reality App for Physical and Cognitive Training of Older People With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study}},
  journal = {JMIR serious games},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.2196/24170},
  pmid    = {33759797},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/24170}
}

@article{chae2023-36468299,
  author  = {Chae, H. J. and Lee, S. H.},
  title   = {{Effectiveness of online-based cognitive intervention in community-dwelling older adults with cognitive dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {International journal of geriatric psychiatry},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1002/gps.5853},
  pmid    = {36468299},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.5853}
}

@article{gauci2022-34392373,
  author  = {Gauci, S. and Young, L. M. and Arnoldy, L. and Lassemillante, A. C. and Scholey, A. and Pipingas, A.},
  title   = {{Dietary patterns in middle age: effects on concurrent neurocognition and risk of age-related cognitive decline}},
  journal = {Nutrition reviews},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1093/nutrit/nuab047},
  pmid    = {34392373},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuab047}
}

@article{berggren2020-32011156,
  author  = {Berggren, R. and Nilsson, J. and Brehmer, Y. and Schmiedek, F. and Lövdén, M.},
  title   = {{Foreign language learning in older age does not improve memory or intelligence: Evidence from a randomized controlled study}},
  journal = {Psychology and aging},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1037/pag0000439},
  pmid    = {32011156},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000439}
}

@article{yaffe1998-9496988,
  author  = {Yaffe, K. and Sawaya, G. and Lieberburg, I. and Grady, D.},
  title   = {{Estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women: effects on cognitive function and dementia}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {1998},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.279.9.688},
  pmid    = {9496988},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.279.9.688}
}

@article{wayne2014-24383523,
  author  = {Wayne, P. M. and Walsh, J. N. and Taylor-Piliae, R. E. and Wells, R. E. and Papp, K. V. and Donovan, N. J. and Yeh, G. Y.},
  title   = {{Effect of tai chi on cognitive performance in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.12611},
  pmid    = {24383523},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.12611}
}

@article{andersonhanley2012-22261206,
  author  = {Anderson-Hanley, C. and Arciero, P. J. and Brickman, A. M. and Nimon, J. P. and Okuma, N. and Westen, S. C. and Merz, M. E. and Pence, B. D. and others},
  title   = {{Exergaming and older adult cognition: a cluster randomized clinical trial}},
  journal = {American journal of preventive medicine},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.amepre.2011.10.016},
  pmid    = {22261206},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.10.016}
}

@article{peel2019-29917045,
  author  = {Peel, N. M. and Alapatt, L. J. and Jones, L. V. and Hubbard, R. E.},
  title   = {{The Association Between Gait Speed and Cognitive Status in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis}},
  journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1093/gerona/gly140},
  pmid    = {29917045},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gly140}
}

@article{corbett2015-26543007,
  author  = {Corbett, A. and Owen, A. and Hampshire, A. and Grahn, J. and Stenton, R. and Dajani, S. and Burns, A. and Howard, R. and others},
  title   = {{The Effect of an Online Cognitive Training Package in Healthy Older Adults: An Online Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Medical Directors Association},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jamda.2015.06.014},
  pmid    = {26543007},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2015.06.014}
}

@article{davis2017-28114436,
  author  = {Davis, D. H. and Muniz-Terrera, G. and Keage, H. A. and Stephan, B. C. and Fleming, J. and Ince, P. G. and Matthews, F. E. and Cunningham, C. and others},
  title   = {{Association of Delirium With Cognitive Decline in Late Life: A Neuropathologic Study of 3 Population-Based Cohort Studies}},
  journal = {JAMA psychiatry},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.3423},
  pmid    = {28114436},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.3423}
}

@article{boyle2018-29244218,
  author  = {Boyle, P. A. and Yu, L. and Wilson, R. S. and Leurgans, S. E. and Schneider, J. A. and Bennett, D. A.},
  title   = {{Person-specific contribution of neuropathologies to cognitive loss in old age}},
  journal = {Annals of neurology},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1002/ana.25123},
  pmid    = {29244218},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.25123}
}

@article{glabska2020-31906271,
  author  = {Głąbska, D. and Guzek, D. and Groele, B. and Gutkowska, K.},
  title   = {{Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mental Health in Adults: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.3390/nu12010115},
  pmid    = {31906271},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12010115}
}

@article{smith2010-20305128,
  author  = {Smith, P. J. and Blumenthal, J. A. and Babyak, M. A. and Craighead, L. and Welsh-Bohmer, K. A. and Browndyke, J. N. and Strauman, T. A. and Sherwood, A.},
  title   = {{Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure}},
  journal = {Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.146795},
  pmid    = {20305128},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.146795}
}

@article{barbera2018-29480185,
  author  = {Barbera, M. and Mangialasche, F. and Jongstra, S. and Guillemont, J. and Ngandu, T. and Beishuizen, C. and Coley, N. and Brayne, C. and others},
  title   = {{Designing an Internet-Based Multidomain Intervention for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: The HATICE Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-170858},
  pmid    = {29480185},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-170858}
}

@article{baker2012-22869065,
  author  = {Baker, L. D. and Barsness, S. M. and Borson, S. and Merriam, G. R. and Friedman, S. D. and Craft, S. and Vitiello, M. V.},
  title   = {{Effects of growth hormone–releasing hormone on cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults: results of a controlled trial}},
  journal = {Archives of neurology},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1001/archneurol.2012.1970},
  pmid    = {22869065},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2012.1970}
}

@article{grodstein2013-24490265,
  author  = {Grodstein, F. and O'Brien, J. and Kang, J. H. and Dushkes, R. and Cook, N. R. and Okereke, O. and Manson, J. E. and Glynn, R. J. and others},
  title   = {{Long-term multivitamin supplementation and cognitive function in men: a randomized trial}},
  journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.7326/0003-4819-159-12-201312170-00006},
  pmid    = {24490265},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-12-201312170-00006}
}

@article{liuambrose2022-36227593,
  author  = {Liu-Ambrose, T. and Falck, R. S. and Dao, E. and Best, JR. and Davis, J. C. and Bennett, K. and Hall, P. A. and Hsiung, G. R. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of Exercise Training or Complex Mental and Social Activities on Cognitive Function in Adults With Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA network open},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36510},
  pmid    = {36227593},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36510}
}

@article{wang2010-18805604,
  author  = {Wang, S. and Jacobs, D. and Andrews, H. and Tsai, W. Y. and Luo, X. and Bergmann, C. and Sano, M.},
  title   = {{Cardiovascular risk and memory in non-demented elderly women}},
  journal = {Neurobiology of aging},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.08.007},
  pmid    = {18805604},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.08.007}
}

@article{ahlskog2011-21878600,
  author  = {Ahlskog, J. E. and Geda, Y. E. and Graff-Radford, N. R. and Petersen, R. C.},
  title   = {{Physical exercise as a preventive or disease-modifying treatment of dementia and brain aging}},
  journal = {Mayo Clinic proceedings},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.4065/mcp.2011.0252},
  pmid    = {21878600},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.4065/mcp.2011.0252}
}

@article{anastasiou2017-28763509,
  author  = {Anastasiou, C. A. and Yannakoulia, M. and Kosmidis, M. H. and Dardiotis, E. and Hadjigeorgiou, G. M. and Sakka, P. and Arampatzi, X. and Bougea, A. and others},
  title   = {{Mediterranean diet and cognitive health: Initial results from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Ageing and Diet}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0182048},
  pmid    = {28763509},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0182048}
}

@article{luchetti2016-25583598,
  author  = {Luchetti, M. and Terracciano, A. and Stephan, Y. and Sutin, A. R.},
  title   = {{Personality and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Data From a Longitudinal Sample and Meta-Analysis}},
  journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1093/geronb/gbu184},
  pmid    = {25583598},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbu184}
}

@article{groot2016-26607411,
  author  = {Groot, C. and Hooghiemstra, A. M. and Raijmakers, P. G. and van Berckel, B. N. and Scheltens, P. and Scherder, E. J. and van der Flier, W. M. and Ossenkoppele, R.},
  title   = {{The effect of physical activity on cognitive function in patients with dementia: A meta-analysis of randomized control trials}},
  journal = {Ageing research reviews},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.arr.2015.11.005},
  pmid    = {26607411},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2015.11.005}
}

@article{dejager2012-21780182,
  author  = {de Jager, C. A. and Oulhaj, A. and Jacoby, R. and Refsum, H. and Smith, A. D.},
  title   = {{Cognitive and clinical outcomes of homocysteine-lowering B-vitamin treatment in mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {International journal of geriatric psychiatry},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1002/gps.2758},
  pmid    = {21780182},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.2758}
}

@article{zaninotto2018-29691286,
  author  = {Zaninotto, P. and Batty, G. D. and Allerhand, M. and Deary, I. J.},
  title   = {{Cognitive function trajectories and their determinants in older people: 8 years of follow-up in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing}},
  journal = {Journal of epidemiology and community health},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1136/jech-2017-210116},
  pmid    = {29691286},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-210116}
}

@article{rutjes2018-30556597,
  author  = {Rutjes, A. W. and Denton, D. A. and Di Nisio, M. and Chong, L. Y. and Abraham, R. P. and Al-Assaf, A. S. and Anderson, J. L. and Malik, M. A. and others},
  title   = {{Vitamin and mineral supplementation for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in mid and late life}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd011906.pub2},
  pmid    = {30556597},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd011906.pub2}
}

@article{berendsen2018-29380849,
  author  = {Berendsen, A. M. and Kang, J. H. and Feskens, E. J. M. and de Groot, C. P. G. M. and Grodstein, F. and van de Rest, O.},
  title   = {{Association of Long-Term Adherence to the MIND Diet with Cognitive Function and Cognitive Decline in American Women}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-017-0909-0},
  pmid    = {29380849},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-017-0909-0}
}

@article{solfrizzi1999-10331679,
  author  = {Solfrizzi, V. and Panza, F. and Torres, F. and Mastroianni, F. and Del Parigi, A. and Venezia, A. and Capurso, A.},
  title   = {{High monounsaturated fatty acids intake protects against age-related cognitive decline}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {1999},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.52.8.1563},
  pmid    = {10331679},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.52.8.1563}
}

@article{bhome2018-30030318,
  author  = {Bhome, R. and Berry, A. J. and Huntley, J. D. and Howard, R. J.},
  title   = {{Interventions for subjective cognitive decline: systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {BMJ open},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021610},
  pmid    = {30030318},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021610}
}

@article{gavelin2020-32266520,
  author  = {Gavelin, H. M. and Lampit, A. and Hallock, H. and Sabatés, J. and Bahar-Fuchs, A.},
  title   = {{Cognition-Oriented Treatments for Older Adults: a Systematic Overview of Systematic Reviews}},
  journal = {Neuropsychology review},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11065-020-09434-8},
  pmid    = {32266520},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-020-09434-8}
}

@article{chan2013-24154648,
  author  = {Chan, R. and Chan, D. and Woo, J.},
  title   = {{A cross sectional study to examine the association between dietary patterns and cognitive impairment in older Chinese people in Hong Kong}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-013-0348-5},
  pmid    = {24154648},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0348-5}
}

@article{tenbrinke2017-28693437,
  author  = {Ten Brinke, L. F. and Davis, J. C. and Barha, C. K. and Liu-Ambrose, T.},
  title   = {{Effects of computerized cognitive training on neuroimaging outcomes in older adults: a systematic review}},
  journal = {BMC geriatrics},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12877-017-0529-x},
  pmid    = {28693437},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-017-0529-x}
}

@article{cruzgonzalez2018-30386223,
  author  = {Cruz Gonzalez, P. and Fong, K. N. K. and Chung, R. C. K. and Ting, K. H. and Law, L. L. F. and Brown, T.},
  title   = {{Can Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation Alone or Combined With Cognitive Training Be Used as a Clinical Intervention to Improve Cognitive Functioning in Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis}},
  journal = {Frontiers in human neuroscience},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnhum.2018.00416},
  pmid    = {30386223},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00416}
}

@article{mcadamsdemarco2018-29340317,
  author  = {McAdams-DeMarco, M. A. and Konel, J. and Warsame, F. and Ying, H. and González Fernández, M. and Carlson, M. C. and Fine, D. M. and Appel, L. J. and others},
  title   = {{Intradialytic Cognitive and Exercise Training May Preserve Cognitive Function}},
  journal = {Kidney international reports},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.ekir.2017.08.006},
  pmid    = {29340317},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ekir.2017.08.006}
}

@article{zhao2018-30087557,
  author  = {Zhao, J. and Li, H. and Lin, R. and Wei, Y. and Yang, A.},
  title   = {{Effects of creative expression therapy for older adults with mild cognitive impairment at risk of Alzheimer's disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial}},
  journal = {Clinical interventions in aging},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.2147/cia.s161861},
  pmid    = {30087557},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s161861}
}

@article{lin2013-23083533,
  author  = {Lin, F. and Chen, D. G. and Vance, D. E. and Ball, K. K. and Mapstone, M.},
  title   = {{Longitudinal relationships between subjective fatigue, cognitive function, and everyday functioning in old age}},
  journal = {International psychogeriatrics},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1017/s1041610212001718},
  pmid    = {23083533},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212001718}
}

@article{bellens2020-32554133,
  author  = {Bellens, A. and Roelant, E. and Sabbe, B. and Peeters, M. and van Dam, P. A.},
  title   = {{A video-game based cognitive training for breast cancer survivors with cognitive impairment: A prospective randomized pilot trial}},
  journal = {Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland)},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.breast.2020.06.003},
  pmid    = {32554133},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2020.06.003}
}

@article{peng2019-31886216,
  author  = {Peng, Z. and Jiang, H. and Wang, X. and Huang, K. and Zuo, Y. and Wu, X. and Abdullah, A. S. and Yang, L.},
  title   = {{The Efficacy of Cognitive Training for Elderly Chinese Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment}},
  journal = {BioMed research international},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1155/2019/4347281},
  pmid    = {31886216},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4347281}
}

@article{buitenweg2017-29209183,
  author  = {Buitenweg, J. I. V. and van de Ven, R. M. and Prinssen, S. and Murre, J. M. J. and Ridderinkhof, K. R.},
  title   = {{Cognitive Flexibility Training: A Large-Scale Multimodal Adaptive Active-Control Intervention Study in Healthy Older Adults}},
  journal = {Frontiers in human neuroscience},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnhum.2017.00529},
  pmid    = {29209183},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00529}
}

@article{marciniak2020-32848377,
  author  = {Marciniak, R. and Šumec, R. and Vyhnálek, M. and Bendíčková, K. and Lázničková, P. and Forte, G. and Jeleník, A. and Římalová, V. and others},
  title   = {{The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on Depression, Cognition, and Immunity in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Feasibility Study}},
  journal = {Clinical interventions in aging},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.2147/cia.s249196},
  pmid    = {32848377},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s249196}
}

@article{kwok2013-23440076,
  author  = {Kwok, T. and Wong, A. and Chan, G. and Shiu, Y. Y. and Lam, K. C. and Young, D. and Ho, D. W. and Ho, F.},
  title   = {{Effectiveness of cognitive training for Chinese elderly in Hong Kong}},
  journal = {Clinical interventions in aging},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.2147/cia.s38070},
  pmid    = {23440076},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s38070}
}

@article{murukesu2020-33014971,
  author  = {Murukesu, R. R. and Singh, D. K. A. and Shahar, S. and Subramaniam, P.},
  title   = {{A Multi-Domain Intervention Protocol for the Potential Reversal of Cognitive Frailty: "WE-RISE" Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Frontiers in public health},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.3389/fpubh.2020.00471},
  pmid    = {33014971},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00471}
}

@article{desousa2020-32280093,
  author  = {de Sousa, A. V. C. and Grittner, U. and Rujescu, D. and Külzow, N. and Flöel, A.},
  title   = {{Impact of 3-Day Combined Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation-Visuospatial Training on Object-Location Memory in Healthy Older Adults and Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-191234},
  pmid    = {32280093},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-191234}
}

@article{lenze2020-32212856,
  author  = {Lenze, E. J. and Stevens, A. and Waring, J. D. and Pham, V. T. and Haddad, R. and Shimony, J. and Miller, J. P. and Bowie, C. R.},
  title   = {{Augmenting Computerized Cognitive Training With Vortioxetine for Age-Related Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {The American journal of psychiatry},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19050561},
  pmid    = {32212856},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.19050561}
}

@article{mcmaster2018-30538436,
  author  = {McMaster, M. and Kim, S. and Clare, L. and Torres, S. J. and D'Este, C. and Anstey, K. J.},
  title   = {{Body, Brain, Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL-CD): protocol for a multidomain dementia risk reduction randomized controlled trial for subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {Clinical interventions in aging},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.2147/cia.s182046},
  pmid    = {30538436},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s182046}
}

@article{hardman2015-26003546,
  author  = {Hardman, R. J. and Kennedy, G. and Macpherson, H. and Scholey, A. B. and Pipingas, A.},
  title   = {{A randomised controlled trial investigating the effects of Mediterranean diet and aerobic exercise on cognition in cognitively healthy older people living independently within aged care facilities: the Lifestyle Intervention in Independent Living Aged Care (LIILAC) study protocol [ACTRN12614001133628]}},
  journal = {Nutrition journal},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12937-015-0042-z},
  pmid    = {26003546},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-015-0042-z}
}

@article{clark2016-26644115,
  author  = {Clark, D. O. and Xu, H. and Unverzagt, F. W. and Hendrie, H.},
  title   = {{Does targeted cognitive training reduce educational disparities in cognitive function among cognitively normal older adults?}},
  journal = {International journal of geriatric psychiatry},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1002/gps.4395},
  pmid    = {26644115},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.4395}
}

@article{moyle2013-23506125,
  author  = {Moyle, W. and Cooke, M. and Beattie, E. and Jones, C. and Klein, B. and Cook, G. and Gray, C.},
  title   = {{Exploring the effect of companion robots on emotional expression in older adults with dementia: a pilot randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Journal of gerontological nursing},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.3928/00989134-20130313-03},
  pmid    = {23506125},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20130313-03}
}

@article{lingehall2017-28481752,
  author  = {Lingehall, H. C. and Smulter, N. S. and Lindahl, E. and Lindkvist, M. and Engström, K. G. and Gustafson, Y. G. and Olofsson, B.},
  title   = {{Preoperative Cognitive Performance and Postoperative Delirium Are Independently Associated With Future Dementia in Older People Who Have Undergone Cardiac Surgery: A Longitudinal Cohort Study}},
  journal = {Critical care medicine},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1097/ccm.0000000000002483},
  pmid    = {28481752},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0000000000002483}
}

@article{mahmoudi2019-31486068,
  author  = {Mahmoudi, E. and Basu, T. and Langa, K. and McKee, M. M. and Zazove, P. and Alexander, N. and Kamdar, N.},
  title   = {{Can Hearing Aids Delay Time to Diagnosis of Dementia, Depression, or Falls in Older Adults?}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.16109},
  pmid    = {31486068},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16109}
}

@article{thacker2013-23739229,
  author  = {Thacker, E. L. and McKnight, B. and Psaty, B. M. and Longstreth, W. T. and Sitlani, C. M. and Dublin, S. and Arnold, A. M. and Fitzpatrick, A. L. and others},
  title   = {{Atrial fibrillation and cognitive decline: a longitudinal cohort study}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0b013e31829a33d1},
  pmid    = {23739229},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0b013e31829a33d1}
}

@article{turpin2025-39919257,
  author  = {Turpin, A. L. and Felisatti, F. and Chauveau, L. and Haudry, S. and Mézenge, F. and Landeau, B. and Vivien, D. and De La Sayette, V. and others},
  title   = {{Association Between Lifestyle at Different Life Periods and Brain Integrity in Older Adults}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000213347},
  pmid    = {39919257},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000213347}
}

@article{lithell2003-12714861,
  author  = {Lithell, H. and Hansson, L. and Skoog, I. and Elmfeldt, D. and Hofman, A. and Olofsson, B. and Trenkwalder, P. and Zanchetti, A. and others},
  title   = {{The Study on Cognition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE): principal results of a randomized double-blind intervention trial}},
  journal = {Journal of hypertension},
  year    = {2003},
  doi     = {10.1097/00004872-200305000-00011},
  pmid    = {12714861},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/00004872-200305000-00011}
}

@article{watne2014-24735588,
  author  = {Watne, L. O. and Torbergsen, A. C. and Conroy, S. and Engedal, K. and Frihagen, F. and Hjorthaug, G. A. and Juliebo, V. and Raeder, J. and others},
  title   = {{The effect of a pre- and postoperative orthogeriatric service on cognitive function in patients with hip fracture: randomized controlled trial (Oslo Orthogeriatric Trial)}},
  journal = {BMC medicine},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1186/1741-7015-12-63},
  pmid    = {24735588},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-12-63}
}

@article{waldstein2008-18025297,
  author  = {Waldstein, SR. and Rice, S. C. and Thayer, J. F. and Najjar, S. S. and Scuteri, A. and Zonderman, A. B.},
  title   = {{Pulse pressure and pulse wave velocity are related to cognitive decline in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging}},
  journal = {Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)},
  year    = {2008},
  doi     = {10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.093674},
  pmid    = {18025297},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.107.093674}
}

@article{jia2019-31266451,
  author  = {Jia, R. X. and Liang, J. H. and Xu, Y. and Wang, Y. Q.},
  title   = {{Effects of physical activity and exercise on the cognitive function of patients with Alzheimer disease: a meta-analysis}},
  journal = {BMC geriatrics},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12877-019-1175-2},
  pmid    = {31266451},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1175-2}
}

@article{sarkamo2014-24009169,
  author  = {Särkämö, T. and Tervaniemi, M. and Laitinen, S. and Numminen, A. and Kurki, M. and Johnson, J. K. and Rantanen, P.},
  title   = {{Cognitive, emotional, and social benefits of regular musical activities in early dementia: randomized controlled study}},
  journal = {The Gerontologist},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1093/geront/gnt100},
  pmid    = {24009169},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnt100}
}

@article{asaoka2022-35570493,
  author  = {Asaoka, D. and Xiao, J. and Takeda, T. and Yanagisawa, N. and Yamazaki, T. and Matsubara, Y. and Sugiyama, H. and Endo, N. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of Probiotic Bifidobacterium breve in Improving Cognitive Function and Preventing Brain Atrophy in Older Patients with Suspected Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results of a 24-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-220148},
  pmid    = {35570493},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-220148}
}

@article{jaussent2012-22942498,
  author  = {Jaussent, I. and Bouyer, J. and Ancelin, M. L. and Berr, C. and Foubert-Samier, A. and Ritchie, K. and Ohayon, M. M. and Besset, A. and others},
  title   = {{Excessive sleepiness is predictive of cognitive decline in the elderly}},
  journal = {Sleep},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.5665/sleep.2070},
  pmid    = {22942498},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.2070}
}

@article{ponvel2025-40361174,
  author  = {Ponvel, Pavapriya and Shahar, Suzana and Singh, Devinder Kaur Ajit and Ludin, Arimi Fitri Mat and Subramaniam, Ponnusamy and Ibrahim, Norhayati and Haron, Hasnah and Ismail, Aniza Binti and others},
  title   = {{The cost effectiveness of a multidomain intervention on physical, cognitive, vascular, dietary and psychosocial outcomes among community dwelling older adults with cognitive frailty in Malaysia: The AGELESS Trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer s Research \& Therapy},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13195-025-01722-w},
  pmid    = {40361174},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-025-01722-w}
}

@article{fernandezgamez2026-41562376,
  author  = {Fernandez-Gamez, B. and Solis-Urra, P. and Coca-Pulido, A. and Molina-Hidalgo, C. and Olvera-Rojas, M. and Bakker, E. A. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of a 24-week resistance exercise intervention on cognitive function in cognitively normal older adults: The AGUEDA randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& Dementia},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.71019},
  pmid    = {41562376},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71019}
}

@article{jerneren2015-25877495,
  author  = {Jernerén, F. and Elshorbagy, A. K. and Oulhaj, A. and Smith, S. M. and Refsum, H. and Smith, A. D.},
  title   = {{Brain atrophy in cognitively impaired elderly: the importance of long-chain ω-3 fatty acids and B vitamin status in a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {The American journal of clinical nutrition},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.3945/ajcn.114.103283},
  pmid    = {25877495},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.103283}
}

@article{ohman2016-27037872,
  author  = {Öhman, H. and Savikko, N. and Strandberg, T. E. and Kautiainen, H. and Raivio, M. M. and Laakkonen, M. L. and Tilvis, R. and Pitkälä, K. H.},
  title   = {{Effects of Exercise on Cognition: The Finnish Alzheimer Disease Exercise Trial: A Randomized, Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.14059},
  pmid    = {27037872},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.14059}
}

@article{cheung2023-36767702,
  author  = {Cheung, T. and Li, T. M. H. and Ho, Y. S. and Kranz, G. and Fong, K. N. K. and Leung, S. F. and Lam, S. C. and Yeung, W. F. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of Transcranial Pulse Stimulation (TPS) on Adults with Symptoms of Depression-A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.3390/ijerph20032333},
  pmid    = {36767702},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032333}
}

@article{zhang2026-41870419,
  author  = {Zhang, R. and Vidoni, E. and Vongpatanasin, W. and Kerwin, D. R. and Cullum, C. M. and Rossetti, H. and Stowe, A. M. and Billinger, S. A. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of Exercise and Intensive Vascular Risk Reduction on Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.0359},
  pmid    = {41870419},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.0359}
}

@article{vandenbrink2019-31209456,
  author  = {van den Brink, A. C. and Brouwer-Brolsma, E. M. and Berendsen, A. A. M. and van de Rest, O.},
  title   = {{The Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diets Are Associated with Less Cognitive Decline and a Lower Risk of Alzheimer's Disease-A Review}},
  journal = {Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1093/advances/nmz054},
  pmid    = {31209456},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz054}
}

@article{brasure2018-29255839,
  author  = {Brasure, M. and Desai, P. and Davila, H. and Nelson, V. A. and Calvert, C. and Jutkowitz, E. and Butler, M. and Fink, H. A. and others},
  title   = {{Physical Activity Interventions in Preventing Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer-Type Dementia: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.7326/m17-1528},
  pmid    = {29255839},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.7326/m17-1528}
}

@article{butler2018-29255842,
  author  = {Butler, M. and McCreedy, E. and Nelson, V. A. and Desai, P. and Ratner, E. and Fink, H. A. and Hemmy, L. S. and McCarten, JR. and others},
  title   = {{Does Cognitive Training Prevent Cognitive Decline?: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.7326/m17-1531},
  pmid    = {29255842},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.7326/m17-1531}
}

@article{langa2008-18631957,
  author  = {Langa, K. M. and Larson, E. B. and Karlawish, J. H. and Cutler, D. M. and Kabeto, M. U. and Kim, S. Y. and Rosen, A. B.},
  title   = {{Trends in the prevalence and mortality of cognitive impairment in the United States: is there evidence of a compression of cognitive morbidity?}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2008},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jalz.2008.01.001},
  pmid    = {18631957},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2008.01.001}
}

@article{delgadosaborit2021-33340865,
  author  = {Delgado-Saborit, J. M. and Guercio, V. and Gowers, A. M. and Shaddick, G. and Fox, N. C. and Love, S.},
  title   = {{A critical review of the epidemiological evidence of effects of air pollution on dementia, cognitive function and cognitive decline in adult population}},
  journal = {The Science of the total environment},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143734},
  pmid    = {33340865},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143734}
}

@article{levine2020-32282019,
  author  = {Levine, D. A. and Gross, A. L. and Briceño, E. M. and Tilton, N. and Kabeto, M. U. and Hingtgen, S. M. and Giordani, B. J. and Sussman, J. B. and others},
  title   = {{Association Between Blood Pressure and Later-Life Cognition Among Black and White Individuals}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.0568},
  pmid    = {32282019},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.0568}
}

@article{hampshire2021-34316551,
  author  = {Hampshire, A. and Trender, W. and Chamberlain, SR. and Jolly, A. E. and Grant, J. E. and Patrick, F. and Mazibuko, N. and Williams, S. C. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive deficits in people who have recovered from COVID-19}},
  journal = {EClinicalMedicine},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101044},
  pmid    = {34316551},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101044}
}

@article{fotenos2005-15781822,
  author  = {Fotenos, A. F. and Snyder, A. Z. and Girton, L. E. and Morris, J. C. and Buckner, R. L.},
  title   = {{Normative estimates of cross-sectional and longitudinal brain volume decline in aging and AD}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2005},
  doi     = {10.1212/01.wnl.0000154530.72969.11},
  pmid    = {15781822},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000154530.72969.11}
}

@article{gates2011-21942932,
  author  = {Gates, N. J. and Sachdev, P. S. and Fiatarone Singh, M. A. and Valenzuela, M.},
  title   = {{Cognitive and memory training in adults at risk of dementia: a systematic review}},
  journal = {BMC geriatrics},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1186/1471-2318-11-55},
  pmid    = {21942932},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-11-55}
}

@article{fortier2021-33103819,
  author  = {Fortier, M. and Castellano, C. A. and St-Pierre, V. and É, Myette-Côté and Langlois, F. and Roy, M. and Morin, M. C. and Bocti, C. and others},
  title   = {{A ketogenic drink improves cognition in mild cognitive impairment: Results of a 6-month RCT}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.12206},
  pmid    = {33103819},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12206}
}

@article{thapa2020-32365533,
  author  = {Thapa, N. and Park, H. J. and Yang, J. G. and Son, H. and Jang, M. and Lee, J. and Kang, S. W. and Park, K. W. and others},
  title   = {{The Effect of a Virtual Reality-Based Intervention Program on Cognition in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Control Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of clinical medicine},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.3390/jcm9051283},
  pmid    = {32365533},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9051283}
}

@article{lam2015-25826620,
  author  = {Lam, L. C. and Chan, W. C. and Leung, T. and Fung, A. W. and Leung, E. M.},
  title   = {{Would older adults with mild cognitive impairment adhere to and benefit from a structured lifestyle activity intervention to enhance cognition?: a cluster randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0118173},
  pmid    = {25826620},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118173}
}

@article{aung2023-36930639,
  author  = {Aung, Htein Linn and Alagaratnam, Jasmini and Chan, Phillip and Chow, Felicia C. and Joska, John A. and Falutz, Julian and Letendre, Scott Lee and Lin, Woody and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive Health in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The Impact of Early Treatment, Comorbidities, and Aging}},
  journal = {The Journal of Infectious Diseases},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1093/infdis/jiac388},
  pmid    = {36930639},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac388}
}

@article{plassman2010-20547887,
  author  = {Plassman, B. L. and Williams, J. W. and Burke, JR. and Holsinger, T. and Benjamin, S.},
  title   = {{Systematic review: factors associated with risk for and possible prevention of cognitive decline in later life}},
  journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.7326/0003-4819-153-3-201008030-00258},
  pmid    = {20547887},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-3-201008030-00258}
}

@article{gavelin2021-33249177,
  author  = {Gavelin, H. M. and Dong, C. and Minkov, R. and Bahar-Fuchs, A. and Ellis, K. A. and Lautenschlager, N. T. and Mellow, M. L. and Wade, A. T. and others},
  title   = {{Combined physical and cognitive training for older adults with and without cognitive impairment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials}},
  journal = {Ageing research reviews},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.arr.2020.101232},
  pmid    = {33249177},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2020.101232}
}

@article{hardman2016-27500135,
  author  = {Hardman, R. J. and Kennedy, G. and Macpherson, H. and Scholey, A. B. and Pipingas, A.},
  title   = {{Adherence to a Mediterranean-Style Diet and Effects on Cognition in Adults: A Qualitative Evaluation and Systematic Review of Longitudinal and Prospective Trials}},
  journal = {Frontiers in nutrition},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnut.2016.00022},
  pmid    = {27500135},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2016.00022}
}

@article{samieri2013-23676264,
  author  = {Samieri, C. and Grodstein, F. and Rosner, B. A. and Kang, J. H. and Cook, N. R. and Manson, J. E. and Buring, J. E. and Willett, W. C. and others},
  title   = {{Mediterranean diet and cognitive function in older age}},
  journal = {Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1097/ede.0b013e318294a065},
  pmid    = {23676264},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/ede.0b013e318294a065}
}

@article{kheirouri2022-33989093,
  author  = {Kheirouri, S. and Alizadeh, M.},
  title   = {{MIND diet and cognitive performance in older adults: a systematic review}},
  journal = {Critical reviews in food science and nutrition},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1080/10408398.2021.1925220},
  pmid    = {33989093},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1925220}
}

@article{haimov2013-23577218,
  author  = {Haimov, I. and Shatil, E.},
  title   = {{Cognitive training improves sleep quality and cognitive function among older adults with insomnia}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0061390},
  pmid    = {23577218},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061390}
}

@article{hu2021-31650255,
  author  = {Hu, M. and Wu, X. and Shu, X. and Hu, H. and Chen, Q. and Peng, L. and Feng, H.},
  title   = {{Effects of computerised cognitive training on cognitive impairment: a meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Journal of neurology},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1007/s00415-019-09522-7},
  pmid    = {31650255},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-019-09522-7}
}

@article{mazza2018-29351799,
  author  = {Mazza, E. and Fava, A. and Ferro, Y. and Rotundo, S. and Romeo, S. and Bosco, D. and Pujia, A. and Montalcini, T.},
  title   = {{Effect of the replacement of dietary vegetable oils with a low dose of extravirgin olive oil in the Mediterranean Diet on cognitive functions in the elderly}},
  journal = {Journal of translational medicine},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12967-018-1386-x},
  pmid    = {29351799},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-018-1386-x}
}

@article{lampit2014-29261218,
  author  = {Lampit, A. and Hallock, H. and Moss, R. and Kwok, S. and Rosser, M. and Lukjanenko, M. and Kohn, A. and Naismith, S. and others},
  title   = {{The Timecourse of Global Cognitive Gains from Supervised Computer-Assisted Cognitive Training: A Randomised, Active-Controlled Trial in Elderly with Multiple Dementia Risk Factors}},
  journal = {The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.14283/jpad.2014.18},
  pmid    = {29261218},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2014.18}
}

@article{talar2022-36162707,
  author  = {Talar, K. and Vetrovsky, T. and van Haren, M. and Négyesi, J. and Granacher, U. and Váczi, M. and Martín-Arévalo, E. and Del Olmo, M. F. and others},
  title   = {{The effects of aerobic exercise and transcranial direct current stimulation on cognitive function in older adults with and without cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Ageing research reviews},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.arr.2022.101738},
  pmid    = {36162707},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2022.101738}
}

@article{suzuki2014-25416537,
  author  = {Suzuki, H. and Kuraoka, M. and Yasunaga, M. and Nonaka, K. and Sakurai, R. and Takeuchi, R. and Murayama, Y. and Ohba, H. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive intervention through a training program for picture book reading in community-dwelling older adults: a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {BMC geriatrics},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1186/1471-2318-14-122},
  pmid    = {25416537},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-14-122}
}

@article{buckinx2021-33336232,
  author  = {Buckinx, F. and Aubertin-Leheudre, M.},
  title   = {{Nutrition to Prevent or Treat Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A GRADE Recommendation}},
  journal = {The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.14283/jpad.2020.40},
  pmid    = {33336232},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2020.40}
}

@article{tabueteguo2018-30272094,
  author  = {Tabue-Teguo, M. and Barreto de Souza, P. and Cantet, C. and Andrieu, S. and Simo, N. and Fougère, B. and Dartigues, J. F. and Vellas, B.},
  title   = {{Effect of Multidomain Intervention, Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Supplementation or their Combinaison on Cognitive Function in Non-Demented Older Adults According to Frail Status: Results from the MAPT Study}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-018-1024-6},
  pmid    = {30272094},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-018-1024-6}
}

@article{chen2020-32510759,
  author  = {Chen, Q. and Yang, H. and Rooks, B. and Anthony, M. and Zhang, Z. and Tadin, D. and Heffner, K. L. and Lin, F. V.},
  title   = {{Autonomic flexibility reflects learning and associated neuroplasticity in old age}},
  journal = {Human brain mapping},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1002/hbm.25034},
  pmid    = {32510759},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25034}
}

@article{burton2015-25709416,
  author  = {Burton, E. and Cavalheri, V. and Adams, R. and Browne, C. O. and Bovery-Spencer, P. and Fenton, A. M. and Campbell, B. W. and Hill, K. D.},
  title   = {{Effectiveness of exercise programs to reduce falls in older people with dementia living in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Clinical interventions in aging},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.2147/cia.s71691},
  pmid    = {25709416},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s71691}
}

@article{unverzagt2001-11706107,
  author  = {Unverzagt, F. W. and Gao, S. and Baiyewu, O. and Ogunniyi, A. O. and Gureje, O. and Perkins, A. and Emsley, C. L. and Dickens, J. and others},
  title   = {{Prevalence of cognitive impairment: data from the Indianapolis Study of Health and Aging}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2001},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.57.9.1655},
  pmid    = {11706107},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.57.9.1655}
}

@article{jin2023-37150183,
  author  = {Jin, Y. and Liang, J. and Hong, C. and Liang, R. and Luo, Y.},
  title   = {{Cardiometabolic multimorbidity, lifestyle behaviours, and cognitive function: a multicohort study}},
  journal = {The lancet. Healthy longevity},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00054-5},
  pmid    = {37150183},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00054-5}
}

@article{buchman2012-22517108,
  author  = {Buchman, A. S. and Boyle, P. A. and Yu, L. and Shah, R. C. and Wilson, R. S. and Bennett, D. A.},
  title   = {{Total daily physical activity and the risk of AD and cognitive decline in older adults}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182535d35},
  pmid    = {22517108},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182535d35}
}

@article{solomon2007-17339582,
  author  = {Solomon, A. and Kåreholt, I. and Ngandu, T. and Winblad, B. and Nissinen, A. and Tuomilehto, J. and Soininen, H. and Kivipelto, M.},
  title   = {{Serum cholesterol changes after midlife and late-life cognition: twenty-one-year follow-up study}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2007},
  doi     = {10.1212/01.wnl.0000256368.57375.b7},
  pmid    = {17339582},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000256368.57375.b7}
}

@article{lourida2013-23680940,
  author  = {Lourida, I. and Soni, M. and Thompson-Coon, J. and Purandare, N. and Lang, I. A. and Ukoumunne, O. C. and Llewellyn, D. J.},
  title   = {{Mediterranean diet, cognitive function, and dementia: a systematic review}},
  journal = {Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1097/ede.0b013e3182944410},
  pmid    = {23680940},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/ede.0b013e3182944410}
}

@article{hooper2017-29083439,
  author  = {Hooper, C. and De Souto Barreto, P. and Coley, N. and Cantet, C. and Cesari, M. and Andrieu, S. and Vellas, B.},
  title   = {{Cognitive Changes with Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Non-Demented Older Adults with Low Omega-3 Index}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-017-0957-5},
  pmid    = {29083439},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-017-0957-5}
}

@article{sevinc2021-34512305,
  author  = {Sevinc, G. and Rusche, J. and Wong, B. and Datta, T. and Kaufman, R. and Gutz, S. E. and Schneider, M. and Todorova, N. and others},
  title   = {{Mindfulness Training Improves Cognition and Strengthens Intrinsic Connectivity Between the Hippocampus and Posteromedial Cortex in Healthy Older Adults}},
  journal = {Frontiers in aging neuroscience},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnagi.2021.702796},
  pmid    = {34512305},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.702796}
}

@article{guerville2021-33217785,
  author  = {Guerville, F. and De Souto Barreto, P. and Coley, N. and Andrieu, S. and Mangin, J. F. and Chupin, M. and Payoux, P. and Ousset, P. J. and others},
  title   = {{Kidney Function and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Examining the Role of Neurodegeneration}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.16954},
  pmid    = {33217785},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.16954}
}

@article{adjetey2023-38032638,
  author  = {Adjetey, C. and Davis, J. C. and Falck, R. S. and Best, JR. and Dao, E. and Bennett, K. and Tai, D. and McGuire, K. and others},
  title   = {{Economic Evaluation of Exercise or Cognitive and Social Enrichment Activities for Improved Cognition After Stroke}},
  journal = {JAMA network open},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45687},
  pmid    = {38032638},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45687}
}

@article{ellis2019-29059120,
  author  = {Ellis, J. L. and Altenburger, P. and Lu, Y.},
  title   = {{Change in Depression, Confidence, and Physical Function Among Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment}},
  journal = {Journal of geriatric physical therapy (2001)},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1519/jpt.0000000000000143},
  pmid    = {29059120},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1519/jpt.0000000000000143}
}

@article{llewellyn2010-20625021,
  author  = {Llewellyn, D. J. and Lang, I. A. and Langa, K. M. and Muniz-Terrera, G. and Phillips, C. L. and Cherubini, A. and Ferrucci, L. and Melzer, D.},
  title   = {{Vitamin D and risk of cognitive decline in elderly persons}},
  journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1001/archinternmed.2010.173},
  pmid    = {20625021},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2010.173}
}

@article{valenzuela2009-19225276,
  author  = {Valenzuela, M. and Sachdev, P.},
  title   = {{Can cognitive exercise prevent the onset of dementia? Systematic review of randomized clinical trials with longitudinal follow-up}},
  journal = {The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry},
  year    = {2009},
  doi     = {10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181953b57},
  pmid    = {19225276},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181953b57}
}

@article{yates2016-27502691,
  author  = {Yates, L. A. and Ziser, S. and Spector, A. and Orrell, M.},
  title   = {{Cognitive leisure activities and future risk of cognitive impairment and dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {International psychogeriatrics},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1017/s1041610216001137},
  pmid    = {27502691},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610216001137}
}

@article{sinn2012-21929835,
  author  = {Sinn, N. and Milte, C. M. and Street, S. J. and Buckley, J. D. and Coates, A. M. and Petkov, J. and Howe, P. R.},
  title   = {{Effects of n-3 fatty acids, EPA v. DHA, on depressive symptoms, quality of life, memory and executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a 6-month randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {The British journal of nutrition},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1017/s0007114511004788},
  pmid    = {21929835},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114511004788}
}

@article{baker2010-20847403,
  author  = {Baker, L. D. and Frank, L. L. and Foster-Schubert, K. and Green, P. S. and Wilkinson, C. W. and McTiernan, A. and Cholerton, B. A. and Plymate, SR. and others},
  title   = {{Aerobic exercise improves cognition for older adults with glucose intolerance, a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-2010-100768},
  pmid    = {20847403},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2010-100768}
}

@article{song2019-30901716,
  author  = {Song, D. and Yu, D. S. F.},
  title   = {{Effects of a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise programme on the cognitive function and quality of life of community-dwelling elderly people with mild cognitive impairment: A randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {International journal of nursing studies},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.02.019},
  pmid    = {30901716},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.02.019}
}

@article{gaitan2021-34093436,
  author  = {Gaitán, J. M. and Moon, H. Y. and Stremlau, M. and Dubal, D. B. and Cook, D. B. and Okonkwo, O. C. and van Praag, H.},
  title   = {{Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training on Systemic Biomarkers and Cognition in Late Middle-Aged Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease}},
  journal = {Frontiers in endocrinology},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.3389/fendo.2021.660181},
  pmid    = {34093436},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.660181}
}

@article{hunt2021-33853894,
  author  = {Hunt, J. F. V. and Vogt, N. M. and Jonaitis, E. M. and Buckingham, W. R. and Koscik, R. L. and Zuelsdorff, M. and Clark, L. R. and Gleason, C. E. and others},
  title   = {{Association of Neighborhood Context, Cognitive Decline, and Cortical Change in an Unimpaired Cohort}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000011918},
  pmid    = {33853894},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000011918}
}

@article{bloomberg2021-33516287,
  author  = {Bloomberg, M. and Dugravot, A. and Dumurgier, J. and Kivimaki, M. and Fayosse, A. and Steptoe, A. and Britton, A. and Singh-Manoux, A. and others},
  title   = {{Sex differences and the role of education in cognitive ageing: analysis of two UK-based prospective cohort studies}},
  journal = {The Lancet. Public health},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1016/s2468-2667(20)30258-9},
  pmid    = {33516287},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(20)30258-9}
}

@article{verghese2007-17237140,
  author  = {Verghese, J. and Wang, C. and Lipton, R. B. and Holtzer, R. and Xue, X.},
  title   = {{Quantitative gait dysfunction and risk of cognitive decline and dementia}},
  journal = {Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry},
  year    = {2007},
  doi     = {10.1136/jnnp.2006.106914},
  pmid    = {17237140},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2006.106914}
}

@article{oliver2007-17158580,
  author  = {Oliver, D. and Connelly, J. B. and Victor, C. R. and Shaw, F. E. and Whitehead, A. and Genc, Y. and Vanoli, A. and Martin, F. C. and others},
  title   = {{Strategies to prevent falls and fractures in hospitals and care homes and effect of cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analyses}},
  journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
  year    = {2007},
  doi     = {10.1136/bmj.39049.706493.55},
  pmid    = {17158580},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39049.706493.55}
}

@article{boyle2013-23798485,
  author  = {Boyle, P. A. and Wilson, R. S. and Yu, L. and Barr, A. M. and Honer, W. G. and Schneider, J. A. and Bennett, D. A.},
  title   = {{Much of late life cognitive decline is not due to common neurodegenerative pathologies}},
  journal = {Annals of neurology},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1002/ana.23964},
  pmid    = {23798485},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.23964}
}

@article{masaki2000-10746596,
  author  = {Masaki, K. H. and Losonczy, K. G. and Izmirlian, G. and Foley, D. J. and Ross, G. W. and Petrovitch, H. and Havlik, R. and White, L. R.},
  title   = {{Association of vitamin E and C supplement use with cognitive function and dementia in elderly men}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2000},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.54.6.1265},
  pmid    = {10746596},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.54.6.1265}
}

@article{yu2025-39835654,
  author  = {Yu, Ruan‐Ching and Pavlou, Menelaos and Schilder, Anne GM and Bamiou, Doris‐Eva and Lewis, Glyn and Lin, Frank Robert and Livingston, Gill and Proctor, Danielle and others},
  title   = {{Early detection and management of hearing loss to reduce dementia risk in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: findings from the treating auditory impairment and cognition trial (TACT)}},
  journal = {Age and Ageing},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1093/ageing/afaf004},
  pmid    = {39835654},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaf004}
}

@article{ni2025-41327300,
  author  = {Ni, Jiaqi and Hernández-Cacho, Adrián and Nishi, Stephanie K. and Babió, Nancy and Belzer, Clara and Konstati, Prokopis and Vioqué, Jesús and Corella, Dolores and others},
  title   = {{Mediterranean diet, gut microbiota, and cognitive decline in older adults with obesity/overweight and metabolic syndrome: a prospective cohort study}},
  journal = {BMC Medicine},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12916-025-04488-y},
  pmid    = {41327300},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04488-y}
}

@article{moon2025-39840755,
  author  = {Moon, So Young and Park, Yoo Kyoung and Jeong, Jee Hyang and Hong, Chang Hyung and Jung, Jiwoo and Na, Hae Ri and Cho, Soo Hyun and Kim, Hyun Sook and others},
  title   = {{South Korean study to prevent cognitive impairment and protect brain health through multidomain interventions via face‐to‐face and video communication platforms in mild cognitive impairment (SUPERBRAIN‐MEET): A randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer s \& Dementia},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.14517},
  pmid    = {39840755},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14517}
}

@article{basak2008-19140648,
  author  = {Basak, C. and Boot, W. R. and Voss, M. W. and Kramer, A. F.},
  title   = {{Can training in a real-time strategy video game attenuate cognitive decline in older adults?}},
  journal = {Psychology and aging},
  year    = {2008},
  doi     = {10.1037/a0013494},
  pmid    = {19140648},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013494}
}

@article{nguyen2019-31154013,
  author  = {Nguyen, L. and Murphy, K. and Andrews, G.},
  title   = {{Cognitive and neural plasticity in old age: A systematic review of evidence from executive functions cognitive training}},
  journal = {Ageing research reviews},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.arr.2019.100912},
  pmid    = {31154013},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2019.100912}
}

@article{shah2017-28092015,
  author  = {Shah, T. M. and Weinborn, M. and Verdile, G. and Sohrabi, H. R. and Martins, R. N.},
  title   = {{Enhancing Cognitive Functioning in Healthly Older Adults: a Systematic Review of the Clinical Significance of Commercially Available Computerized Cognitive Training in Preventing Cognitive Decline}},
  journal = {Neuropsychology review},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11065-016-9338-9},
  pmid    = {28092015},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-016-9338-9}
}

@article{yang2020-31697831,
  author  = {Yang, C. and Moore, A. and Mpofu, E. and Dorstyn, D. and Li, Q. and Yin, C.},
  title   = {{Effectiveness of Combined Cognitive and Physical Interventions to Enhance Functioning in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials}},
  journal = {The Gerontologist},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1093/geront/gnz149},
  pmid    = {31697831},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz149}
}

@article{styliadis2015-25945260,
  author  = {Styliadis, C. and Kartsidis, P. and Paraskevopoulos, E. and Ioannides, A. A. and Bamidis, P. D.},
  title   = {{Neuroplastic effects of combined computerized physical and cognitive training in elderly individuals at risk for dementia: an eLORETA controlled study on resting states}},
  journal = {Neural plasticity},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1155/2015/172192},
  pmid    = {25945260},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/172192}
}

@article{webb2018-29721646,
  author  = {Webb, S. L. and Loh, V. and Lampit, A. and Bateman, J. E. and Birney, D. P.},
  title   = {{Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Computerized Cognitive Training on Executive Functions: a Cross-Disciplinary Taxonomy for Classifying Outcome Cognitive Factors}},
  journal = {Neuropsychology review},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11065-018-9374-8},
  pmid    = {29721646},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-018-9374-8}
}

@article{whitty2020-32534025,
  author  = {Whitty, E. and Mansour, H. and Aguirre, E. and Palomo, M. and Charlesworth, G. and Ramjee, S. and Poppe, M. and Brodaty, H. and others},
  title   = {{Efficacy of lifestyle and psychosocial interventions in reducing cognitive decline in older people: Systematic review}},
  journal = {Ageing research reviews},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.arr.2020.101113},
  pmid    = {32534025},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2020.101113}
}

@article{willis1986-3267404,
  author  = {Willis, S. L. and Schaie, K. W.},
  title   = {{Training the elderly on the ability factors of spatial orientation and inductive reasoning}},
  journal = {Psychology and aging},
  year    = {1986},
  doi     = {10.1037//0882-7974.1.3.239},
  pmid    = {3267404},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1037//0882-7974.1.3.239}
}

@article{limongi2020-32981667,
  author  = {Limongi, F. and Siviero, P. and Bozanic, A. and Noale, M. and Veronese, N. and Maggi, S.},
  title   = {{The Effect of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Late-Life Cognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Medical Directors Association},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jamda.2020.08.020},
  pmid    = {32981667},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.08.020}
}

@article{cicero2018-29289576,
  author  = {Cicero, A. F. G. and Fogacci, F. and Banach, M.},
  title   = {{Botanicals and phytochemicals active on cognitive decline: The clinical evidence}},
  journal = {Pharmacological research},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.029},
  pmid    = {29289576},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.029}
}

@article{zhang2019-30506754,
  author  = {Zhang, W. and Low, L. F. and Gwynn, J. D. and Clemson, L.},
  title   = {{Interventions to Improve Gait in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.15660},
  pmid    = {30506754},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15660}
}

@article{ng2018-29069291,
  author  = {Ng, T. P. and Ling, L. H. A. and Feng, L. and Nyunt, M. S. Z. and Niti, M. and Tan, B. Y. and Chan, G. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive Effects of Multi-Domain Interventions Among Pre-Frail and Frail Community-Living Older Persons: Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1093/gerona/glx207},
  pmid    = {29069291},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glx207}
}

@article{masana2017-28213052,
  author  = {Masana, M. F. and Koyanagi, A. and Haro, J. M. and Tyrovolas, S.},
  title   = {{n-3 Fatty acids, Mediterranean diet and cognitive function in normal aging: A systematic review}},
  journal = {Experimental gerontology},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.exger.2017.02.008},
  pmid    = {28213052},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2017.02.008}
}

@article{sheng2020-32741806,
  author  = {Sheng, C. and Yang, K. and Wang, X. and Li, H. and Li, T. and Lin, L. and Liu, Y. and Yang, Q. and others},
  title   = {{Advances in Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-191295},
  pmid    = {32741806},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-191295}
}

@article{mueller2020-32324741,
  author  = {Mueller, K. D. and Norton, D. and Koscik, R. L. and Morris, M. C. and Jonaitis, E. M. and Clark, L. R. and Fields, T. and Allison, S. and others},
  title   = {{Self-reported health behaviors and longitudinal cognitive performance in late middle age: Results from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0221985},
  pmid    = {32324741},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221985}
}

@article{sabayan2013-23900315,
  author  = {Sabayan, B. and Wijsman, L. W. and Foster-Dingley, J. C. and Stott, D. J. and Ford, I. and Buckley, B. M. and Sattar, N. and Jukema, J. W. and others},
  title   = {{Association of visit-to-visit variability in blood pressure with cognitive function in old age: prospective cohort study}},
  journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1136/bmj.f4600},
  pmid    = {23900315},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f4600}
}

@article{smith2014-24795624,
  author  = {Smith, J. C. and Nielson, K. A. and Woodard, J. L. and Seidenberg, M. and Durgerian, S. and Hazlett, K. E. and Figueroa, C. M. and Kandah, C. C. and others},
  title   = {{Physical activity reduces hippocampal atrophy in elders at genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease}},
  journal = {Frontiers in aging neuroscience},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnagi.2014.00061},
  pmid    = {24795624},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2014.00061}
}

@article{harrison2026-42008251,
  author  = {Harrison, T. M. and Harvey, D. J. and Chadwick, T. and Chao, Y. and Taggett, J. and Maillard, P. and Lovato, L. and Farias, S. T. and Papp, K. V. and Lockhart, S. N. and others},
  title   = {{Brain Imaging Biomarkers and Cognitive Outcomes in a Multidomain Lifestyle Intervention: The POINTER Imaging Ancillary Study}},
  journal = {JAMA Neurology},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.0832},
  pmid    = {42008251},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2026.0832}
}

@article{liuambrose2026-41795685,
  author  = {Liu-Ambrose, T. and Falck, R. S. and Dao, E. and Crockett, R. A. and Barha, C. K. and Silva, N. C. B. S. and others},
  title   = {{Resistance training and subcortical vascular cognitive impairment: A 12-month randomized trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& Dementia},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.71245},
  pmid    = {41795685},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.71245}
}

@article{demnitzking2023-37450303,
  author  = {Demnitz-King, H. and Requier, F. and Whitfield, T. and Schlosser, M. and Gonneaud, J. and Ware, C. and Barnhofer, T. and Coll-Padros, N. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of Meditation Training and Non-Native Language Training on Cognition in Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {JAMA network open},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.17848},
  pmid    = {37450303},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.17848}
}

@article{falck2017-27153869,
  author  = {Falck, R. S. and Davis, J. C. and Liu-Ambrose, T.},
  title   = {{What is the association between sedentary behaviour and cognitive function? A systematic review}},
  journal = {British journal of sports medicine},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1136/bjsports-2015-095551},
  pmid    = {27153869},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095551}
}

@article{tenbrinke2015-24711660,
  author  = {ten Brinke, L. F. and Bolandzadeh, N. and Nagamatsu, L. S. and Hsu, C. L. and Davis, J. C. and Miran-Khan, K. and Liu-Ambrose, T.},
  title   = {{Aerobic exercise increases hippocampal volume in older women with probable mild cognitive impairment: a 6-month randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {British journal of sports medicine},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1136/bjsports-2013-093184},
  pmid    = {24711660},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-093184}
}

@article{geda2010-20065133,
  author  = {Geda, Y. E. and Roberts, R. O. and Knopman, D. S. and Christianson, T. J. and Pankratz, V. S. and Ivnik, R. J. and Boeve, B. F. and Tangalos, E. G. and others},
  title   = {{Physical exercise, aging, and mild cognitive impairment: a population-based study}},
  journal = {Archives of neurology},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1001/archneurol.2009.297},
  pmid    = {20065133},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2009.297}
}

@article{mortimer2012-22451320,
  author  = {Mortimer, J. A. and Ding, D. and Borenstein, A. R. and DeCarli, C. and Guo, Q. and Wu, Y. and Zhao, Q. and Chu, S.},
  title   = {{Changes in brain volume and cognition in a randomized trial of exercise and social interaction in a community-based sample of non-demented Chinese elders}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-2012-120079},
  pmid    = {22451320},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-2012-120079}
}

@article{fischer2016-27611845,
  author  = {Fischer, M. E. and Cruickshanks, K. J. and Schubert, C. R. and Pinto, A. A. and Carlsson, C. M. and Klein, B. E. and Klein, R. and Tweed, T. S.},
  title   = {{Age-Related Sensory Impairments and Risk of Cognitive Impairment}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.14308},
  pmid    = {27611845},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.14308}
}

@article{lam2012-22579072,
  author  = {Lam, L. C. and Chau, R. C. and Wong, B. M. and Fung, A. W. and Tam, C. W. and Leung, G. T. and Kwok, T. C. and Leung, T. Y. and others},
  title   = {{A 1-year randomized controlled trial comparing mind body exercise (Tai Chi) with stretching and toning exercise on cognitive function in older Chinese adults at risk of cognitive decline}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Medical Directors Association},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jamda.2012.03.008},
  pmid    = {22579072},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2012.03.008}
}

@article{taljaard2016-26670203,
  author  = {Taljaard, D. S. and Olaithe, M. and Brennan-Jones, C. G. and Eikelboom, R. H. and Bucks, R. S.},
  title   = {{The relationship between hearing impairment and cognitive function: a meta-analysis in adults}},
  journal = {Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology \& Cervico-Facial Surgery},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1111/coa.12607},
  pmid    = {26670203},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/coa.12607}
}

@article{coelhojunior2021-34153553,
  author  = {Coelho-Júnior, H. J. and Trichopoulou, A. and Panza, F.},
  title   = {{Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between adherence to Mediterranean diet with physical performance and cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Ageing research reviews},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.arr.2021.101395},
  pmid    = {34153553},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2021.101395}
}

@article{loef2012-22836704,
  author  = {Loef, M. and Walach, H.},
  title   = {{Fruit, vegetables and prevention of cognitive decline or dementia: a systematic review of cohort studies}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-012-0097-x},
  pmid    = {22836704},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-012-0097-x}
}

@article{muir2012-22374645,
  author  = {Muir, S. W. and Gopaul, K. and Montero Odasso, M. M.},
  title   = {{The role of cognitive impairment in fall risk among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Age and ageing},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1093/ageing/afs012},
  pmid    = {22374645},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afs012}
}

@article{turney2023-36374494,
  author  = {Turney, I. C. and Lao, P. J. and Rentería, M. A. and Igwe, K. C. and Berroa, J. and Rivera, A. and Benavides, A. and Morales, C. D. and others},
  title   = {{Brain Aging Among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Middle-Aged and Older Adults}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.3919},
  pmid    = {36374494},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.3919}
}

@article{wilson2019-30728309,
  author  = {Wilson, R. S. and Yu, L. and Lamar, M. and Schneider, J. A. and Boyle, P. A. and Bennett, D. A.},
  title   = {{Education and cognitive reserve in old age}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000007036},
  pmid    = {30728309},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000007036}
}

@article{black2013-22795617,
  author  = {Black, D. S. and Cole, S. W. and Irwin, M. R. and Breen, E. and St Cyr, N. M. and Nazarian, N. and Khalsa, D. S. and Lavretsky, H.},
  title   = {{Yogic meditation reverses NF-κB and IRF-related transcriptome dynamics in leukocytes of family dementia caregivers in a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Psychoneuroendocrinology},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.06.011},
  pmid    = {22795617},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.06.011}
}

@article{caunca2020-32364578,
  author  = {Caunca, M. R. and Odden, M. C. and Glymour, M. M. and Elfassy, T. and Kershaw, K. N. and Sidney, S. and Yaffe, K. and Launer, L. and others},
  title   = {{Association of Racial Residential Segregation Throughout Young Adulthood and Cognitive Performance in Middle-aged Participants in the CARDIA Study}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.0860},
  pmid    = {32364578},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.0860}
}

@article{haan1999-10404910,
  author  = {Haan, M. N. and Shemanski, L. and Jagust, W. J. and Manolio, T. A. and Kuller, L.},
  title   = {{The role of APOE epsilon4 in modulating effects of other risk factors for cognitive decline in elderly persons}},
  journal = {JAMA},
  year    = {1999},
  doi     = {10.1001/jama.282.1.40},
  pmid    = {10404910},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.282.1.40}
}

@article{wilson2022-35243008,
  author  = {Wilson, S. A. and Byrne, P. and Rodgers, S. E. and Maden, M.},
  title   = {{A Systematic Review of Smartphone and Tablet Use by Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Impairment}},
  journal = {Innovation in aging},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1093/geroni/igac002},
  pmid    = {35243008},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac002}
}

@article{heffernan2019-30475762,
  author  = {Heffernan, M. and Andrews, G. and Fiatarone Singh, M. A. and Valenzuela, M. and Anstey, K. J. and Maeder, A. J. and McNeil, J. and Jorm, L. and others},
  title   = {{Maintain Your Brain: Protocol of a 3-Year Randomized Controlled Trial of a Personalized Multi-Modal Digital Health Intervention to Prevent Cognitive Decline Among Community Dwelling 55 to 77 Year Olds}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-180572},
  pmid    = {30475762},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-180572}
}

@article{scullin2022-34786698,
  author  = {Scullin, M. K. and Jones, W. E. and Phenis, R. and Beevers, S. and Rosen, S. and Dinh, K. and Kiselica, A. and Keefe, F. J. and others},
  title   = {{Using smartphone technology to improve prospective memory functioning: A randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.17551},
  pmid    = {34786698},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17551}
}

@article{helmer2011-22116945,
  author  = {Helmer, C. and Stengel, B. and Metzger, M. and Froissart, M. and Massy, Z. A. and Tzourio, C. and Berr, C. and Dartigues, J. F.},
  title   = {{Chronic kidney disease, cognitive decline, and incident dementia: the 3C Study}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0b013e31823b4765},
  pmid    = {22116945},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0b013e31823b4765}
}

@article{mazereeuw2012-22305186,
  author  = {Mazereeuw, G. and Lanctôt, K. L. and Chau, S. A. and Swardfager, W. and Herrmann, N.},
  title   = {{Effects of ω-3 fatty acids on cognitive performance: a meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Neurobiology of aging},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.12.014},
  pmid    = {22305186},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.12.014}
}

@article{rieben2016-27689250,
  author  = {Rieben, C. and Segna, D. and da Costa, B. R. and Collet, T. H. and Chaker, L. and Aubert, C. E. and Baumgartner, C. and Almeida, O. P. and others},
  title   = {{Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and the Risk of Cognitive Decline: a Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies}},
  journal = {The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1210/jc.2016-2129},
  pmid    = {27689250},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-2129}
}

@article{wang2022-36356475,
  author  = {Wang, H. F. and Zhang, W. and Rolls, E. T. and {Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative} and Li, Y. and Wang, L. and Ma, Y. H. and Kang, J. and others},
  title   = {{Hearing impairment is associated with cognitive decline, brain atrophy and tau pathology}},
  journal = {EBioMedicine},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104336},
  pmid    = {36356475},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104336}
}

@article{willette2013-23069842,
  author  = {Willette, A. A. and Xu, G. and Johnson, S. C. and Birdsill, A. C. and Jonaitis, E. M. and Sager, M. A. and Hermann, B. P. and La Rue, A. and others},
  title   = {{Insulin resistance, brain atrophy, and cognitive performance in late middle-aged adults}},
  journal = {Diabetes care},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.2337/dc12-0922},
  pmid    = {23069842},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-0922}
}

@article{zhang2025-41087920,
  author  = {Zhang, Wang and Zhang, Jingjing and Gao, Na},
  title   = {{Social isolation and cognitive decline in older adults: a longitudinal study across 24 countries}},
  journal = {BMC Geriatrics},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12877-025-06430-6},
  pmid    = {41087920},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-025-06430-6}
}

@article{xu2025-40294622,
  author  = {Xu, Z. and Zhang, D. and Yip, B. H. and Lee, E. K. and Poon, P. K. and Peters, R. and Yang, Z. and Lee, A. T. and Leung, M. K. and Wong, E. L. and others},
  title   = {{Combined mind-body physical exercise, cognitive training, and nurse-led risk factor modification to enhance cognition among older adults with mild cognitive impairment in primary care: a three-arm randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {The Lancet Healthy Longevity},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.lanhl.2025.100706},
  pmid    = {40294622},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanhl.2025.100706}
}

@article{aslanyan2023-37379733,
  author  = {Aslanyan, V. and Ortega, N. and Fenton, L. and Harrison, T. M. and Raman, R. and Mack, W. J. and Pa, J.},
  title   = {{Protective effects of sleep duration and physical activity on cognitive performance are influenced by β-amyloid and brain volume but not tau burden among cognitively unimpaired older adults}},
  journal = {NeuroImage. Clinical},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103460},
  pmid    = {37379733},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103460}
}

@article{amariglio2024-39044492,
  author  = {Amariglio, R. E. and Grill, J. D. and Rentz, D. M. and Marshall, G. A. and Donohue, M. C. and Liu, A. and Aisen, P. S. and Sperling, R. A.},
  title   = {{Longitudinal Trajectories of the Cognitive Function Index in the A4 Study}},
  journal = {The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.14283/jpad.2024.125},
  pmid    = {39044492},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2024.125}
}

@article{weuve2018-28863046,
  author  = {Weuve, J. and Barnes, L. L. and Mendes de Leon, C. F. and Rajan, K. B. and Beck, T. and Aggarwal, N. T. and Hebert, L. E. and Bennett, D. A. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive Aging in Black and White Americans: Cognition, Cognitive Decline, and Incidence of Alzheimer Disease Dementia}},
  journal = {Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1097/ede.0000000000000747},
  pmid    = {28863046},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/ede.0000000000000747}
}

@article{wang2006-16717174,
  author  = {Wang, L. and Larson, E. B. and Bowen, J. D. and van Belle, G.},
  title   = {{Performance-based physical function and future dementia in older people}},
  journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
  year    = {2006},
  doi     = {10.1001/archinte.166.10.1115},
  pmid    = {16717174},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1115}
}

@article{matz2015-26374482,
  author  = {Matz, K. and Teuschl, Y. and Firlinger, B. and Dachenhausen, A. and Keindl, M. and Seyfang, L. and Tuomilehto, J. and Brainin, M. and others},
  title   = {{Multidomain Lifestyle Interventions for the Prevention of Cognitive Decline After Ischemic Stroke: Randomized Trial}},
  journal = {Stroke},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1161/strokeaha.115.009992},
  pmid    = {26374482},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.115.009992}
}

@article{mace2024-39571150,
  author  = {Mace, R. A. and Law, M. E. and Cohen, J. E. and Ritchie, C. S. and Okereke, O. I. and Hoeppner, B. B. and Brewer, J. A. and Bartels, S. J. and others},
  title   = {{A Mindfulness-Based Lifestyle Intervention for Dementia Risk Reduction: Protocol for the My Healthy Brain Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {JMIR research protocols},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.2196/64149},
  pmid    = {39571150},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/64149}
}

@article{gheysen2018-29973193,
  author  = {Gheysen, F. and Poppe, L. and DeSmet, A. and Swinnen, S. and Cardon, G. and De Bourdeaudhuij, I. and Chastin, S. and Fias, W.},
  title   = {{Physical activity to improve cognition in older adults: can physical activity programs enriched with cognitive challenges enhance the effects? A systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12966-018-0697-x},
  pmid    = {29973193},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-018-0697-x}
}

@article{wang2002-12383150,
  author  = {Wang, L. and van Belle, G. and Kukull, W. B. and Larson, E. B.},
  title   = {{Predictors of functional change: a longitudinal study of nondemented people aged 65 and older}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2002},
  doi     = {10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50408.x},
  pmid    = {12383150},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50408.x}
}

@article{biazussehn2020-32460123,
  author  = {Biazus-Sehn, L. F. and Schuch, F. B. and Firth, J. and Stigger, F. S.},
  title   = {{Effects of physical exercise on cognitive function of older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Archives of gerontology and geriatrics},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.archger.2020.104048},
  pmid    = {32460123},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2020.104048}
}

@article{yaffe2016-27397561,
  author  = {Yaffe, K. and Nasrallah, I. and Hoang, T. D. and Lauderdale, D. S. and Knutson, K. L. and Carnethon, M. R. and Launer, L. J. and Lewis, C. E. and others},
  title   = {{Sleep Duration and White Matter Quality in Middle-Aged Adults}},
  journal = {Sleep},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.5665/sleep.6104},
  pmid    = {27397561},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.5665/sleep.6104}
}

@article{wang2022-35441085,
  author  = {Wang, Y. and Han, X. and Zhang, X. and Zhang, Z. and Cong, L. and Tang, S. and Hou, T. and Liu, C. and others},
  title   = {{Health status and risk profiles for brain aging of rural-dwelling older adults: Data from the interdisciplinary baseline assessments in MIND-China}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia (New York, N. Y.)},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1002/trc2.12254},
  pmid    = {35441085},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/trc2.12254}
}

@article{lin2014-24412398,
  author  = {Lin, F. R. and Ferrucci, L. and An, Y. and Goh, J. O. and Doshi, J. and Metter, E. J. and Davatzikos, C. and Kraut, M. A. and others},
  title   = {{Association of hearing impairment with brain volume changes in older adults}},
  journal = {NeuroImage},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.12.059},
  pmid    = {24412398},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.12.059}
}

@article{moyle2018-29563027,
  author  = {Moyle, W. and Jones, C. and Murfield, J. and Thalib, L. and Beattie, E. and Shum, D. and O'Dwyer, S. and Mervin, M. C. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of a robotic seal on the motor activity and sleep patterns of older people with dementia, as measured by wearable technology: A cluster-randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {Maturitas},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.01.007},
  pmid    = {29563027},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.01.007}
}

@article{mossello2015-25730775,
  author  = {Mossello, E. and Pieraccioli, M. and Nesti, N. and Bulgaresi, M. and Lorenzi, C. and Caleri, V. and Tonon, E. and Cavallini, M. C. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of low blood pressure in cognitively impaired elderly patients treated with antihypertensive drugs}},
  journal = {JAMA internal medicine},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.8164},
  pmid    = {25730775},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.8164}
}

@article{ott2004-15037693,
  author  = {Ott, A. and Andersen, K. and Dewey, M. E. and Letenneur, L. and Brayne, C. and Copeland, JR. and Dartigues, J. F. and Kragh-Sorensen, P. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of smoking on global cognitive function in nondemented elderly}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2004},
  doi     = {10.1212/01.wnl.0000115110.35610.80},
  pmid    = {15037693},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000115110.35610.80}
}

@article{butters2000-11097959,
  author  = {Butters, M. A. and Becker, J. T. and Nebes, R. D. and Zmuda, M. D. and Mulsant, B. H. and Pollock, B. G. and Reynolds, C. F.},
  title   = {{Changes in cognitive functioning following treatment of late-life depression}},
  journal = {The American journal of psychiatry},
  year    = {2000},
  doi     = {10.1176/appi.ajp.157.12.1949},
  pmid    = {11097959},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.12.1949}
}

@article{chi2017-27522059,
  author  = {Chi, G. C. and Fitzpatrick, A. L. and Sharma, M. and Jenny, N. S. and Lopez, O. L. and DeKosky, S. T.},
  title   = {{Inflammatory Biomarkers Predict Domain-Specific Cognitive Decline in Older Adults}},
  journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1093/gerona/glw155},
  pmid    = {27522059},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glw155}
}

@article{gard2014-24571182,
  author  = {Gard, T. and Hölzel, B. K. and Lazar, S. W.},
  title   = {{The potential effects of meditation on age-related cognitive decline: a systematic review}},
  journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1111/nyas.12348},
  pmid    = {24571182},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12348}
}

@article{solfrizzi2006-16256248,
  author  = {Solfrizzi, V. and Colacicco, A. M. and D'Introno, A. and Capurso, C. and Torres, F. and Rizzo, C. and Capurso, A. and Panza, F.},
  title   = {{Dietary intake of unsaturated fatty acids and age-related cognitive decline: a 8.5-year follow-up of the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging}},
  journal = {Neurobiology of aging},
  year    = {2006},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.09.026},
  pmid    = {16256248},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.09.026}
}

@article{chen2020-32134208,
  author  = {Chen, L. K. and Hwang, A. C. and Lee, W. J. and Peng, L. N. and Lin, M. H. and Neil, D. L. and Shih, S. F. and Loh, C. H. and others},
  title   = {{Efficacy of multidomain interventions to improve physical frailty, depression and cognition: data from cluster-randomized controlled trials}},
  journal = {Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1002/jcsm.12534},
  pmid    = {32134208},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12534}
}

@article{dhana2021-34334393,
  author  = {Dhana, K. and James, B. D. and Agarwal, P. and Aggarwal, N. T. and Cherian, L. J. and Leurgans, S. E. and Barnes, L. L. and Bennett, D. A. and others},
  title   = {{MIND Diet, Common Brain Pathologies, and Cognition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-210107},
  pmid    = {34334393},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-210107}
}

@article{bhushan2018-29147948,
  author  = {Bhushan, A. and Fondell, E. and Ascherio, A. and Yuan, C. and Grodstein, F. and Willett, W.},
  title   = {{Adherence to Mediterranean diet and subjective cognitive function in men}},
  journal = {European journal of epidemiology},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1007/s10654-017-0330-3},
  pmid    = {29147948},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-017-0330-3}
}

@article{lehert2015-26361790,
  author  = {Lehert, P. and Villaseca, P. and Hogervorst, E. and Maki, P. M. and Henderson, V. W.},
  title   = {{Individually modifiable risk factors to ameliorate cognitive aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.3109/13697137.2015.1078106},
  pmid    = {26361790},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3109/13697137.2015.1078106}
}

@article{galbete2015-25732216,
  author  = {Galbete, C. and Toledo, E. and Toledo, J. B. and Bes-Rastrollo, M. and Buil-Cosiales, P. and Marti, A. and Guillén-Grima, F. and Martínez-González, M. A.},
  title   = {{Mediterranean diet and cognitive function: the SUN project}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-015-0441-z},
  pmid    = {25732216},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-015-0441-z}
}

@article{chung2021-34866145,
  author  = {Chung, C. P. and Lee, W. J. and Peng, L. N. and Shimada, H. and Tsai, T. F. and Lin, C. P. and Arai, H. and Chen, L. K.},
  title   = {{Physio-Cognitive Decline Syndrome as the Phenotype and Treatment Target of Unhealthy Aging}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-021-1693-4},
  pmid    = {34866145},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-021-1693-4}
}

@article{zhuang2013-23587747,
  author  = {Zhuang, J. P. and Fang, R. and Feng, X. and Xu, X. H. and Liu, L. H. and Bai, Q. K. and Tang, H. D. and Zhao, Z. G. and others},
  title   = {{The impact of human-computer interaction-based comprehensive training on the cognitive functions of cognitive impairment elderly individuals in a nursing home}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-130158},
  pmid    = {23587747},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-130158}
}

@article{solfrizzi2014-24270209,
  author  = {Solfrizzi, V. and Panza, F.},
  title   = {{Mediterranean diet and cognitive decline. A lesson from the whole-diet approach: what challenges lie ahead?}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-130831},
  pmid    = {24270209},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-130831}
}

@article{simon2018-30103334,
  author  = {Simon, S. S. and Tusch, E. S. and Feng, N. C. and Håkansson, K. and Mohammed, A. H. and Daffner, K. R.},
  title   = {{Is Computerized Working Memory Training Effective in Healthy Older Adults? Evidence from a Multi-Site, Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-180455},
  pmid    = {30103334},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-180455}
}

@article{dequanter2021-32525977,
  author  = {Dequanter, S. and Gagnon, M. P. and Ndiaye, M. A. and Gorus, E. and Fobelets, M. and Giguère, A. and Bourbonnais, A. and Buyl, R.},
  title   = {{The Effectiveness of e-Health Solutions for Aging With Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {The Gerontologist},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1093/geront/gnaa065},
  pmid    = {32525977},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa065}
}

@article{annweiler2009-19659751,
  author  = {Annweiler, C. and Allali, G. and Allain, P. and Bridenbaugh, S. and Schott, A. M. and Kressig, R. W. and Beauchet, O.},
  title   = {{Vitamin D and cognitive performance in adults: a systematic review}},
  journal = {European journal of neurology},
  year    = {2009},
  doi     = {10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02755.x},
  pmid    = {19659751},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02755.x}
}

@article{ampadu2015-25464210,
  author  = {Ampadu, J. and Morley, J. E.},
  title   = {{Heart failure and cognitive dysfunction}},
  journal = {International journal of cardiology},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.10.087},
  pmid    = {25464210},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.10.087}
}

@article{liu2021-34281568,
  author  = {Liu, Y. H. and Wang, Y. R. and Wang, Q. H. and Chen, Y. and Chen, X. and Li, Y. and Cen, Y. and Xu, C. and others},
  title   = {{Post-infection cognitive impairments in a cohort of elderly patients with COVID-19}},
  journal = {Molecular neurodegeneration},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13024-021-00469-w},
  pmid    = {34281568},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-021-00469-w}
}

@article{barnard2010-20226390,
  author  = {Barnard, K. and Colón-Emeric, C.},
  title   = {{Extraskeletal effects of vitamin D in older adults: cardiovascular disease, mortality, mood, and cognition}},
  journal = {The American journal of geriatric pharmacotherapy},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.amjopharm.2010.02.004},
  pmid    = {20226390},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjopharm.2010.02.004}
}

@article{oveisgharan2024-38582095,
  author  = {Oveisgharan, S. and Wang, T. and Barnes, L. L. and Schneider, J. A. and Bennett, D. A. and Buchman, A. S.},
  title   = {{The time course of motor and cognitive decline in older adults and their associations with brain pathologies: a multicohort study}},
  journal = {The lancet. Healthy longevity},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1016/s2666-7568(24)00033-3},
  pmid    = {38582095},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s2666-7568(24)00033-3}
}

@article{cuestatriana2019-31089731,
  author  = {Cuesta-Triana, F. and Verdejo-Bravo, C. and Fernández-Pérez, C. and Martín-Sánchez, F. J.},
  title   = {{Effect of Milk and Other Dairy Products on the Risk of Frailty, Sarcopenia, and Cognitive Performance Decline in the Elderly: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1093/advances/nmy105},
  pmid    = {31089731},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmy105}
}

@article{figueiro2019-31855161,
  author  = {Figueiro, M. G. and Plitnick, B. and Roohan, C. and Sahin, L. and Kalsher, M. and Rea, M. S.},
  title   = {{Effects of a Tailored Lighting Intervention on Sleep Quality, Rest-Activity, Mood, and Behavior in Older Adults With Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias: A Randomized Clinical Trial}},
  journal = {Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.5664/jcsm.8078},
  pmid    = {31855161},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8078}
}

@article{realdon2016-27887597,
  author  = {Realdon, O. and Rossetto, F. and Nalin, M. and Baroni, I. and Cabinio, M. and Fioravanti, R. and Saibene, F. L. and Alberoni, M. and others},
  title   = {{Technology-enhanced multi-domain at home continuum of care program with respect to usual care for people with cognitive impairment: the Ability-TelerehABILITation study protocol for a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {BMC psychiatry},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12888-016-1132-y},
  pmid    = {27887597},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-1132-y}
}

@article{tseng2023-36698219,
  author  = {Tseng, P. T. and Chen, Y. W. and Zeng, B. Y. and Zeng, B. S. and Hung, C. M. and Sun, C. K. and Cheng, Y. S. and Stubbs, B. and others},
  title   = {{The beneficial effect on cognition of noninvasive brain stimulation intervention in patients with dementia: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's research \& therapy},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13195-023-01164-2},
  pmid    = {36698219},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-023-01164-2}
}

@article{aridi2017-28657600,
  author  = {Aridi, Y. S. and Walker, J. L. and Wright, O. R. L.},
  title   = {{The Association between the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern and Cognitive Health: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.3390/nu9070674},
  pmid    = {28657600},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9070674}
}

@article{lam2011-21495078,
  author  = {Lam, L. C. and Chau, R. C. and Wong, B. M. and Fung, A. W. and Lui, V. W. and Tam, C. C. and Leung, G. T. and Kwok, T. C. and others},
  title   = {{Interim follow-up of a randomized controlled trial comparing Chinese style mind body (Tai Chi) and stretching exercises on cognitive function in subjects at risk of progressive cognitive decline}},
  journal = {International journal of geriatric psychiatry},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1002/gps.2602},
  pmid    = {21495078},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.2602}
}

@article{malouf2008-18843658,
  author  = {Malouf, R. and Grimley Evans, J.},
  title   = {{Folic acid with or without vitamin B12 for the prevention and treatment of healthy elderly and demented people}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2008},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd004514.pub2},
  pmid    = {18843658},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd004514.pub2}
}

@article{risacher2016-27088965,
  author  = {Risacher, S. L. and McDonald, B. C. and Tallman, E. F. and West, J. D. and Farlow, M. R. and Unverzagt, F. W. and Gao, S. and Boustani, M. and others},
  title   = {{Association Between Anticholinergic Medication Use and Cognition, Brain Metabolism, and Brain Atrophy in Cognitively Normal Older Adults}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.0580},
  pmid    = {27088965},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.0580}
}

@article{clare2003-14583963,
  author  = {Clare, L. and Woods, R. T. and Moniz Cook, E. D. and Orrell, M. and Spector, A.},
  title   = {{Cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive training for early-stage Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia}},
  journal = {The Cochrane database of systematic reviews},
  year    = {2003},
  doi     = {10.1002/14651858.cd003260},
  pmid    = {14583963},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd003260}
}

@article{manly1998-9595969,
  author  = {Manly, J. J. and Jacobs, D. M. and Sano, M. and Bell, K. and Merchant, C. A. and Small, S. A. and Stern, Y.},
  title   = {{Cognitive test performance among nondemented elderly African Americans and whites}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {1998},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.50.5.1238},
  pmid    = {9595969},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.50.5.1238}
}

@article{miller2015-26366714,
  author  = {Miller, J. W. and Harvey, D. J. and Beckett, L. A. and Green, R. and Farias, S. T. and Reed, B. R. and Olichney, J. M. and Mungas, D. M. and others},
  title   = {{Vitamin D Status and Rates of Cognitive Decline in a Multiethnic Cohort of Older Adults}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.2115},
  pmid    = {26366714},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.2115}
}

@article{muhammad2021-34130632,
  author  = {Muhammad, T. and Meher, T.},
  title   = {{Association of late-life depression with cognitive impairment: evidence from a cross-sectional study among older adults in India}},
  journal = {BMC geriatrics},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12877-021-02314-7},
  pmid    = {34130632},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02314-7}
}

@article{rosano2011-21391929,
  author  = {Rosano, C. and Longstreth, W. T. and Boudreau, R. and Taylor, C. A. and Du, Y. and Kuller, L. H. and Newman, A. B.},
  title   = {{High blood pressure accelerates gait slowing in well-functioning older adults over 18-years of follow-up}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03282.x},
  pmid    = {21391929},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03282.x}
}

@article{zahodne2019-28958051,
  author  = {Zahodne, L. B. and Sol, K. and Kraal, Z.},
  title   = {{Psychosocial Pathways to Racial/Ethnic Inequalities in Late-Life Memory Trajectories}},
  journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1093/geronb/gbx113},
  pmid    = {28958051},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbx113}
}

@article{elliott2021-31822815,
  author  = {Elliott, M. L. and Belsky, D. W. and Knodt, A. R. and Ireland, D. and Melzer, T. R. and Poulton, R. and Ramrakha, S. and Caspi, A. and others},
  title   = {{Brain-age in midlife is associated with accelerated biological aging and cognitive decline in a longitudinal birth cohort}},
  journal = {Molecular psychiatry},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41380-019-0626-7},
  pmid    = {31822815},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0626-7}
}

@article{xavier2014-25116923,
  author  = {Xavier, A. J. and d'Orsi, E. and de Oliveira, C. M. and Orrell, M. and Demakakos, P. and Biddulph, J. P. and Marmot, M. G.},
  title   = {{English Longitudinal Study of Aging: can Internet/E-mail use reduce cognitive decline?}},
  journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1093/gerona/glu105},
  pmid    = {25116923},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu105}
}

@article{skoog2005-16109319,
  author  = {Skoog, I. and Lithell, H. and Hansson, L. and Elmfeldt, D. and Hofman, A. and Olofsson, B. and Trenkwalder, P. and Zanchetti, A. and others},
  title   = {{Effect of baseline cognitive function and antihypertensive treatment on cognitive and cardiovascular outcomes: Study on COgnition and Prognosis in the Elderly (SCOPE)}},
  journal = {American journal of hypertension},
  year    = {2005},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.02.013},
  pmid    = {16109319},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.02.013}
}

@article{gottesman2014-24627572,
  author  = {Gottesman, R. F. and Rawlings, A. M. and Sharrett, A. R. and Albert, M. and Alonso, A. and Bandeen-Roche, K. and Coker, L. H. and Coresh, J. and others},
  title   = {{Impact of differential attrition on the association of education with cognitive change over 20 years of follow-up: the ARIC neurocognitive study}},
  journal = {American journal of epidemiology},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1093/aje/kwu020},
  pmid    = {24627572},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwu020}
}

@article{min2024-39169268,
  author  = {Min, J. and Cao, Z. and Duan, T. and Wang, Y. and Xu, C.},
  title   = {{Accelerometer-derived 'weekend warrior' physical activity pattern and brain health}},
  journal = {Nature aging},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1038/s43587-024-00688-y},
  pmid    = {39169268},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-024-00688-y}
}

@article{kim2023-36961460,
  author  = {Kim, Boeun and Samuel, Laura J and Thorpe, Roland J. and Crews, Deidra C. and Szanton, Sarah L.},
  title   = {{Food Insecurity and Cognitive Trajectories in Community-Dwelling Medicare Beneficiaries 65 Years and Older}},
  journal = {JAMA Network Open},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4674},
  pmid    = {36961460},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.4674}
}

@article{liu2025-40993193,
  author  = {Liu, Xiaofang and Yang, Bo and Liu, Qiong and Gao, Mengge and Luo, Miaoqing},
  title   = {{The long-term neuroprotective effect of MIND and Mediterranean diet on patients with Alzheimer’s disease}},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41598-025-17055-5},
  pmid    = {40993193},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-17055-5}
}

@article{saidsadier2023-36981618,
  author  = {Said-Sadier, N. and Sayegh, B. and Farah, R. and Abbas, L. A. and Dweik, R. and Tang, N. and Ojcius, D. M.},
  title   = {{Association between Periodontal Disease and Cognitive Impairment in Adults}},
  journal = {International journal of environmental research and public health},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.3390/ijerph20064707},
  pmid    = {36981618},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064707}
}

@article{krellroesch2017-28135351,
  author  = {Krell-Roesch, J. and Vemuri, P. and Pink, A. and Roberts, R. O. and Stokin, G. B. and Mielke, M. M. and Christianson, T. J. and Knopman, D. S. and others},
  title   = {{Association Between Mentally Stimulating Activities in Late Life and the Outcome of Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment, With an Analysis of the APOE ε4 Genotype}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.3822},
  pmid    = {28135351},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.3822}
}

@article{petersson2016-27633105,
  author  = {Petersson, S. D. and Philippou, E.},
  title   = {{Mediterranean Diet, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review of the Evidence}},
  journal = {Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.3945/an.116.012138},
  pmid    = {27633105},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3945/an.116.012138}
}

@article{cheng2014-23582750,
  author  = {Cheng, S. T. and Chow, P. K. and Song, Y. Q. and Yu, E. C. and Chan, A. C. and Lee, T. M. and Lam, J. H.},
  title   = {{Mental and physical activities delay cognitive decline in older persons with dementia}},
  journal = {The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jagp.2013.01.060},
  pmid    = {23582750},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2013.01.060}
}

@article{clarke2007-17991650,
  author  = {Clarke, R. and Birks, J. and Nexo, E. and Ueland, P. M. and Schneede, J. and Scott, J. and Molloy, A. and Evans, J. G.},
  title   = {{Low vitamin B-12 status and risk of cognitive decline in older adults}},
  journal = {The American journal of clinical nutrition},
  year    = {2007},
  doi     = {10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1384},
  pmid    = {17991650},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1384}
}

@article{lin2013-24145578,
  author  = {Lin, J. S. and O'Connor, E. and Rossom, R. C. and Perdue, L. A. and Eckstrom, E.},
  title   = {{Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: A systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force}},
  journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.7326/0003-4819-159-9-201311050-00730},
  pmid    = {24145578},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-159-9-201311050-00730}
}

@article{vega2010-19473811,
  author  = {Vega, S. and Benito-León, J. and Bermejo-Pareja, F. and Medrano, M. J. and Vega-Valderrama, L. M. and Rodríguez, C. and Louis, E. D.},
  title   = {{Several factors influenced attrition in a population-based elderly cohort: neurological disorders in Central Spain Study}},
  journal = {Journal of clinical epidemiology},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.03.005},
  pmid    = {19473811},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.03.005}
}

@article{levine2019-30624986,
  author  = {Levine, D. A. and Galecki, A. T. and Langa, K. M. and Unverzagt, F. W. and Kabeto, M. U. and Giordani, B. and Cushman, M. and McClure, L. A. and others},
  title   = {{Blood Pressure and Cognitive Decline Over 8 Years in Middle-Aged and Older Black and White Americans}},
  journal = {Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.12062},
  pmid    = {30624986},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.12062}
}

@article{djabelkhir2017-29200836,
  author  = {Djabelkhir, L. and Wu, Y. H. and Vidal, J. S. and Cristancho-Lacroix, V. and Marlats, F. and Lenoir, H. and Carno, A. and Rigaud, A. S.},
  title   = {{Computerized cognitive stimulation and engagement programs in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: comparing feasibility, acceptability, and cognitive and psychosocial effects}},
  journal = {Clinical interventions in aging},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.2147/cia.s145769},
  pmid    = {29200836},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s145769}
}

@article{morris2015-26086182,
  author  = {Morris, M. C. and Tangney, C. C. and Wang, Y. and Sacks, F. M. and Barnes, L. L. and Bennett, D. A. and Aggarwal, N. T.},
  title   = {{MIND diet slows cognitive decline with aging}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jalz.2015.04.011},
  pmid    = {26086182},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2015.04.011}
}

@article{sachdev2010-20637138,
  author  = {Sachdev, P. S. and Brodaty, H. and Reppermund, S. and Kochan, N. A. and Trollor, J. N. and Draper, B. and Slavin, M. J. and Crawford, J. and others},
  title   = {{The Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS): methodology and baseline medical and neuropsychiatric characteristics of an elderly epidemiological non-demented cohort of Australians aged 70-90 years}},
  journal = {International psychogeriatrics},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1017/s1041610210001067},
  pmid    = {20637138},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610210001067}
}

@article{chao2019-31050950,
  author  = {Chao, L. L.},
  title   = {{Effects of Home Photobiomodulation Treatments on Cognitive and Behavioral Function, Cerebral Perfusion, and Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Patients with Dementia: A Pilot Trial}},
  journal = {Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1089/photob.2018.4555},
  pmid    = {31050950},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2018.4555}
}

@article{study2017-28045051,
  author  = {{Train the Brain Consortium}},
  title   = {{Randomized trial on the effects of a combined physical/cognitive training in aged MCI subjects: the Train the Brain study}},
  journal = {Scientific reports},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1038/srep39471},
  pmid    = {28045051},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/srep39471}
}

@article{ma2017-28270179,
  author  = {Ma, C. and Yin, Z. and Zhu, P. and Luo, J. and Shi, X. and Gao, X.},
  title   = {{Blood cholesterol in late-life and cognitive decline: a longitudinal study of the Chinese elderly}},
  journal = {Molecular neurodegeneration},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13024-017-0167-y},
  pmid    = {28270179},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-017-0167-y}
}

@article{shakersain2016-26342761,
  author  = {Shakersain, B. and Santoni, G. and Larsson, S. C. and Faxén-Irving, G. and Fastbom, J. and Fratiglioni, L. and Xu, W.},
  title   = {{Prudent diet may attenuate the adverse effects of Western diet on cognitive decline}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jalz.2015.08.002},
  pmid    = {26342761},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2015.08.002}
}

@article{reboussin2025-39819096,
  author  = {Reboussin, David M. and Gaussoin, Sarah A. and Pajewski, Nicholas M. and Jaeger, Byron C. and Sachs, Bonnie C. and Rapp, Stephen R. and Supiano, Mark A. and Cleveland, Maryjo L. and others},
  title   = {{Long-Term Effect of Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control on Mild Cognitive Impairment and Probable Dementia in SPRINT}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000213334},
  pmid    = {39819096},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000213334}
}

@article{stern2012-23079557,
  author  = {Stern, Yaakov},
  title   = {{Cognitive reserve in ageing and Alzheimer's disease}},
  journal = {The Lancet Neurology},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70191-6},
  pmid    = {23079557},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70191-6}
}

@article{tangney2014-25230996,
  author  = {Tangney, C. C. and Li, H. and Wang, Y. and Barnes, L. and Schneider, J. A. and Bennett, D. A. and Morris, M. C.},
  title   = {{Relation of DASH- and Mediterranean-like dietary patterns to cognitive decline in older persons}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000000884},
  pmid    = {25230996},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000000884}
}

@article{cherbuin2012-21937919,
  author  = {Cherbuin, N. and Anstey, K. J.},
  title   = {{The Mediterranean diet is not related to cognitive change in a large prospective investigation: the PATH Through Life study}},
  journal = {The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1097/jgp.0b013e31823032a9},
  pmid    = {21937919},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/jgp.0b013e31823032a9}
}

@article{herrera2012-22525705,
  author  = {Herrera, C. and Chambon, C. and Michel, B. F. and Paban, V. and Alescio-Lautier, B.},
  title   = {{Positive effects of computer-based cognitive training in adults with mild cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {Neuropsychologia},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.04.012},
  pmid    = {22525705},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.04.012}
}

@article{cherian2019-31686099,
  author  = {Cherian, L. and Wang, Y. and Fakuda, K. and Leurgans, S. and Aggarwal, N. and Morris, M.},
  title   = {{Mediterranean-Dash Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) Diet Slows Cognitive Decline After Stroke}},
  journal = {The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.14283/jpad.2019.28},
  pmid    = {31686099},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2019.28}
}

@article{stinemorrow2008-19140649,
  author  = {Stine-Morrow, E. A. and Parisi, J. M. and Morrow, D. G. and Park, D. C.},
  title   = {{The effects of an engaged lifestyle on cognitive vitality: a field experiment}},
  journal = {Psychology and aging},
  year    = {2008},
  doi     = {10.1037/a0014341},
  pmid    = {19140649},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014341}
}

@article{haring2016-27050728,
  author  = {Haring, B. and Wu, C. and Mossavar-Rahmani, Y. and Snetselaar, L. and Brunner, R. and Wallace, R. B. and Neuhouser, M. L. and Wassertheil-Smoller, S.},
  title   = {{No Association between Dietary Patterns and Risk for Cognitive Decline in Older Women with 9-Year Follow-Up: Data from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study}},
  journal = {Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.017},
  pmid    = {27050728},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2015.12.017}
}

@article{strenziok2014-23933474,
  author  = {Strenziok, M. and Parasuraman, R. and Clarke, E. and Cisler, D. S. and Thompson, J. C. and Greenwood, P. M.},
  title   = {{Neurocognitive enhancement in older adults: comparison of three cognitive training tasks to test a hypothesis of training transfer in brain connectivity}},
  journal = {NeuroImage},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.07.069},
  pmid    = {23933474},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.07.069}
}

@article{qin2015-26133024,
  author  = {Qin, B. and Adair, L. S. and Plassman, B. L. and Batis, C. and Edwards, L. J. and Popkin, B. M. and Mendez, M. A.},
  title   = {{Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Decline Among Chinese Older Adults}},
  journal = {Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1097/ede.0000000000000338},
  pmid    = {26133024},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/ede.0000000000000338}
}

@article{wadley2007-17661957,
  author  = {Wadley, V. G. and Crowe, M. and Marsiske, M. and Cook, S. E. and Unverzagt, F. W. and Rosenberg, A. L. and Rexroth, D.},
  title   = {{Changes in everyday function in individuals with psychometrically defined mild cognitive impairment in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly Study}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2007},
  doi     = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01245.x},
  pmid    = {17661957},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01245.x}
}

@article{gooding2016-26674122,
  author  = {Gooding, A. L. and Choi, J. and Fiszdon, J. M. and Wilkins, K. and Kirwin, P. D. and van Dyck, C. H. and Devanand, D. and Bell, M. D. and others},
  title   = {{Comparing three methods of computerised cognitive training for older adults with subclinical cognitive decline}},
  journal = {Neuropsychological rehabilitation},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1080/09602011.2015.1118389},
  pmid    = {26674122},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2015.1118389}
}

@article{barbera2024-38297399,
  author  = {Barbera, M. and Lehtisalo, J. and Perera, D. and Aspö, M. and Cross, M. and De Jager Loots, C. A. and Falaschetti, E. and Friel, N. and others},
  title   = {{A multimodal precision-prevention approach combining lifestyle intervention with metformin repurposing to prevent cognitive impairment and disability: the MET-FINGER randomised controlled trial protocol}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's research \& therapy},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13195-023-01355-x},
  pmid    = {38297399},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-023-01355-x}
}

@article{klimova2016-27672317,
  author  = {Klimova, B.},
  title   = {{Use of the Internet as a prevention tool against cognitive decline in normal aging}},
  journal = {Clinical interventions in aging},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.2147/cia.s113758},
  pmid    = {27672317},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s113758}
}

@article{wagner2020-31781745,
  author  = {Wagner, M. and Grodstein, F. and Proust-Lima, C. and Samieri, C.},
  title   = {{Long-Term Trajectories of Body Weight, Diet, and Physical Activity From Midlife Through Late Life and Subsequent Cognitive Decline in Women}},
  journal = {American journal of epidemiology},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1093/aje/kwz262},
  pmid    = {31781745},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwz262}
}

@article{alwerdt2013-24084526,
  author  = {Alwerdt, J. and Edwards, J. D. and Athilingam, P. and O'Connor, M. L. and Valdés, E. G.},
  title   = {{Longitudinal differences in cognitive functioning among older adults with and without heart failure}},
  journal = {Journal of aging and health},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1177/0898264313505111},
  pmid    = {24084526},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0898264313505111}
}

@article{demnitzking2026-42328805,
  author  = {Demnitz-King, Harriet and Cooper, Claudia and Poppe, Michaela and Budgett, Jessica and Alberts, Sweedal and Duffy, Larisa and Adeleke, Mariam and Barber, Julie and others},
  title   = {{Cost utility and cost-effectiveness of the APPLE-Tree programme: Active Prevention in People at risk of dementia through Lifestyle, bEhaviour change and Technology to build REsiliEnce: economic evaluation embedded within a randomised controlled trial}},
  journal = {Age and ageing},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1093/ageing/afag176},
  pmid    = {42328805},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afag176}
}

@article{seto2024-38884955,
  author  = {Seto, M. and Hohman, T. J. and Mormino, E. C. and Papp, K. V. and Amariglio, R. E. and Rentz, D. M. and Johnson, K. A. and Schultz, A. P. and others},
  title   = {{Parental History of Memory Impairment and β-Amyloid in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.1763},
  pmid    = {38884955},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.1763}
}

@article{maltais2022-35718871,
  author  = {Maltais, M. and de Souto Barreto, P. and Bowman, G. L. and Smith, A. D. and Cantet, C. and Andrieu, S. and Rolland, Y.},
  title   = {{Omega-3 Supplementation for the Prevention of Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Does It Depend on Homocysteine Levels?}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-022-1809-5},
  pmid    = {35718871},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-022-1809-5}
}

@article{horie2016-26713821,
  author  = {Horie, N. C. and Serrao, V. T. and Simon, S. S. and Gascon, M. R. and Dos Santos, A. X. and Zambone, M. A. and Del Bigio de Freitas, M. M. and Cunha-Neto, E. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive Effects of Intentional Weight Loss in Elderly Obese Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment}},
  journal = {The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1210/jc.2015-2315},
  pmid    = {26713821},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-2315}
}

@article{krivanek2021-33935078,
  author  = {Krivanek, T. J. and Gale, S. A. and McFeeley, B. M. and Nicastri, C. M. and Daffner, K. R.},
  title   = {{Promoting Successful Cognitive Aging: A Ten-Year Update}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-201462},
  pmid    = {33935078},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-201462}
}

@article{musiek2018-29379963,
  author  = {Musiek, E. S. and Bhimasani, M. and Zangrilli, M. A. and Morris, J. C. and Holtzman, D. M. and Ju, Y. S.},
  title   = {{Circadian Rest-Activity Pattern Changes in Aging and Preclinical Alzheimer Disease}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.4719},
  pmid    = {29379963},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.4719}
}

@article{kaup2015-25599330,
  author  = {Kaup, A. R. and Nettiksimmons, J. and Harris, T. B. and Sink, K. M. and Satterfield, S. and Metti, A. L. and Ayonayon, H. N. and Yaffe, K. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive resilience to apolipoprotein E ε4: contributing factors in black and white older adults}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.3978},
  pmid    = {25599330},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.3978}
}

@article{lin2011-21728425,
  author  = {Lin, F. R. and Ferrucci, L. and Metter, E. J. and An, Y. and Zonderman, A. B. and Resnick, S. M.},
  title   = {{Hearing loss and cognition in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging}},
  journal = {Neuropsychology},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1037/a0024238},
  pmid    = {21728425},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024238}
}

@article{mosnier2018-30091185,
  author  = {Mosnier, I. and Vanier, A. and Bonnard, D. and Lina-Granade, G. and Truy, E. and Bordure, P. and Godey, B. and Marx, M. and others},
  title   = {{Long-Term Cognitive Prognosis of Profoundly Deaf Older Adults After Hearing Rehabilitation Using Cochlear Implants}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.15445},
  pmid    = {30091185},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15445}
}

@article{garopascual2023-37454673,
  author  = {Garo-Pascual, M. and Gaser, C. and Zhang, L. and Tohka, J. and Medina, M. and Strange, B. A.},
  title   = {{Brain structure and phenotypic profile of superagers compared with age-matched older adults: a longitudinal analysis from the Vallecas Project}},
  journal = {The lancet. Healthy longevity},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00079-x},
  pmid    = {37454673},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00079-x}
}

@article{dawes2015-25760329,
  author  = {Dawes, P. and Emsley, R. and Cruickshanks, K. J. and Moore, D. R. and Fortnum, H. and Edmondson-Jones, M. and McCormack, A. and Munro, K. J.},
  title   = {{Hearing loss and cognition: the role of hearing AIDS, social isolation and depression}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0119616},
  pmid    = {25760329},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119616}
}

@article{vandewinckel2004-15137556,
  author  = {Van de Winckel, A. and Feys, H. and De Weerdt, W. and Dom, R.},
  title   = {{Cognitive and behavioural effects of music-based exercises in patients with dementia}},
  journal = {Clinical rehabilitation},
  year    = {2004},
  doi     = {10.1191/0269215504cr750oa},
  pmid    = {15137556},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215504cr750oa}
}

@article{holthoff2015-25884637,
  author  = {Holthoff, V. A. and Marschner, K. and Scharf, M. and Steding, J. and Meyer, S. and Koch, R. and Donix, M.},
  title   = {{Effects of physical activity training in patients with Alzheimer's dementia: results of a pilot RCT study}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0121478},
  pmid    = {25884637},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121478}
}

@article{zheng2025-40896190,
  author  = {Zheng, Chunyan and Zhang, Qinqin and Liu, Fengli and Qiu, Guihong},
  title   = {{The role of the Mediterranean diet in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus}},
  journal = {Frontiers in Nutrition},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnut.2025.1654684},
  pmid    = {40896190},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1654684}
}

@article{wang2022-35221901,
  author  = {Wang, X. and Hu, J. and Jiang, Q.},
  title   = {{Tooth Loss-Associated Mechanisms That Negatively Affect Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review of Animal Experiments Based on Occlusal Support Loss and Cognitive Impairment}},
  journal = {Frontiers in neuroscience},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnins.2022.811335},
  pmid    = {35221901},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.811335}
}

@article{sanchezsanchez2022-34996522,
  author  = {Sanchez-Sanchez, J. L. and Giudici, K. V. and Guyonnet, S. and Delrieu, J. and Li, Y. and Bateman, R. J. and Parini, A. and Vellas, B. and others},
  title   = {{Plasma MCP-1 and changes on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's research \& therapy},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13195-021-00940-2},
  pmid    = {34996522},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00940-2}
}

@article{xie2013-24136970,
  author  = {Xie, Lulu and Kang, Hongyi and Xu, Qiwu and Chen, Michael J. and Liao, Yonghong and Thiyagarajan, Meenakshisundaram and O’Donnell, John and Christensen, Daniel J. and Nicholson, Charles and Iliff, Jeffrey J. and Takano, Takahiro and Deane, Rashid and Nedergaard, Maiken},
  title   = {{Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain}},
  journal = {Science},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1126/science.1241224},
  pmid    = {24136970},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1241224}
}

@article{fischer2018-29966314,
  author  = {Fischer, K. and Melo van Lent, D. and Wolfsgruber, S. and Weinhold, L. and Kleineidam, L. and Bickel, H. and Scherer, M. and Eisele, M. and others},
  title   = {{Prospective Associations between Single Foods, Alzheimer's Dementia and Memory Decline in the Elderly}},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.3390/nu10070852},
  pmid    = {29966314},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10070852}
}

@article{sundermann2016-27708128,
  author  = {Sundermann, E. E. and Maki, P. M. and Rubin, L. H. and Lipton, R. B. and Landau, S. and Biegon, A. and {Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative}},
  title   = {{Female advantage in verbal memory: Evidence of sex-specific cognitive reserve}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000003288},
  pmid    = {27708128},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000003288}
}

@article{adrait2017-28269769,
  author  = {Adrait, A. and Perrot, X. and Nguyen, M. F. and Gueugnon, M. and Petitot, C. and Collet, L. and Roux, A. and Bonnefoy, M. and others},
  title   = {{Do Hearing Aids Influence Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia and Quality of Life in Hearing Impaired Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Their Caregivers?}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-160792},
  pmid    = {28269769},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-160792}
}

@article{abdalrazaq2023-37043277,
  author  = {Abd-Alrazaq, A. and Abuelezz, I. and AlSaad, R. and Al-Jafar, E. and Ahmed, A. and Aziz, S. and Nashwan, A. and Sheikh, J.},
  title   = {{Serious Games for Learning Among Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis}},
  journal = {Journal of medical Internet research},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.2196/43607},
  pmid    = {37043277},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/43607}
}

@article{talegawkar2012-23096005,
  author  = {Talegawkar, S. A. and Bandinelli, S. and Bandeen-Roche, K. and Chen, P. and Milaneschi, Y. and Tanaka, T. and Semba, R. D. and Guralnik, J. M. and others},
  title   = {{A higher adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet is inversely associated with the development of frailty in community-dwelling elderly men and women}},
  journal = {The Journal of nutrition},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.3945/jn.112.165498},
  pmid    = {23096005},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.112.165498}
}

@article{chen2019-30689586,
  author  = {Chen, X. and Maguire, B. and Brodaty, H. and O'Leary, F.},
  title   = {{Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Health in Older Adults: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-180468},
  pmid    = {30689586},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-180468}
}

@article{langa2005-16103729,
  author  = {Langa, K. M. and Plassman, B. L. and Wallace, R. B. and Herzog, A. R. and Heeringa, S. G. and Ofstedal, M. B. and Burke, JR. and Fisher, G. G. and others},
  title   = {{The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study: study design and methods}},
  journal = {Neuroepidemiology},
  year    = {2005},
  doi     = {10.1159/000087448},
  pmid    = {16103729},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1159/000087448}
}

@article{scheef2012-22914828,
  author  = {Scheef, L. and Spottke, A. and Daerr, M. and Joe, A. and Striepens, N. and Kölsch, H. and Popp, J. and Daamen, M. and others},
  title   = {{Glucose metabolism, gray matter structure, and memory decline in subjective memory impairment}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0b013e31826c1a8d},
  pmid    = {22914828},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0b013e31826c1a8d}
}

@article{okonkwo2014-25298312,
  author  = {Okonkwo, O. C. and Schultz, S. A. and Oh, J. M. and Larson, J. and Edwards, D. and Cook, D. and Koscik, R. and Gallagher, C. L. and others},
  title   = {{Physical activity attenuates age-related biomarker alterations in preclinical AD}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000000964},
  pmid    = {25298312},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000000964}
}

@article{campbell2010-20625168,
  author  = {Campbell, N. L. and Boustani, M. A. and Lane, K. A. and Gao, S. and Hendrie, H. and Khan, B. A. and Murrell, JR. and Unverzagt, F. W. and others},
  title   = {{Use of anticholinergics and the risk of cognitive impairment in an African American population}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e7f2ab},
  pmid    = {20625168},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e7f2ab}
}

@article{chen2017-28817745,
  author  = {Chen, S. P. and Bhattacharya, J. and Pershing, S.},
  title   = {{Association of Vision Loss With Cognition in Older Adults}},
  journal = {JAMA ophthalmology},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.2838},
  pmid    = {28817745},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.2838}
}

@article{kilander1998-9495261,
  author  = {Kilander, L. and Nyman, H. and Boberg, M. and Hansson, L. and Lithell, H.},
  title   = {{Hypertension is related to cognitive impairment: a 20-year follow-up of 999 men}},
  journal = {Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)},
  year    = {1998},
  doi     = {10.1161/01.hyp.31.3.780},
  pmid    = {9495261},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1161/01.hyp.31.3.780}
}

@article{mirelman2012-22768271,
  author  = {Mirelman, A. and Herman, T. and Brozgol, M. and Dorfman, M. and Sprecher, E. and Schweiger, A. and Giladi, N. and Hausdorff, J. M.},
  title   = {{Executive function and falls in older adults: new findings from a five-year prospective study link fall risk to cognition}},
  journal = {PloS one},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pone.0040297},
  pmid    = {22768271},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040297}
}

@article{sinclair2000-11106835,
  author  = {Sinclair, A. J. and Girling, A. J. and Bayer, A. J.},
  title   = {{Cognitive dysfunction in older subjects with diabetes mellitus: impact on diabetes self-management and use of care services. All Wales Research into Elderly (AWARE) Study}},
  journal = {Diabetes research and clinical practice},
  year    = {2000},
  doi     = {10.1016/s0168-8227(00)00195-9},
  pmid    = {11106835},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-8227(00)00195-9}
}

@article{huntley2015-25838501,
  author  = {Huntley, J. D. and Gould, R. L. and Liu, K. and Smith, M. and Howard, R. J.},
  title   = {{Do cognitive interventions improve general cognition in dementia? A meta-analysis and meta-regression}},
  journal = {BMJ open},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005247},
  pmid    = {25838501},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005247}
}

@article{travica2017-28867798,
  author  = {Travica, N. and Ried, K. and Sali, A. and Scholey, A. and Hudson, I. and Pipingas, A.},
  title   = {{Vitamin C Status and Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review}},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.3390/nu9090960},
  pmid    = {28867798},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9090960}
}

@article{kim2025-40325457,
  author  = {Kim, Boeun and Thorpe, Roland J. and Szanton, Sarah L. and Adkins‐Jackson, Paris B. and Samuel, Laura J},
  title   = {{Disparities in neighborhood food environment and cognitive decline among US older adults: a cohort study}},
  journal = {BMC Medicine},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12916-025-04091-1},
  pmid    = {40325457},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04091-1}
}

@article{wong2023-37647071,
  author  = {Wong, Christina G. and Miller, Justin B. and Zhang, Fan and Rissman, Robert A. and Raman, Rema and Hall, James Richard and Petersen, Melissa E. and Yaffe, Kristine S. and others},
  title   = {{Evaluation of Neighborhood-Level Disadvantage and Cognition in Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White Adults 50 Years and Older in the US}},
  journal = {JAMA Network Open},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.25325},
  pmid    = {37647071},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.25325}
}

@article{agarwal2025-40773193,
  author  = {Agarwal, Puja and Agrawal, Sonal and Wagner, Maude and Cherian, Laurel J. and Aggarwal, Neelum T. and James, Bryan D. and Holland, Thomas Monroe and Bennett, David Alan and others},
  title   = {{MIND Diet and Hippocampal Sclerosis Among Community-Based Older Adults}},
  journal = {JAMA Network Open},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.26089},
  pmid    = {40773193},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.26089}
}

@article{whitfield2025-41267582,
  author  = {Whitfield, Elenyd M and Cooper, Claudia and Demnitz‐King, Harriet and Zabihi, Sedigheh and Barber, Julie and Adeleke, Mariam Olaide and Morse, Rachel M. and Ahmed, A Karim and others},
  title   = {{Process evaluation of APPLE-Tree (active prevention in people at risk of dementia through lifestyle behaviour change and technology to build resilience): dementia prevention study focused on health and lifestyle changes}},
  journal = {BJPsych Open},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1192/bjo.2025.10874},
  pmid    = {41267582},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2025.10874}
}

@article{zhang2025-41136538,
  author  = {Zhang, Ruixia and Fan, Yi and Mao, Hongjing and Huang, Zhengxing and Wang, Kai and Zhang, Junhang},
  title   = {{Brain age gap as a predictive biomarker that links aging, lifestyle, and neuropsychiatric health}},
  journal = {Communications Medicine},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1038/s43856-025-01100-5},
  pmid    = {41136538},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-025-01100-5}
}

@article{gamble2025-39775724,
  author  = {Gamble, Laura D. and Clare, Linda and Opdebeeck, Carol and Martyr, Anthony J. and Jones, Roy W. and Rusted, Jennifer M. and Pentecost, Claire Louise and Thom, Jeanette M. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive reserve and its impact on cognitive and functional abilities, physical activity and quality of life following a diagnosis of dementia: longitudinal findings from the Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life (IDEAL) study}},
  journal = {Age and Ageing},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1093/ageing/afae284},
  pmid    = {39775724},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afae284}
}

@article{samuelsson2025-40302043,
  author  = {Samuelsson, Jessica and Stubbendorff, Anna and Marseglia, Anna and Lindberg, Olof E. and Dartora, Caroline Machado and Shams, Sara and Cedrés, Nira and Kern, Silke and others},
  title   = {{A comparative study of the EAT‐Lancet diet and the Mediterranean diet in relation to neuroimaging biomarkers and cognitive performance}},
  journal = {Alzheimer s \& Dementia},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.70191},
  pmid    = {40302043},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70191}
}

@article{sugimoto2025-40065916,
  author  = {Sugimoto, Taiki and Uchida, Kazuaki and Sato, Kenji and Yokoyama, Yoko and Onoyama, Ayaka and Fujita, Kosuke and Kuroda, Yujiro and Wakayama, Satomu and others},
  title   = {{Factors associated with adherence to tablet‐based cognitive training: J‐MINT study}},
  journal = {Alzheimer s \& Dementia Translational Research \& Clinical Interventions},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1002/trc2.70062},
  pmid    = {40065916},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/trc2.70062}
}

@article{beyer2025-40378769,
  author  = {Beyer, Frauke and Kleine, Lukas and Zülke, Andrea E. and Luppa, Melanie and Mildner, Toralf and Gensichen, Jochen Stefan and Frese, Thomas and Czock, David and others},
  title   = {{Exploring the effect of multi-modal intervention against cognitive decline on atrophy and small vessel disease imaging markers in the AgeWell.de imaging study}},
  journal = {NeuroImage Clinical},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103796},
  pmid    = {40378769},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2025.103796}
}

@article{alrob2025-40288797,
  author  = {Alrob, Hajar Abu and Afeef, Vehra Muhammad and Shurman, Abdallah and Shulkin, Alexandra and Azizudin, Ashlee and Hillier, Loretta M. and Ioannidis, George and Thabane, Lehana and others},
  title   = {{Scoping review exploring the impact of hip fracture in older adults with cognitive impairment or dementia}},
  journal = {BMJ Open},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093893},
  pmid    = {40288797},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093893}
}

@article{hosking2019-30826160,
  author  = {Hosking, D. E. and Eramudugolla, R. and Cherbuin, N. and Anstey, K. J.},
  title   = {{MIND not Mediterranean diet related to 12-year incidence of cognitive impairment in an Australian longitudinal cohort study}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jalz.2018.12.011},
  pmid    = {30826160},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2018.12.011}
}

@article{klimova2017-28579767,
  author  = {Klimova, B. and Valis, M. and Kuca, K.},
  title   = {{Cognitive decline in normal aging and its prevention: a review on non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies}},
  journal = {Clinical interventions in aging},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.2147/cia.s132963},
  pmid    = {28579767},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s132963}
}

@article{zulke2019-31370792,
  author  = {Zülke, A. and Luck, T. and Pabst, A. and Hoffmann, W. and Thyrian, JR. and Gensichen, J. and Kaduszkiewicz, H. and König, H. H. and others},
  title   = {{AgeWell.de - study protocol of a pragmatic multi-center cluster-randomized controlled prevention trial against cognitive decline in older primary care patients}},
  journal = {BMC geriatrics},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12877-019-1212-1},
  pmid    = {31370792},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1212-1}
}

@article{woolf2022-33913064,
  author  = {Woolf, C. and Lampit, A. and Shahnawaz, Z. and Sabates, J. and Norrie, L. M. and Burke, D. and Naismith, S. L. and Mowszowski, L.},
  title   = {{A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cognitive Training in Adults with Major Depressive Disorder}},
  journal = {Neuropsychology review},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11065-021-09487-3},
  pmid    = {33913064},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-021-09487-3}
}

@article{wesselman2021-32472387,
  author  = {Wesselman, L. M. P. and van Lent, D. M. and Schröder, A. and van de Rest, O. and Peters, O. and Menne, F. and Fuentes, M. and Priller, J. and others},
  title   = {{Dietary patterns are related to cognitive functioning in elderly enriched with individuals at increased risk for Alzheimer's disease}},
  journal = {European journal of nutrition},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1007/s00394-020-02257-6},
  pmid    = {32472387},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02257-6}
}

@article{lo2011-21670386,
  author  = {Lo, R. Y. and Hubbard, A. E. and Shaw, L. M. and Trojanowski, J. Q. and Petersen, R. C. and Aisen, P. S. and Weiner, M. W. and Jagust, W. J. and others},
  title   = {{Longitudinal change of biomarkers in cognitive decline}},
  journal = {Archives of neurology},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1001/archneurol.2011.123},
  pmid    = {21670386},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.123}
}

@article{rosano2012-21965414,
  author  = {Rosano, C. and Studenski, S. A. and Aizenstein, H. J. and Boudreau, R. M. and Longstreth, W. T. and Newman, A. B.},
  title   = {{Slower gait, slower information processing and smaller prefrontal area in older adults}},
  journal = {Age and ageing},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1093/ageing/afr113},
  pmid    = {21965414},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afr113}
}

@article{paggetti2024-39485657,
  author  = {Paggetti, A. and Druda, Y. and Sciancalepore, F. and Della Gatta, F. and Ancidoni, A. and Locuratolo, N. and others},
  title   = {{The efficacy of cognitive stimulation, cognitive training, and cognitive rehabilitation for people living with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis}},
  journal = {GeroScience},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11357-024-01400-z},
  pmid    = {39485657},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-024-01400-z}
}

@article{ho2011-21705865,
  author  = {Ho, R. C. and Cheung, M. W. and Fu, E. and Win, H. H. and Zaw, M. H. and Ng, A. and Mak, A.},
  title   = {{Is high homocysteine level a risk factor for cognitive decline in elderly? A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression}},
  journal = {The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181f17eed},
  pmid    = {21705865},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1097/jgp.0b013e3181f17eed}
}

@article{deal2017-27071780,
  author  = {Deal, J. A. and Betz, J. and Yaffe, K. and Harris, T. and Purchase-Helzner, E. and Satterfield, S. and Pratt, S. and Govil, N. and others},
  title   = {{Hearing Impairment and Incident Dementia and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: The Health ABC Study}},
  journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1093/gerona/glw069},
  pmid    = {27071780},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glw069}
}

@article{panza2018-29562543,
  author  = {Panza, F. and Lozupone, M. and Solfrizzi, V. and Sardone, R. and Dibello, V. and Di Lena, L. and D'Urso, F. and Stallone, R. and others},
  title   = {{Different Cognitive Frailty Models and Health- and Cognitive-related Outcomes in Older Age: From Epidemiology to Prevention}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-170963},
  pmid    = {29562543},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-170963}
}

@article{ko2018-29946685,
  author  = {Ko, F. and Muthy, Z. A. and Gallacher, J. and Sudlow, C. and Rees, G. and Yang, Q. and Keane, P. A. and Petzold, A. and others},
  title   = {{Association of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thinning With Current and Future Cognitive Decline: A Study Using Optical Coherence Tomography}},
  journal = {JAMA neurology},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.1578},
  pmid    = {29946685},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.1578}
}

@article{sink2009-19597068,
  author  = {Sink, K. M. and Leng, X. and Williamson, J. and Kritchevsky, S. B. and Yaffe, K. and Kuller, L. and Yasar, S. and Atkinson, H. and others},
  title   = {{Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and cognitive decline in older adults with hypertension: results from the Cardiovascular Health Study}},
  journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
  year    = {2009},
  doi     = {10.1001/archinternmed.2009.175},
  pmid    = {19597068},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.175}
}

@article{jobson2021-34222873,
  author  = {Jobson, D. D. and Hase, Y. and Clarkson, A. N. and Kalaria, R. N.},
  title   = {{The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in cognition, ageing and dementia}},
  journal = {Brain communications},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1093/braincomms/fcab125},
  pmid    = {34222873},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcab125}
}

@article{gross2015-26523693,
  author  = {Gross, A. L. and Mungas, D. M. and Crane, P. K. and Gibbons, L. E. and MacKay-Brandt, A. and Manly, J. J. and Mukherjee, S. and Romero, H. and others},
  title   = {{Effects of education and race on cognitive decline: An integrative study of generalizability versus study-specific results}},
  journal = {Psychology and aging},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1037/pag0000032},
  pmid    = {26523693},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000032}
}

@article{okumiya1996-8617907,
  author  = {Okumiya, K. and Matsubayashi, K. and Wada, T. and Kimura, S. and Doi, Y. and Ozawa, T.},
  title   = {{Effects of exercise on neurobehavioral function in community-dwelling older people more than 75 years of age}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {1996},
  doi     = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01444.x},
  pmid    = {8617907},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.1996.tb01444.x}
}

@article{kim2019-30621676,
  author  = {Kim, H. and Kim, H. K. and Kim, S. Y. and Kim, Y. I. and Yoo, H. R. and Jung, I. C.},
  title   = {{Cognitive improvement effects of electro-acupuncture for the treatment of MCI compared with Western medications: a systematic review and Meta-analysis}},
  journal = {BMC complementary and alternative medicine},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12906-018-2407-2},
  pmid    = {30621676},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2407-2}
}

@article{marzona2012-22371515,
  author  = {Marzona, I. and O'Donnell, M. and Teo, K. and Gao, P. and Anderson, C. and Bosch, J. and Yusuf, S.},
  title   = {{Increased risk of cognitive and functional decline in patients with atrial fibrillation: results of the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND studies}},
  journal = {CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne},
  year    = {2012},
  doi     = {10.1503/cmaj.111173},
  pmid    = {22371515},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.111173}
}

@article{schroer2023-37587343,
  author  = {Schroer, A. B. and Ventura, P. B. and Sucharov, J. and Misra, R. and Chui, M. K. K. and Bieri, G. and Horowitz, A. M. and Smith, L. K. and others},
  title   = {{Platelet factors attenuate inflammation and rescue cognition in ageing}},
  journal = {Nature},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41586-023-06436-3},
  pmid    = {37587343},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06436-3}
}

@article{schneider2025-40559671,
  author  = {Schneider, Andy and Leite, Luciano Bernardes and Teixeira, José E. and Forte, Pedro Miguel and Barbosa, Tiago M. and Monteiro, António M.},
  title   = {{Multicomponent Exercise and Functional Fitness: Strategies for Fall Prevention in Aging Women}},
  journal = {Sports},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.3390/sports13060159},
  pmid    = {40559671},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13060159}
}

@article{huang2025-40316979,
  author  = {Huang, Chenshan and Yan, Yuanjiao and Tam, Wilson and Sun, Wenqian and Ye, Yu and Wang, Nafang and Shi, Yanhong and Zhu, Ziping and others},
  title   = {{Effects of an integrated social-art intervention on cognitive and psychosocial outcomes among older adults with mild cognitive impairment in nursing homes: a mixed methods study}},
  journal = {BMC Medicine},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1186/s12916-025-04085-z},
  pmid    = {40316979},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04085-z}
}

@article{amabili2025-40896828,
  author  = {Amabili, Giulio and Maranesi, Elvira and Margaritini, Arianna and Bonfigli, Anna Rita and Felici, Elisa and Barbarossa, Federico and Benadduci, Marco and Gosetto, Laëtitia and others},
  title   = {{Managing Cognitive Decline Through a Social Robot–Based Intervention: Protocol for the engAGE Proof of Concept and Randomized Controlled Trial}},
  journal = {JMIR Research Protocols},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.2196/67601},
  pmid    = {40896828},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/67601}
}

@article{tainta2025-40589624,
  author  = {Tainta, Mikel and Ecay‐Torres, Mirian and Barandiarán, Myriam and Estanga, Ainara and López, Carolina and Altuna, Miren and Iriondo, Ane and Saldias, Jon and others},
  title   = {{CITA GO-ON study. A community based multidomain lifestyle intervention to prevent cognitive decline. Protocol design and recruitment process}},
  journal = {Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.3389/fnagi.2025.1539711},
  pmid    = {40589624},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2025.1539711}
}

@article{andrieu2017-28359749,
  author  = {Andrieu, Sandrine and Guyonnet, Sophie and Coley, Nicola and Cantet, Christelle and Bonnefoy, Marc and Bordes, Serge and Bories, Lawrence and Cufi, Marie-Noëlle and DANTOINE, THIERRY F. and Dartigues, Jean‐François and Desclaux, Françoise and Gabelle, Audrey and Gasnier, Yannick and Pesce, Alain and Sudres, Kristel and Touchon, Jacques and Robert, Philippe Henri and Rouaud, Olivier and Legrand, Philippe and Payoux, Pierre and Caubère, Jean-Paul and Weiner, Michael W. and Carrié, Isabelle and Ousset, Pierre-Jean and Vellas, Bruno J. and Vellas, Bruno and Brigitte, Lauréane and Faisant, Catherine and Lala, Françoise and Delrieu, Julien and Villars, Hélène and Combrouze, Emeline and Badufle, Carole and Zueras, Audrey and Morin, Christophe and van Kan, Gabor Abellán and Dupuy, Charlotte and Rolland, Yves and Caillaud, Céline and Fougère, Bertrand and Willis, Sherry L. and Belleville, Sylvie and Gilbert, Brigitte and Fontaine, Francine S. and Marcet, Isabelle and Delva, Fleur and Foubert, Alexandra and Cerda, Sandrine and Noëlle-Cuffi, Marie and Costes, Corinne and Manckoundia, Patrick and Quipourt, Valérie and Marilier, Sophie and Franon, Evelyne and Pader, Marie-Laure and Basset, Marie-France and Lapoujade, Bruno and Faure, Valérie and Li, Michael and Tong, Yung and Malick-Loiseau, Christine and Cazaban-Campistron, Evelyne and Blatge, Colette and Dantoine, Thierry and Laubarie-Mouret, Cécile and Saulnier, Isabelle and Clément, Jean-Pierre and Picat, Marie-Agnès and Bernard‐Bourzeix, Laurence and Willebois, Stéphanie and Désormais, Iléana and Cardinaud, Noëlle and Livet, Pierre and Rebaudet, Pascale and Gédéon, Claire and Burdet, Catherine and Terracol, Flavien and Roth, Stéphanie and Chaillou, Sylvie and Louchart, Sandrine and Lebrun, Nicolas and Barro-Belaygues, Nadège and Bennys, Karim and Romano, Aurélia and Touati, Lynda and Marelli, Cécilia and Pays, Cécile and Le Duff, Franck and Gervais, Claire and Gonfrier, Sebastien and Begorre, Danièle and Carpuat, Christian and Khales, Khaled and Lefebvre, Jean-François and El Idrissi, Samira Misbah and Skolil, Pierre and Salles, Jean-Pierre and Dufouil, Carole and Lehéricy, Stéphane and Chupin, Marie and Mangin, Jean‐François and Bouhayia, Ali and Allard, Michèle and Ricolfi, Frédéric and Dubois, Dominique and Paule, Marie and Martel, B. and Cotton, François and Bonafé, Alain and Chanalet, S. and Hugon, Françoise and Bonneville, Fabrice and Cognard, Christophe and Chollet, François and Voisin, Thierry and Peiffer, Sophie and Hitzel, Anne and Zanca, Michel and Monteil, Jacques and Darcourt, Jacques and Molinier, Laurent and Derumeaux, Hélène and Costa, Nadège and Vincent, Christian and Perret, Bertrand and Vinel, Claire and Olivier, Pascale},
  title   = {{Effect of long-term omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation with or without multidomain intervention on cognitive function in elderly adults with memory complaints (MAPT): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial}},
  journal = {The Lancet Neurology},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30040-6},
  pmid    = {28359749},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30040-6}
}

@article{godos2019-31035395,
  author  = {Godos, J. and Ferri, R. and Caraci, F. and Cosentino, F. I. I. and Castellano, S. and Galvano, F. and Grosso, G.},
  title   = {{Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet is Associated with Better Sleep Quality in Italian Adults}},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year    = {2019},
  doi     = {10.3390/nu11050976},
  pmid    = {31035395},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11050976}
}

@article{siervo2021-34562607,
  author  = {Siervo, M. and Shannon, O. M. and Llewellyn, D. J. and Stephan, B. C. and Fontana, L.},
  title   = {{Mediterranean diet and cognitive function: From methodology to mechanisms of action}},
  journal = {Free radical biology \& medicine},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.018},
  pmid    = {34562607},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.018}
}

@article{wagner2023-36855023,
  author  = {Wagner, M. and Agarwal, P. and Leurgans, S. E. and Bennett, D. A. and Schneider, J. A. and Capuano, A. W. and Grodstein, F.},
  title   = {{The association of MIND diet with cognitive resilience to neuropathologies}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2023},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.12982},
  pmid    = {36855023},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12982}
}

@article{keenan2020-32285590,
  author  = {Keenan, T. D. and Agrón, E. and Mares, J. A. and Clemons, T. E. and van Asten, F. and Swaroop, A. and Chew, E. Y. and Groups, AREDS and AREDS2 Research},
  title   = {{Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and cognitive function in the Age-Related Eye Disease Studies 1 \& 2}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.12077},
  pmid    = {32285590},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12077}
}

@article{li2024-39129336,
  author  = {Li, J. and Capuano, A. W. and Agarwal, P. and Arvanitakis, Z. and Wang, Y. and De Jager, P. L. and Schneider, J. A. and Tasaki, S. and others},
  title   = {{The MIND diet, brain transcriptomic alterations, and dementia}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2024},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.14062},
  pmid    = {39129336},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.14062}
}

@article{persson2006-16162855,
  author  = {Persson, J. and Nyberg, L. and Lind, J. and Larsson, A. and Nilsson, L. G. and Ingvar, M. and Buckner, R. L.},
  title   = {{Structure-function correlates of cognitive decline in aging}},
  journal = {Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)},
  year    = {2006},
  doi     = {10.1093/cercor/bhj036},
  pmid    = {16162855},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhj036}
}

@article{marquis2002-11939895,
  author  = {Marquis, S. and Moore, M. M. and Howieson, D. B. and Sexton, G. and Payami, H. and Kaye, J. A. and Camicioli, R.},
  title   = {{Independent predictors of cognitive decline in healthy elderly persons}},
  journal = {Archives of neurology},
  year    = {2002},
  doi     = {10.1001/archneur.59.4.601},
  pmid    = {11939895},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.59.4.601}
}

@article{chen2025-41296993,
  author  = {Chen, L. and Carr, D. B. and Singh, R. K. and Bekena, S. and Zhu, Y. and Taylor, K. and Trani, J. F. and Babulal, G. M.},
  title   = {{Association of Daily Driving Behaviors With Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults Followed Over 10 Years}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1212/WNL.0000000000214440},
  pmid    = {41296993},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000214440}
}

@article{amariglio2020-32417775,
  author  = {Amariglio, R. E. and Buckley, R. F. and Rabin, J. S. and Papp, K. V. and Quiroz, Y. T. and Mormino, E. C. and Sparks, K. P. and Johnson, K. A. and others},
  title   = {{Examining Cognitive Decline Across Black and White Participants in the Harvard Aging Brain Study}},
  journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.3233/jad-191291},
  pmid    = {32417775},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-191291}
}

@article{baumel2021-33368017,
  author  = {Baumel, B. S. and Doraiswamy, P. M. and Sabbagh, M. and Wurtman, R.},
  title   = {{Potential Neuroregenerative and Neuroprotective Effects of Uridine/Choline-Enriched Multinutrient Dietary Intervention for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Narrative Review}},
  journal = {Neurology and therapy},
  year    = {2021},
  doi     = {10.1007/s40120-020-00227-y},
  pmid    = {33368017},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-020-00227-y}
}

@article{moletbenhamou2022-36097005,
  author  = {Molet-Benhamou, L. and Giudici, K. V. and de Souto Barreto, P. and Cantet, C. and Rolland, Y. and {MAPT/DSA group}},
  title   = {{Association between urate-lowering therapies and cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults}},
  journal = {Scientific reports},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1038/s41598-022-17808-6},
  pmid    = {36097005},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-17808-6}
}

@article{reisberg2010-20129317,
  author  = {Reisberg, B. and Shulman, M. B. and Torossian, C. and Leng, L. and Zhu, W.},
  title   = {{Outcome over seven years of healthy adults with and without subjective cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {Alzheimer's \& dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jalz.2009.10.002},
  pmid    = {20129317},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2009.10.002}
}

@article{cheng2016-27481112,
  author  = {Cheng, S. T.},
  title   = {{Cognitive Reserve and the Prevention of Dementia: the Role of Physical and Cognitive Activities}},
  journal = {Current psychiatry reports},
  year    = {2016},
  doi     = {10.1007/s11920-016-0721-2},
  pmid    = {27481112},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0721-2}
}

@article{clare2017-28323829,
  author  = {Clare, L. and Wu, Y. T. and Teale, J. C. and MacLeod, C. and Matthews, F. and Brayne, C. and Woods, B. and {CFAS-Wales study team}},
  title   = {{Potentially modifiable lifestyle factors, cognitive reserve, and cognitive function in later life: A cross-sectional study}},
  journal = {PLoS medicine},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1002259},
  pmid    = {28323829},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002259}
}

@article{lee2010-19883522,
  author  = {Lee, Y. and Back, J. H. and Kim, J. and Kim, S. H. and Na, D. L. and Cheong, H. K. and Hong, C. H. and Kim, Y. G.},
  title   = {{Systematic review of health behavioral risks and cognitive health in older adults}},
  journal = {International psychogeriatrics},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1017/s1041610209991189},
  pmid    = {19883522},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1017/s1041610209991189}
}

@article{panza2015-25732217,
  author  = {Panza, F. and Solfrizzi, V. and Barulli, M. R. and Bonfiglio, C. and Guerra, V. and Osella, A. and Seripa, D. and Sabbà, C. and others},
  title   = {{Coffee, tea, and caffeine consumption and prevention of late-life cognitive decline and dementia: a systematic review}},
  journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1007/s12603-014-0563-8},
  pmid    = {25732217},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-014-0563-8}
}

@article{zahodne2014-25093232,
  author  = {Zahodne, L. B. and Stern, Y. and Manly, J. J.},
  title   = {{Depressive symptoms precede memory decline, but not vice versa, in non-demented older adults}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2014},
  doi     = {10.1111/jgs.12600},
  pmid    = {25093232},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.12600}
}

@article{wu2017-28082001,
  author  = {Wu, Y. T. and Prina, A. M. and Jones, A. and Matthews, F. E. and Brayne, C. and {Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study Collaboration}},
  title   = {{The Built Environment and Cognitive Disorders: Results From the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study II}},
  journal = {American journal of preventive medicine},
  year    = {2017},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.amepre.2016.11.020},
  pmid    = {28082001},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.11.020}
}

@article{avilafunes2009-19245415,
  author  = {Avila-Funes, J. A. and Amieva, H. and Barberger-Gateau, P. and Le Goff, M. and Raoux, N. and Ritchie, K. and Carrière, I. and Tavernier, B. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive impairment improves the predictive validity of the phenotype of frailty for adverse health outcomes: the three-city study}},
  journal = {Journal of the American Geriatrics Society},
  year    = {2009},
  doi     = {10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02136.x},
  pmid    = {19245415},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02136.x}
}

@article{dufouil1996-8823058,
  author  = {Dufouil, C. and Fuhrer, R. and Dartigues, J. F. and Alpérovitch, A.},
  title   = {{Longitudinal analysis of the association between depressive symptomatology and cognitive deterioration}},
  journal = {American journal of epidemiology},
  year    = {1996},
  doi     = {10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008974},
  pmid    = {8823058},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008974}
}

@article{tai2022-35241774,
  author  = {Tai, X. Y. and Chen, C. and Manohar, S. and Husain, M.},
  title   = {{Impact of sleep duration on executive function and brain structure}},
  journal = {Communications biology},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1038/s42003-022-03123-3},
  pmid    = {35241774},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03123-3}
}

@article{ebly1995-7763211,
  author  = {Ebly, E. M. and Hogan, D. B. and Parhad, I. M.},
  title   = {{Cognitive impairment in the nondemented elderly. Results from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging}},
  journal = {Archives of neurology},
  year    = {1995},
  doi     = {10.1001/archneur.1995.00540300086018},
  pmid    = {7763211},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1995.00540300086018}
}

@article{buchman2009-19546415,
  author  = {Buchman, A. S. and Boyle, P. A. and Wilson, R. S. and Fleischman, D. A. and Leurgans, S. and Bennett, D. A.},
  title   = {{Association between late-life social activity and motor decline in older adults}},
  journal = {Archives of internal medicine},
  year    = {2009},
  doi     = {10.1001/archinternmed.2009.135},
  pmid    = {19546415},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.135}
}

@article{chung2026-41790466,
  author  = {Chung, Yu-Chu Ella and Chung, Ren-Hua and Hsu, Chih-Cheng and Liu, Yu-Li and Lai, Rai-Hua and Hung, Wen-Jiu and Wu, Ray-Chin and Jiang, Yun‐Jin and others},
  title   = {{APOE ε4 and Accelerated Cognitive Decline Among Cognitively Healthy Middle-Aged and Older Adults}},
  journal = {JAMA Network Open},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.0853},
  pmid    = {41790466},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.0853}
}

@article{nyberg2025-39909687,
  author  = {Nyberg, Solja T. and Frank, Philipp and Pentti, Jaana and Alfredsson, Lars S. and Ervasti, Jenni M and Goldberg, Marcel and Knutsson, Anders and Koskinen, Aki and others},
  title   = {{Health benefits of leisure-time physical activity by socioeconomic status, lifestyle risk, and mental health: a multicohort study}},
  journal = {The Lancet Public Health},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00300-1},
  pmid    = {39909687},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00300-1}
}

@article{pike2025-40369891,
  author  = {Pike, James Russell and Huang, Alison and Reed, Nicholas Simon and Arnold, Michelle L. and Chisolm, Theresa Hnath and Couper, David J. and Deal, Jennifer A. and Glynn, Nancy W. and others},
  title   = {{Cognitive benefits of hearing intervention vary by risk of cognitive decline: A secondary analysis of the ACHIEVE trial}},
  journal = {Alzheimer s \& Dementia},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.70156},
  pmid    = {40369891},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70156}
}

@article{gonzalezmoreno2025-39840773,
  author  = {González-Moreno, Jesús and Satorres, Encarnación and Meléndez, Juan C. and Soria-Urios, Gema},
  title   = {{Comparing Traditional and Technology-Based Methods for Executive Function and Attention Training in Moderate Alzheimer's Dementia}},
  journal = {Psicothema},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.70478/psicothema.2025.37.05},
  pmid    = {39840773},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.70478/psicothema.2025.37.05}
}

@article{cherbuin2026-42098784,
  author  = {Cherbuin, Nicolas and Northey, Joseph M. and Walsh, Erin I. and Burns, Richard A. and Speer, Hollie and Lawlis, Nicholas and Namsrai, Tergel and Scott, Amanda and others},
  title   = {{A randomised controlled trial of physical activity and cognitive training in older adults: the PhABHeaD study}},
  journal = {Trials},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1186/s13063-026-09681-9},
  pmid    = {42098784},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-026-09681-9}
}

@article{velloso2025-39877892,
  author  = {Velloso, Vitória Florêncio and Latgé-Tovar, Sofia and Bomilcar, Iris and Mograbi, Daniel C.},
  title   = {{Cognitive interventions for healthy older adults: A systematic meta-review}},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100538},
  pmid    = {39877892},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100538}
}

@article{rolland2010-20176294,
  author  = {Rolland, Y. and Abellan van Kan, G. and Vellas, B.},
  title   = {{Healthy brain aging: role of exercise and physical activity}},
  journal = {Clinics in geriatric medicine},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.cger.2009.11.002},
  pmid    = {20176294},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2009.11.002}
}

@article{ligthart2010-20859546,
  author  = {Ligthart, S. A. and Moll van Charante, E. P. and Van Gool, W. A. and Richard, E.},
  title   = {{Treatment of cardiovascular risk factors to prevent cognitive decline and dementia: a systematic review}},
  journal = {Vascular health and risk management},
  year    = {2010},
  doi     = {10.2147/vhrm.s7343},
  pmid    = {20859546},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2147/vhrm.s7343}
}

@article{scarmeas2018-30244829,
  author  = {Scarmeas, N. and Anastasiou, C. A. and Yannakoulia, M.},
  title   = {{Nutrition and prevention of cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {The Lancet. Neurology},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30338-7},
  pmid    = {30244829},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30338-7}
}

@article{lindenberger2009-19290733,
  author  = {Lindenberger, U. and Ghisletta, P.},
  title   = {{Cognitive and sensory declines in old age: gauging the evidence for a common cause}},
  journal = {Psychology and aging},
  year    = {2009},
  doi     = {10.1037/a0014986},
  pmid    = {19290733},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014986}
}

@article{song2020-32439001,
  author  = {Song, R. and Xu, H. and Dintica, C. S. and Pan, K. Y. and Qi, X. and Buchman, A. S. and Bennett, D. A. and Xu, W.},
  title   = {{Associations Between Cardiovascular Risk, Structural Brain Changes, and Cognitive Decline}},
  journal = {Journal of the American College of Cardiology},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.053},
  pmid    = {32439001},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.053}
}

@article{arvanitakis2018-28961897,
  author  = {Arvanitakis, Z. and Capuano, A. W. and Bennett, D. A. and Barnes, L. L.},
  title   = {{Body Mass Index and Decline in Cognitive Function in Older Black and White Persons}},
  journal = {The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences},
  year    = {2018},
  doi     = {10.1093/gerona/glx152},
  pmid    = {28961897},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glx152}
}

@article{osorio2015-25878183,
  author  = {Osorio, R. S. and Gumb, T. and Pirraglia, E. and Varga, A. W. and Lu, S. E. and Lim, J. and Wohlleber, M. E. and Ducca, E. L. and others},
  title   = {{Sleep-disordered breathing advances cognitive decline in the elderly}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2015},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0000000000001566},
  pmid    = {25878183},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000001566}
}

@article{volkmer2020-31134821,
  author  = {Volkmer, A. and Spector, A. and Meitanis, V. and Warren, J. D. and Beeke, S.},
  title   = {{Effects of functional communication interventions for people with primary progressive aphasia and their caregivers: a systematic review}},
  journal = {Aging \& mental health},
  year    = {2020},
  doi     = {10.1080/13607863.2019.1617246},
  pmid    = {31134821},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1617246}
}

@article{noble2009-19419981,
  author  = {Noble, J. M. and Borrell, L. N. and Papapanou, P. N. and Elkind, M. S. and Scarmeas, N. and Wright, C. B.},
  title   = {{Periodontitis is associated with cognitive impairment among older adults: analysis of NHANES-III}},
  journal = {Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry},
  year    = {2009},
  doi     = {10.1136/jnnp.2009.174029},
  pmid    = {19419981},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2009.174029}
}

@article{vanharten2013-24049134,
  author  = {van Harten, A. C. and Smits, L. L. and Teunissen, C. E. and Visser, P. J. and Koene, T. and Blankenstein, M. A. and Scheltens, P. and van der Flier, W. M.},
  title   = {{Preclinical AD predicts decline in memory and executive functions in subjective complaints}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2013},
  doi     = {10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182a8418b},
  pmid    = {24049134},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182a8418b}
}

@article{ganguli2005-16247047,
  author  = {Ganguli, M. and Vander Bilt, J. and Saxton, J. A. and Shen, C. and Dodge, H. H.},
  title   = {{Alcohol consumption and cognitive function in late life: a longitudinal community study}},
  journal = {Neurology},
  year    = {2005},
  doi     = {10.1212/01.wnl.0000180520.35181.24},
  pmid    = {16247047},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000180520.35181.24}
}

@article{breteler1994-8025427,
  author  = {Breteler, M. M. and Claus, J. J. and Grobbee, D. E. and Hofman, A.},
  title   = {{Cardiovascular disease and distribution of cognitive function in elderly people: the Rotterdam Study}},
  journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
  year    = {1994},
  doi     = {10.1136/bmj.308.6944.1604},
  pmid    = {8025427},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.308.6944.1604}
}

@article{whitmer2011-21280086,
  author  = {Whitmer, R. A. and Quesenberry, C. P. and Zhou, J. and Yaffe, K.},
  title   = {{Timing of hormone therapy and dementia: the critical window theory revisited}},
  journal = {Annals of neurology},
  year    = {2011},
  doi     = {10.1002/ana.22239},
  pmid    = {21280086},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.22239}
}

@article{vassilaki2022-35666244,
  author  = {Vassilaki, Maria E. and Aakre, Jeremiah A. and Castillo, Anna M. and Chamberlain, Alanna M. and Wilson, Patrick M. and Kremers, Walter K. and Mielke, Michelle M. and Geda, Yonas E. and others},
  title   = {{Association of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and cognitive impairment}},
  journal = {Alzheimer s \& Dementia},
  year    = {2022},
  doi     = {10.1002/alz.12702},
  pmid    = {35666244},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12702}
}

@article{gentry2026-42421660,
  author  = {Gentry, Amanda and Sereika, Susan M. and Erickson, Kirk I. and McCall, Maura K. and Belcher, Sarah M. and Cummings, Meredith and Cho, Myeong-Ga and Brufsky, Eliza and others},
  title   = {{The relationship of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and pretreatment cancer‐related cognitive impairment in women with breast cancer: A post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial}},
  journal = {Cancer},
  year    = {2026},
  doi     = {10.1002/cncr.70506},
  pmid    = {42421660},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.70506}
}

@article{ren2025-40305830,
  author  = {Ren, Hao and Zheng, Yiying and Li, Changjin and Jing, Fengshi and Wang, Qiting and Luo, Zeyu and Li, Dongxiao and Liang, Deyi and others},
  title   = {{Using Machine Learning to Predict Cognitive Decline in Older Adults From the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey: Model Development and Validation Study}},
  journal = {JMIR Aging},
  year    = {2025},
  doi     = {10.2196/67437},
  pmid    = {40305830},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.2196/67437}
}